1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 699及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Students Preference for Famous Brands. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1很多学生穿着讲究名牌 2学生穿名牌的动机 3我的观点 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (
2、Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement
3、contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Clues to Help Explain the Frequency of Injuries The three women are all serious athletes, and they work together at a small research and development firm in New Jersey. Frequent Inj
4、uries One had a single serious injury when she was a teenager doing gymnastics and skiing. One recently had a hairline crack in the tibia(胫骨 ), a serious-overuse injury from running. And the third has had one injury after another for the last five years. Which do you think is which: Jennifer Davis,
5、38, runs almost every day, at least 10 miles, and wears her running shoes down to a nub. She has had surgery to remove half the meniscus in her left knee after she tore it exercising, and she is missing that piece of cartilage that stabilizes the joint. Tara Martin, 30, is a triathlete who has compe
6、ted in many triathlon sports including the Hawaii Ironman, which consists of a 2.4-mile swim, a 112-mile bike ride and a 26.2-mile run. Birgit Unfried, 26, has been running competitively since high school. She also uses an elliptical cross-trainer, swims and takes spinning classes at her gym. She ra
7、ces in 5K and 10K events, never doing the long-distance training that is needed to run a marathon. O. K. , its a trick question. Birgit has chronic injuries either her knee hurts or she has excruciating shinsplints that keep her from running. Jen, who is my workout partner, tore her meniscus, the ca
8、rtilage that helps stabilize the knee, when she was a teenager. She had surgery at 15 and has not had a serious injury since. And Tara, who is part of a running group that Jen and I belong to, had the hairline crack, a stress fracture, in 2006. The injury, which was devastating and which took three
9、months to heal, occurred just when she was trying to increase her mileage for fall marathons. Explanation and Protection And that leads to some of the most difficult problems in exercise science: Why do some people become injured even though, like Birgit, they try to do everything right while others
10、, like Jen, who flout (蔑视 ) every rule, avoid injury? And how can the injury-prone protect themselves? Exercise scientists say they have a few answers that can help with some common injuries. But all too often injuries remain a mystery and people may have to figure out how much exercise is too much
11、for themselves and what sort of routines tend to produce injuries. “We dont have enough definitive evidence to say, This causes an injury and even if you dont have an injury you should change it,“ said Stephen Messier, who directs the biomechanics lab at Wake Forest University. Much of the work focu
12、ses on running injuries. But the same principles apply to swimming, tennis, bicycling or basketball. “I think that there is a general quality of heartiness, or robustness, that may influence who gets hurt and who doesnt,“ said Carl Foster, director of the human performance laboratory at the Universi
13、ty of Wisconsin, La Crosse. “Ive never seen any systematically collected data, and Im not even sure what one would measure, but anyone who has worked with athletes for any time at all has seen that there are just some people who are fragile and some who arent.“ Sometimes injuries have a simple fix l
14、ike making sure your bicycle fits properly or improving your swimming stroke. More often, they do not. And people tend to get the same injury repeatedly. “My guess is that it is probably your weak link, perhaps due to your structural malalignment,“ said Irene Davis, the research director at the Dray
15、er Physical Therapy Institute at the University of Delaware. “You probably have an innate predisposition for that injury.“ For example, people differ in the way their tissues, bones and ligaments respond to increased training, said Dr. Gordon Matheson, an exercise physiologist and orthopedic surgeon
16、 at Stanford University and a past editor of the journal Physician “Its a big jump from a 9-minute mile to an 8-minute mile, and shock absorption can decrease substantially making that move. “ But Dr. Davis recent research has identified a few biomechanical features of people who tend to get two com
17、mon injuries - runners knee and stress fractures of the tibia and showed that its possible to change peoples biomechanics. The investigators, though, have not yet confirmed those findings with rigorous studies. Dr. Davis said that runners whose knees hurt tended to drop their hip with each step whil
18、e, at the same time, their knees cave inward by an excessive amount. Using a computer monitor and cameras, she showed runners where their hips and knees were when they were running on a treadmill and where they should be. They learned to change their alignment and, according to Dr. Davis, they said
19、their knee pain decreased. Stress fractures of the tibia may have a very different cause, Dr. Davis said. Those who get it often have a characteristic gait, she said. The runners tend to strike the ground hard with their heel. Dr. Daviss solution is to train runners by having them run on treadmills
20、that can measure the force of each step. The runners can see how hard their feet hit the treadmill. That still leaves a lot of injuries that are largely unexplained. And that means that for some people, injuries may just be a fact of life. You Can Still Have Fun Jen seems to get by unscathed. She ra
21、n the Baltimore marathon on Oct. 11, will run the New York City Marathon on Nov. 2, and will compete in a 50-mile race in Maryland a few weeks later. Tara also ran in the Baltimore marathon, three weeks after competing in a triathlon in Maryland, and is training for a marathon in Harrisburg, Pa., on
22、 Nov. 9. And Birgit is still in spinning classes and on the elliptical cross-trainer, hoping to run soon. But that does not mean she cant have fun. Just ask Dr. Alan Garber, a professor of medicine at Stanford who has a daunting injury history and has learned to cope. It began in the late 1970s when
23、 he was preparing for a marathon and got a stress fracture of his tibia. He sought help, changed his shoes, and thought he had solved his problem. Then, a few years ago, he started running the Silicon Valley Marathon but had to stop because he was in such pain. “I could barely walk,“ Dr. Garber said
24、. This time he had a severe stress fracture near where his calf muscles attach to his tibia. It was so bad that Stanford now uses his X-rays as a teaching tool. “Its the worst stress fracture they have ever seen,“ Dr. Garber said. He spent eight weeks on crutches before beginning his path back to ru
25、nning. Last year, he fell while running down a steep hill, twisting his ankle so badly that he tore his ligaments. Another long recuperation followed. Now hes hurt his hip from vigorous workouts on a rowing machine. But Dr. Garber learned to cope. “I go into recovery mode,“ Dr. Garber said. At each
26、stage of his recovery, he seizes upon the things he can do. When he had the severe stress fracture, he could not kick when he tried to swim. So he swam with a pull buoy. The day he was finally able to kick was fabulous. He graduated to pool running, jumping into the deep end of a pool and moving his
27、 legs and arms as though he were running. He loved it. He could use an elliptical cross-trainer when he got a little better. Sheer joy. Ordinarily, swimming or pool running or an elliptical cross-trainer would seem like a bore to Dr. Garber. But he finds himself looking forward to those workouts. An
28、d, he said, he tells himself: “Ive recovered before. I just have to switch to exercises that I can still do.“ 2 Tara had a hairline crack when she was trying to increase her mileage for the autumn Marathons. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 3 Stephen Messier claims that they have definite evidence to
29、 say what causes an injury. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 4 According to Carl Foster, anyone who has worked with athletes for any time at all has seen some people are more likely to get injured than others. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 5 One of the explanations given by Irene Davis to repeated
30、injuries is an innate predisposition for that injury. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 6 Dr Davis recent finding of a few biomechanical features of people who tend to get runners knee and stress fractures is considered a breakthrough by the investigators. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 7 For some pe
31、ople, injuries may just be a part of life for there are still some injuries which are left unexplained. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 8 Dr. Alan Garber got a stress fracture of his tibia while running a marathon in the 1970s. （ A） YES （ B） NO （ C） NOT GIVEN 9 Stephen Messier, who directs the biome
32、chanics lab at Wake Forest University, mainly concentrates on study of_. 10 Last year, Dr Alan Garber fell while running down a steep hill and twisted his ankle so badly that he_. 11 At each stage of Dr. Garbers recovery from an injury, he_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 sho
33、rt conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A,
34、 B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She can never recall the title of the essay. （ B） She has temporarily forgotten the title. （ C） The title is rather difficult to pronounce. （ D） She doesnt want to tell the man the title of the essay. （ A） At a gas station. （ B） At a railway sta
35、tion. （ C） At the theater. （ D） Near her office. （ A） She is applying for a job. （ B） She wants to change her job. （ C） She is interviewing an applicant. （ D） She refuses to work for him. （ A） He thinks its too heavy a load. （ B） He doesnt care about working overtime. （ C） He minds all the overtime.
36、 （ D） He hates it. （ A） The man entered the apartment. （ B） The woman entered the room. （ C） The man forgot to bring the key. （ D） The woman forgot where he hid it. （ A） She will ask the boss to give the man a pay raise. （ B） She encourages the man to ask for a pay raise. （ C） She thinks that it is
37、not good asking for a pay raise. （ D） She thinks that the man does not deserve a pay raise. （ A） All the guests left a bit earlier. （ B） Television attracted him deeply. （ C） He wanted to take a walk. （ D） He missed the important part. （ A） Yes, he started and finished the writing. （ B） Yes, he wrot
38、e the thesis twice. （ C） Yes, he restarted the beginning. （ D） No, he didnt write at all. （ A） She felt very hard to adapt to the new surroundings. （ B） She felt curious about everything she met. （ C） She felt the situation around is suitable for her. （ D） She felt it interesting to adapt to the new
39、 surroundings. （ A） Americans are very kind. （ B） The variety of cultures will bring great advantages. （ C） A lot of Americans have personality traits. （ D） Americans are ambitious people with strong personality. （ A） The help of an influential person. （ B） Family origins. （ C） Opportunities. （ D） I
40、ndividual efforts. （ A） 6 （ B） 5 （ C） 4 （ D） 3 （ A） He hadnt enough money. （ B） He had to fly back to Singapore. （ C） He had to hold an important party. （ D） He had to participate in a meeting. （ A） Five days. （ B） One week. （ C） Two days. （ D） Four days. （ A） Its modern, but boring. （ B） It has man
41、y people. （ C） Its regarded as a big shopping center. （ D） Its as clean as European countries. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
42、a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because many people dont know how to behave in social situation. （ B） Because most people are shy by nature. （ C） Nobody will laugh at you for being shy. （ D） Shyness is difficult to overcome. （ A） By predic
43、tion. （ B） By recording. （ C） Through observation. （ D） Through interviewing. （ A） To observe peoples attitude toward strangers. （ B） To see how people get along with their friends. （ C） To change peoples behaviors in social life. （ D） To find out how shy people are. （ A） To see the sites of ancient
44、 Rome. （ B） To experience the delights of the life in Italy. （ C） To do some new surveys. （ D） To learn Italian cooking. （ A） It can keep people relayed. （ B） It can help people keep in shape. （ C） It is a kind of psychological treatment. （ D） It is easy to handle. （ A） Tour in Italy. （ B） Tour in t
45、he USA. （ C） Italian cooking. （ D） Americans life. （ A） In the 15th century. （ B） In the 6th century. （ C） In the 5th century. （ D） In the 16th century. （ A） Because it was at the seaside. （ B） Because of its old style of architecture. （ C） Because of the beautiful garden in front of it. （ D） Becaus
46、e it was the only modern building there. （ A） To make money. （ B） To welcome the tourists. （ C） To keep the tourists away. （ D） To warn the tourists not to ruin his garden. （ A） In order to have more peace. （ B） In order to welcome more visitors. （ C） In order to earn more money. （ D） In order to ha
47、ve a bigger garden. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 w
48、ith the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 In my family, we were taught and shown by examples that politics can be a nobl
49、e profession, that each of us should 【 B1】 _the country that has given us so much. Over the past years, 【 B2】 _, I worry that my own children have developed a 【 B3】 _ fear of government. What is happening makes them 【 B4】 _, uncertain and afraid not unlike many adults. Though I dont think President Clinton should be 【 B5】 _ from office, I dont forgive his conduct. It was wrong. Children must be taught to tell the truth, and they will be 【 B6】 _ if they dont. My 5-year
