1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 683及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Totally Turn to the Internet? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below： 1现在不少人一遇到问题 就上网搜答案 2这种现象可能产生的影响 3我的看法 Should We Totally Turn
2、to the Internet? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information
3、 given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Happiness and Sadness Happiness and sadness are two most basic and familiar feelings for human beings. Recently, people have achie
4、ved further understanding about them. Happiness University of Illinois, psychologist Ed Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, was in Scotland recently, explaining to members of Parliament and business leaders the value of increasing traditional measures of a countrys wealth with a
5、 national index of happiness. Such an index would measure policies known to increase peoples sense of well-being, such as democratic freedoms, access to health care and the rule of law. Eric Wilson tried to get with the program. Urged on by friends, he bought books on how to become happier. He made
6、every effort to smooth out his habitual worried look and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to genuinely happy feelings. Wilson, a professor of English at Wake Forest University, took up jogging, reputed to boost the brains supply of joyful neuro-chemicals, and began his conversat
7、ions with “Great!“ and “Wonderful!“, the better to exercise his capacity for enthusiasm. However, some scientists are releasing the most-extensive-ever study comparing moderate and extreme levels of happiness, and finding that being happier is not always better. In surveys of 118 519 people from 96
8、countries, scientists examined how various levels of subjective well-being matched up with income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships. They also analyzed how different levels of happiness, as reported by college students, correlated with various outcomes
9、. Even allowing for imprecision in peoples self-reported sense of well-being, the results were unambiguous. The highest levels of happiness go along with the most stable, longest and most contented relationships. That is,even a little discontent with your partner can cause you to look around for som
10、eone better, until you are at best a serial monogamist (一夫一妻论者 ) and at worst never in a loving, stable relationship. Nevertheless, “once a moderate level of happiness is achieved, further increases can sometimes be harmful to income, career success, education and political participation“, Diener an
11、d colleagues write in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science. On a scale from 1 to 10, where 10s is extremely happy, 8s is more successful than 9s and 10s, getting more education and earning more. That probably reflects the fact that people who are somewhat discontent, but not so depresse
12、d as to be paralyzed, are more motivated to improve both their own lot (thus driving themselves to acquire more education and seek ever-more-challenging jobs) and the lot of their community (causing them to participate more in civic and political life). In contrast, people at the top of the jollines
13、s charts feel no such urgency. “If youre totally satisfied with your life and with how things are going in the world,“ says Diener, “you dont feel very motivated to work for change. Be wary when people tell you that you should be happier.“ Sadness The drawbacks of constant, extreme happiness should
14、not be surprising, since negative emotions evolved for a reason. Fear tips us off to the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our biological inheritance. Wilson argues that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. He also asse
15、rts that “the happy man is a hollow man,“ but he is hardly the first scholar to see melancholia (忧郁症 ) as inspiration. A classical Greek text, possibly written by Aristotle, asks, “Why is it that all those who have become outstanding in philosophy or politics or poetry or the arts are clearly melanc
16、holic?“ Wilsons answer is that “the blues can be a catalyst (催化剂 ) for a special kind of genius, a genius for exploring dark boundaries between opposites.“ The ever-restless, the chronically discontent, are dissatisfied with the status quo, be it in art or literature or politics. For all their famil
17、iarity, these arguments are nevertheless being crushed by the happiness movement. Last August, the novelist Mary Gordon lamented to The New York Times that “among writers. what is absolutely not allowable is sadness. People will do anything rather than to acknowledge that they are sad.“ And, Jess De
18、courcy Hinds, an English teacher, recounted how, after her father died, friends pressed her to distract herself from her profound sadness and sense of loss. “Why dont people accept that after a parents death, there will be years of grief?“ she wrote. “Everyone wants mourners to snap out of it becaus
19、e observing anothers distress isnt easy.“ Its hard to say exactly when ordinary Americans, no less than psychiatrists (精神病学家 ), began insisting that sadness is pathological (病态的 ). But by the end of the millennium that attitude was well established. In 1999, Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman was re
20、vived on Broadway 50 years after its premiere. A reporter asked two psychiatrists to read the script. Their diagnosis; Willy Loman was suffering from clinical depression, a pathological condition that could and should be treated with drugs. Miller was appalled. “Loman is not a depressive,“ he told T
21、he New York Times. “He is weighed down by life. There are social reasons for why he is where he is.“ What society once viewed as an appropriate reaction to failed hopes and dashed dreams, it now regards as a psychiatric illness. As NYUs Wakefield and Allan Horwitz of Rutgers University point out in
22、The Loss of Sadness, this message has its roots in the bible of mental illness. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Its definition of a “major depressive episode“ is remarkably broad. You must experience five not-uncommon symptoms, such as insomnia (失眠 ), difficulty concentrat
23、ing and feeling sad or empty, for two weeks; the symptoms must cause distress or impairment, and they cannot be due to the death of a loved one. Anyone meeting these criteria is supposed to be treated. When someone is appropriately sad, friends and colleagues offer support and sympathy. But by label
24、ing appropriate sadness pathological, “we have attached a stigma to being sad,“ says Wakefield, “with the result that depression tends to elicit hostility and rejection“ with an undercurrent of “Get over it) take a pill. “ The normal range of human emotion is not being tolerated. “We dont know how d
25、rugs react with normal sadness and its functions, such as reconstituting your life out of the pain,“ says Wakefield. Those psychiatrists also express doubts to medicalise the sadness. 2 According to Ed Diener, which of the following can be measured by the index of happiness? （ A） The standard of mor
26、ality. （ B） The freedom of speech. （ C） The sense of well-being. （ D） The access to health care. 3 In order to be happy, Wilson tried many ways such as_. （ A） borrowing books on how to become happier （ B） trying to keep a sunny smile （ C） starting his conversations with “Hello!“ （ D） trying to have
27、a good rest 4 Who have the highest levels of happiness according to the survey in 96 countries? （ A） People with the most wealth. （ B） People with the best health. （ C） People with the highest position. （ D） People with the most stable relationship. 5 According to Dieners statements in Perspectives
28、on Psychological Science, the person with a moderate level of happiness will get_. （ A） more education （ B） moderate success （ C） less earning （ D） more reputation 6 According to Diener, why do those people with the highest levels of happiness have less motivation to move ahead? （ A） Because they ha
29、ve spent all their time pursuing happiness. （ B） Because they dont allow their work to affect their feeling of happiness. （ C） Because they are too satisfied with happiness they have owned. （ D） Because they do not like people to tell them to be happier. 7 Which of the following is the possible answ
30、er to the question set by Aristotle in Wilsons opinion? （ A） The sadness can make one stronger. （ B） The sadness can make one intelligent. （ C） The sadness can force one to think more deeply. （ D） The sadness can make one more depressed. 8 After the death of Jess Hinds father, her friends tried to h
31、elp her out of_. （ A） working pressure （ B） emotional trouble （ C） economic pressure （ D） marriage problem 9 Willy Loman, the character in Death of a Salesman, was diagnosed by two psychiatrists to get suffering from _. 10 One experiencing a “major depressive episode“ has to experience five not-unco
32、mmon symptoms for a period of_. 11 When someone is in bad mood, his friends and colleagues should give him_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.
33、Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She holds an important position. （ B） She likes young people. （ C） She expects
34、 to look young. （ D） She is confident of her looks. （ A） She should focus more on study. （ B） She should go out with friends. （ C） She concentrates too much on her schoolwork. （ D） She is very important to her friends. （ A） It gives people something to think about. （ B） It teaches important lessons
35、to children. （ C） It should be removed from every home. （ D） It has a bad influence on children. （ A） Improve her energy level. （ B） Eat different foods. （ C） Change her ideas. （ D） Exercise a lot more. （ A） In a book publishing company. （ B） In a car dealers lot. （ C） In the street. （ D） In an agen
36、ts office. （ A） It gives him a little bit more spare time. （ B） It makes him feel much better when hes at work. （ C） It provides him with a chance to have a new house. （ D） It is a way to express his love to his family. （ A） Work more hours in a day. （ B） Try to do everything all at once. （ C） Only
37、do what is the most important. （ D） Pass her work on to important people. （ A） Because she cares very little about rest. （ B） Because she feels well enough to work on. （ C） Because she has to finish her work first. （ D） Because she loves her job very much. （ A） He worked in a painting store. （ B） He
38、 worked in a printing factory. （ C） He worked in a gas stand. （ D） He worked in a bookstore. （ A） He was in charge of printing the TV guides. （ B） He was responsible for editing the TV guides. （ C） He had to sell the TV guides. （ D） He had to prepare the TV guides for distribution. （ A） Delightful.
39、（ B） Meaningless. （ C） Terrible. （ D） Cruel. （ A） He comes to change his cassette player. （ B） He plans to have his cassette player repaired. （ C） He wants to complain about his cassette player. （ D） He comes to buy a new cassette player. （ A） Because the mans guarantee is out of date. （ B） Because
40、the man ruined it himself. （ C） Because the man bought the cassette in another shop. （ D） Because the cassette player is not defective. （ A） The man can only get a free repair within three months of his purchase. （ B） The cassette player is guaranteed for half a year. （ C） The man can get a free rep
41、air within one year of his purchase. （ D） The man can change for a new cassette player within ten days. （ A） Impolite but helpful. （ B） Kind and flexible. （ C） Polite and disciplined. （ D） Flexible and helpful. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each
42、 passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because they were holding a party on the street. （ B） Because they were celebrating Interna
43、tional Womens Day. （ C） Because they wanted to sing together. （ D） Because they were required to do so by the government. （ A） Hong Kong, America, Iraq. （ B） Hong Kong, Afghanistan, Iran. （ C） Congo, Afghanistan, Iran. （ D） Congo, Afghanistan, Iraq. （ A） She is a musician and activist in London. （ B
44、） She is the first female governor in Afghanistan. （ C） She is one of the female governors in Afghanistan. （ D） She is leading the march in Afghanistan. （ A） By telephone. （ B） By means of questionnaire. （ C） By letter. （ D） By e-mail. （ A） Men in their 50s. （ B） Women in their 20s. （ C） Men in thei
45、r 70s. （ D） Women in their 50s. （ A） Because they have experienced a lot. （ B） Because they improve their physical condition. （ C） Because they change their ways to see the world. （ D） Because they live long enough. （ A） Humans and animals use quite different senses in choosing food. （ B） Humans and
46、 animals mainly depend on one sense in choosing food. （ C） Humans and animals choose food in the same way. （ D） Humans use more senses in choosing food than animals. （ A） The bear. （ B） The white butterfly. （ C） The panda. （ D） The fox. （ A） When the season changes. （ B） When the color of the food c
47、hanges. （ C） When they move to different places. （ D） When they are attracted by different smells. （ A） All of them are overweight. （ B） They can always choose the right food. （ C） They study in modern life. （ D） They eat foods with too much sugar. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hea
48、r a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to
49、 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 One feature of newfound wealth in the developing world has been the embrace of Western luxury labels. But since the global economy【 B1】 _apart, the rich classes have cooled their【 B2】 _on Chanel handbags and Gucci shoes. That doesnt【 B3】 _theyve given up luxury fashion altogether. They are turning to smaller, local designers who deve
