1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 767及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic College Graduates on the Job Market. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and outline given below: 1. 描述右图所示高校毕业生的起薪情况 2分析这一现象产生的
2、原因 3如何提高高校毕业生就业竞争力 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the informati
3、on given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Scientists Question Possible Nanotech Risks More and more companies are using nanotechnology(纳米技术 ) to improve their products, b
4、ut many experts say safety research is trailing far behind the pace of commercialization and want the US Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies to regulate the emerging industry, more strongly. In the first single inventory of largely government funded research projects, the Proj
5、ect on Emerging Nanotechnologies found that there is a need for more, resources, for a consistent risk-related research strategy and for public-private partnerships and international research cooperation. Scientists manipulating matter at the molecular level have improved on hundreds of everyday pro
6、ducts in recent years and are promising dramatic breakthroughs in medicine and other industries as billions of dollars a year are pumped into the newborn sector. But relatively little is known about the potential health and environmental effects of the tiny particles just atoms wide and small enough
7、 to easily penetrate cells in lungs, brains and other organs. While governments and businesses have begun pumping millions of dollars into researching such effects, scientists and others say nowhere near enough is being spent to determine whether nanomaterials pose a danger to human health. Michael
8、Crichtons bestselling book Prey paints a doomsday(世界末日 ) scene in which a large number of tiny nanomachines escapes the lab and threatens to overwhelm humanity. Scientists believe the potential threat from nanomaterials is more everyday than a terrible novel, but no less serious. Studies have shown
9、that some of the most promising carbon nanoparticles including long, hollow nanotubes and sphere-shaped buckyballs can be poisonous to animal cells. There are fears that exposure can cause breathing problems, as occurs with some other very small particles, that nanoparticles could be inhaled through
10、 the nose, bringing unknown damage on brain cells, or that nanotubes placed on the skin could damage DNA. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is developing guidelines for working with nanomaterials, saying the tiny particles may raise health concerns and the risk to those who w
11、ork with them is unknown. Also unknown is the risk to consumers and the environment. “No one knows, and thats the problem,“ said Pat Roy Mooney, executive director of the ETC Group, an Ottawa-based nonprofit that studies the impact of technology on people and the environment. “People are rubbing the
12、m on our skin as sunscreens and as cosmetics(化妆品 ).“ Mooneys group is calling for products, such as sunscreen that are directly absorbed into the body, to be taken off the shelf until there is more study. “Frankly, I dont think that skin creams or strain resistant pants are a good reason to sacrific
13、e someones health,“ he said. The federal government currently spends about $1 billion a year on nanotechnology research under its National Nanotechnology Initiative. A newly released inventory by the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies found about $6 million being spent annually by the federal gove
14、rnment on research that is highly focused on health and environmental effects of nanotechnology. Though the inventory is not a complete accounting of all research, it indicates that a small percentage of research dollars are going to health and safety, said Dave Rejeski, director of the non-partisan
15、 policy group. “More energy and more funding needs to go into it,“ said Kevin Ausman, executive director of the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology at Rice University in Texas. “There is not going to be a simple answer to the question Is nanotechnology dangerous?“ he said. But Aus
16、man and others said the nanotechnology sector is ahead of the curve when it comes to understanding potential dangers, and is doing far more early research than has been done in other industries, even one as relatively new as biotechnology. “These issues are being discussed openly,“ said Agnes Kane,
17、a pathologist(病理学者 ) at Brown University, who has moved into nanotechnology. She is one of several Brown professors sharing a $1.8 million, four year grant to study the effects of nanoparticles on human and animal cells. The asbestos industry, which was shown to cause cancer and other illnesses, pai
18、d the price for a failure to fully understand the products dangers before putting it on the market, Kane said. “This is one of the few areas that Ive been in that there has been a discussion at the beginning,“ she said. Rejeski said researchers are struggling with how much to spend and how to decide
19、 what research to fund. The groups inventory of research is a kind of “nanotech dating service“ that can help match up researchers with similar interests who are looking for partners, he said. It can also identify holes and point to areas that need more funding. For example, a search of the inventor
20、y shows much of the research now happening is focused on the lungs. Theres also very little so-called lifecycle research how nanomaterials break down in the environment, Rejeski said. Scientists are also working on creating standard terms for nanotechnology so that researchers from different backgro
21、unds can work together and better understand the research thats been done in other fields. The Nano Business Alliance, a group of large and small businesses, is looking at working with other groups to conduct an economic analysis of the level of funding that is needed for environmental health and sa
22、fety research in the coming year. The alliance consists primarily of nanotech startups but also includes major corporations such as Lockheed Martin and Motorola and research institutions including Northwestern and Purdue universities. Sean Murdock, executive director of the group, said he believes i
23、ts premature to regulate the young industry but that businesses recognize that more health and safety research is needed. “If we keep our eye on the ball,“ he said, “we can avoid big downstream problems.“ But nanotechnology in future depends on the willingness of government, business and public inte
24、rest groups both at home and abroad to work together to build consumer trust and to tackle any, potential health and environmental issues early. The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies was launched in April 2005 by the Wilson Center and The Pew Charitable Trusts to help business, governments and th
25、e public anticipate and manage the possible human and environmental implications of nanotechnology. 2 The passage mainly aims to identify that nanotech may do potential damage to our health and environment. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies calls for all kinds of peopl
26、e and global institutions to participate. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 According to scientists possible threat from nanomaterials may cause some severe problems. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 At present consumers are concerned with health problems from nanotech much more than scientists do. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C）
27、NG 6 Pat believes that sometime people should consider materials advantage instead of its influence an their health. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Dave Rejeski thinks that nanotechnology research should be funded more money. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Nanotechnulogy is one of the fields which is discussed on
28、 its health and environment effects just after its appearance. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The inventory of research is not only a nanotech dating service, but also can find out the areas which need more_. 10 In order to unify different kinds of researchers on nanotechnology scientists begin to draft a_
29、. 11 The Nano Business Alliance is originally composed of nanotech startups, major corporations and_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both th
30、e conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The man enjoys traveling by car. （ B） The man lives far from the subway. （ C） The man
31、 is good at driving. （ D） The man used to own a car. （ A） Tony should continue taking the course. （ B） She approves of Tonys decision. （ C） Tony can choose another science course. （ D） She cant meet Tony so early in the morning （ A） They will be replaced by on-line education expands. （ B） They will
32、attract fewer kids as on-line education expands. （ C） They will continue to exist along with on-line education. （ D） They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only. （ A） Most students would like to work for a newspaper. （ B） Most students find a job by reading advertisement. （ C） Most stude
33、nts find it hard to get a job after they graduate. （ D） Most students dont want jobs advertisement in the newspapers. （ A） Move the washing machine to the basement. （ B） Turn the basement into a workshop. （ C） Repair the washing machine. （ D） Finish his assignment. （ A） Some students at the back can
34、not hear the professor. （ B） The professor has changed his reading assignment. （ C） Some of the students are not on the professors list. （ D） The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment. （ A） Talking about sports. （ B） Writhing up local news. （ C） Reading newspapers. （ D） Putting up adv
35、ertisements. （ A） They shouldnt change their plan. （ B） Theyd better change their mind. （ C） The tennis game wont last long. （ D） Weather forecasts are not reliable. （ A） Yoga. （ B） Jogging. （ C） Weightlifting. （ D） Weight reducing exercise. （ A） It can make people look younger. （ B） It is good to p
36、eoples mind and makes the body more flexible. （ C） It can offer people chances to make more money. （ D） It can make people away from diseases. （ A） Because it is a good exercise. （ B） Because it helps people to lose weight. （ C） Because famous people are doing it. （ D） Because it teaches people how
37、to breathe. （ A） Buy a tractor. （ B） Fix a house. （ C） See a piece of property. （ D） Sign a business contract. （ A） It is only forty miles from where they live. （ B） It is a small one with a two-bedroom house. （ C） It was bought at a price lower than expected. （ D） It has a large garden with fresh v
38、egetables. （ A） Growing potatoes will involve less labor. （ B） Its soil may not be very suitable for com. （ C） It may not be big enough for raising com. （ D） Raising potatoes will be more profitable. （ A） Finances. （ B） Labor. （ C） Equipment. （ D） Profits. Section B Directions: In this section, you
39、will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Resident advice. （ B） Summer vacation. （ C） T
40、he housing office. （ D） Check-out procedures. （ A） Call the housing office. （ B） Repair holes in room walls. （ C） Remove personal property. （ D） Register for summer school. （ A） Students summer addresses. （ B） Any damage to their rooms. （ C） When they plan to come back. （ D） Comments on the housing
41、office. （ A） It came from the highest court. （ B） It came from the theater. （ C） It came from the military. （ D） No one is sure of the answer. （ A） Bemuse he had to stand in front of the music band of the military. （ B） Because he had to face the back of the horse while leaving. （ C） Because the sol
42、diers he had served with would play for him. （ D） Because the buttons on the soldiers clothing would be cut off. （ A） It means “everybody can see you love Marx“. （ B） It means “your love toward Mary is plain“. （ C） It means “your nose is so plain that Mary wont like it“. （ D） It means “you should hi
43、de your nose while dating Mary“. （ A） It looks like a modem bridge. （ B） It doesnt look like the Tower of London. （ C） It is a modern bridge. （ D） It is much older than the Tower of London. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the f
44、irst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. Fo
45、r these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 33 Scientists have developed a new cancer drug. So far, they have tasted it only on【 B1】 _animals. The drug is designed to【 B2】 _and kill cancer cells but not healthy cells. First, the drug enters the cancer and
46、 destroys the supply of blood. Then it releases【 B3】 _to destroy the cancer cells, Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge carried out the study. The【 B4】 _appeared in Nature【 B5】 _. A school news release caned the drug an “anti-cancer smart bomb.“ Ram Sasisekharan is a
47、 professor at M.LT. Ha says his team had to【 B6】 _three problems. They had to find a way to destroy the blood vessels, then to【 B7】 _the growth of new ones. But they also needed the blood vessels to supply chemicals to destroy the cancer. So, tile researchers designed a two-part “nanocell“. The cell
48、 is【 B8】 _in nanometers, or one thousand millionth of a meter.【 B9】 _ The scientists say it was small enough to pass through the blood vessels of the cancer, but it was too big to enter normal blood vessels. The surface of the nanocells also halped, them to avoid natural defenses. 【 B10】 _That cut o
49、ff the blood supply and trapped the nanocell inside the cancer. Then, the nanocell slowly released chemotherapy drugs to kill the cancer cells. 【 B11】 _ 34 【 B1】 35 【 B2】 36 【 B3】 37 【 B4】 38 【 B5】 39 【 B6】 40 【 B7】 41 【 B8】 42 【 B9】 43 【 B10】 44 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the pas
