1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 789及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 给你的外国朋友写一封信，告诉他 (她 )你已经被美国的一所大学录取，但你苦恼的是自己的听力和口语水平不够 ，你想寻求他 (她 )对于如何提高听力和口语的建议。 二、 Part II Reading Comp
2、rehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the
3、 statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Sense That Shapes Our Future When he puts his three-year-old daughter to bed at night, psychologist Michael Meaney gives her an extra hug. His animal research suggest
4、s that caresses (爱抚 ) in early youth may lead in adulthood to healthier brain cells, clearer memories and fewer problems from aging. Premature babies fill rows of incubators (放置早产婴儿的恒温箱 ) in a city hospital. All receive the same food, but those who are massaged daily show greater weight gain and men
5、tal development than preemies (早产儿 ) who arent. Shoppers in a supermarket are asked to sample a new brand of pizza. Those who are touched for a fraction of a second during the sales pitch are more likely to buy the new product. Touch is the first sense we develop, and we acquire it before birth. We
6、could not live without it. Imagine being unable to sense the danger of scalding (滚烫的 ) water or to feel our way down a dark stairway. We tend to think of sight as our most important sense, yet we close our eyes in sleep for a third of each day. Touch never blinks, never turns off its awareness of th
7、e world around us. Scientists have now discovered that touch also shapes our minds and health. Dr. Saul Schanberg, professor of pharmacology (药理学 ) and biological psychiatry (精神病学 ) at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, studied baby rats. He found that when separated from their mother for as
8、 little as 45 minutes they underwent major internal changes. Their level of growth hormone (荷尔蒙 ) and of a key enzyme (酶 ) dropped sharply, but came back to normal soon after their mother returned to the nest. The lack of touch from the mothers licking triggered these biochemical changes, but firmly
9、 stroking the newborns with a moist paintbrush restored them to normal. In collaboration with Scanberg, researchers at the University of Miami Medical Schools Touch Research Institute, directed by psychologist Tiffany Field, began giving premature babies 45 minutes of massage each day. Common wisdom
10、 had held that these infants should be kept in an isolated, womblike environment, that touch would stress them and impair their chances for survival. Nevertheless, Field and her co-workers gave 20 stabilized preemies three 15-minute periods of slow, firm massage strokes and limb movements. Within te
11、n days the massaged babies showed 47-percent greater weight gain than their wardmates, as well as improved sleep, alertness and activity. Up to eight months later they displayed greater mental and physical skills. Most dramatically, the massaged preemies were able to leave the costly critical-care u
12、nit an average of six days earlier than preemies not massaged. Field explains that touch stimulates certain hormones that emerge naturally in full-term babies, including those that facilitate food absorption. According to Dr. Ronald Bart of Montreals Childrens Hospital, some infants are held only ab
13、out two to three hours each day by their mothers, compared with some African tribal cultures in which babies are handled or carried by their mothers up to 90 percent of the time. Adds nursing professor Kathryn Barnard, “About 80 percent of a babys communication is done through body movement, and ski
14、n-to-skin contact makes it easier for a mother to read that communication.“ The more a mother holds her baby, the more aware she is of the babys needs. Touching serves purposes beyond giving comfort and security. Scientists have discovered that when babies put a rattle or toy in their mouths they ar
15、e doing more than just trying to taste. They are using their lips and tongue, among the most sensitive regions of touch, to confirm and refine what their eyes see. Confirming the distance, shape and hardness of their surroundings with touch helps them to develop other senses such as sight. Even as a
16、dults we rarely accept the notion that “seeing is believing.“ Instead we speak of preferring things that we can “get a grip on.“ that are “tangible.“ The world we perceive through touch differs from what our eyes see. Put on a blindfold and have a friend touch cookie cutters of different shapes agai
17、nst your skin; the average person will recognize the shape less than half the time. But if you are allowed to touch each cookie cutter with your finger, recognition jumps to 95-percent accuracy. More touching may take place in preschool or kindergarten than during any other period. Touching is lowes
18、t in the early to mid teens, but, late in high school or early in college, most people begin touching members of the opposite sex, a pattern that grows more intense until marriage. “When weve studied couples in public places,“ says University of Missouri psychology professor Frank Willis, Jr., “we o
19、bserved that before marriage the man initiates touching with the woman. After marriage, its always the woman who touches the man first.“ Generally, successful and self-confident people feel freer to touch others than shy, unsure ones. In daily life women use and accept touching far more than men do,
20、 and are more sensitive to touch everywhere from their fingertips to their toes.Men, who tend to perceive uninvited touch as a sign of dominance and of their own vulnerability, more often react to touch with tension. Some touch messages may be easily misinterpreted. A brief touch on the shoulder, el
21、bow or hand is usually friendly. But when someone of the opposite sex touches you, does it convey friendliness, a come-on or harassment ( 骚扰 )? A lingering touch on the hand, face or neck is likely something more. A pat on the head can be patronizing, conveying “I am the adult, you the child.“ Even
22、when unnoticed, touch exerts a powerful psychological impact. Willis found that when shoppers were solicited (恳求 ) to try a sample of pizza or when passers-by were asked to sign a petition (请愿书 ), many more complied (依从 ) when given a slight touch lasting a fraction of a second. Other researchers ha
23、ve found that a momentary touch gains bigger tips for waitresses. Says Willis, “New research into our nonverbal behavior reflects what successful salespeople have long known: a light, inconspicuous touch can often persuade customers that you are familiar and a friend.“ In hospitalized patients, the
24、caring touch of nurses and loved ones can relieve anxiety and tension headaches. Touch can sometimes reduce rapid heartbeat and heart arrhythmias (心律不齐 ). “Human contact makes people feel better, more comfortable and secure.“ says registered nurse Rita King. “More than that, it has a placebo (安慰剂 )
25、effect. When patients feel theyre in good caring hands, they heal faster.“ 2 Psychologist Michael Meaney has learnt from his own experience as a parent that caresses in early youth are good for the growth of brain cells and mental capacity in adulthood. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Contrary to the popula
26、r belief that premature babies should be kept in an isolated, womblike environment, periods of slow, firm massage strokes and limb movements may give them a better chance to survive. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Massaging has almost become a routine treatment to preemies premature babies in hospital sinc
27、e more and more scientists claim that massaged babies gain more weight and have improved sleep and alertness. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Touching not only serves to give babies the feeling of comfort and security but also helps them to develop the senses of sight and taste. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The
28、author asserts in this article that the world we perceive through touching is different from what our eyes see, and the sense of touching can help increase accuracy in recognition. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 After careful observations, psychologists find that men are more sensitive to uninvited touch f
29、rom the opposite sex and tend to regard it as a sign of dominance and of their own vulnerability. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Successful salespeople know much better than researchers about the powerful psychological effect of a touch on customers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Some scientists explain that tou
30、ching gives premature babies a better chance to survive because it _. 10 It is the sense of _that we first acquire and develop, and it tends to shape _all the way. 11 Comparatively speaking, _people would feel freer to touch others. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conver
31、sations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and
32、 D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She hopes that they will take some of the paintings away. （ B） She hasnt gone to see that exhibit yet. （ C） She prefers to go to the art gallery rather than study. （ D） She doesnt want to see the exhibit. （ A） Go cross the bridge. （ B） Repeat the experim
33、ent. （ C） Come to the bridge game. （ D） Wait and see what will happen. （ A） One. （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. （ A） Studying is more interesting so hell study seriously at school. （ B） Studying at school is no more interesting than work. （ C） He hopes to get a job soon. （ D） Work is preferable. （
34、 A） Bob is very good at running, （ B） Bob works as a guard. （ C） Bob never skips the professors class. （ D） Bob is very smart. （ A） The neighbors probably wont turn clown the music. （ B） The man should move to another place. （ C） The man should listen to some light music. （ D） She doesnt think the m
35、usic is so loud. （ A） The man will probably go to the movie. （ B） The woman will have a test. （ C） The man will have to sit for an exam. （ D） The woman wishes she could go to class with the man. （ A） A holiday. （ B） An accident. （ C） Luck. （ D） Work. （ A） Selling his car. （ B） Leaving his car in a p
36、arking service company. （ C） Having his car serviced. （ D） Hiring a car abroad. （ A） 6.5. （ B） 18.25. （ C） 24.75. （ D） 31.25. （ A） In the companys car. （ B） By taxi. （ C） In his friends car. （ D） By bus. （ A） The differences in work attitudes of employees in big companies and small companies. （ B） T
37、he management styles of executives in big companies and small companies. （ C） The percentage of employees involved in top management in big companies and small companies. （ D） The operation on a first-name basis in big companies and small companies. （ A） Employees in a big company never call each ot
38、her by their first name. （ B） Even people in top management have probably never met the president of the company. （ C） Only a small number of the employees know the top management. （ D） People who work for a big company are more conscious of time. （ A） They have less control over their work environm
39、ent. （ B） They are impersonally involved in their job. （ C） They never call the president by his first name. （ D） They have a greater sense of the companys goal. （ A） People dont really see the final product the company is producing. （ B） People are able to identify with the primary goal of the comp
40、any. （ C） People fully understand the importance of employee identification with company products. （ D） People know exactly what the company is producing. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage
41、 and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） An examination of farmers in northern Japan. （ B） Tests given on a thousand old people. （ C） Examining the brain volumes of different people. （ D）
42、Using computer technology. （ A） Our brain contract as we grow old. （ B） One part of the brain does not contract. （ C） Sixty-year olds have better brains than thirty-year olds. （ D） Some peoples brains have contracted earlier than other peoples. （ A） Most of us should take more exercise. （ B） Its bet
43、ter to live in the town. （ C） The brain contracts if it is not used. （ D） The more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old. （ A） Animals skins, jewels and stone. （ B） Clay, paint, and cloth. （ C） Metals, animals skins and clay. （ D） Paint, clay and stone. （ A） Stone. （ B） Hard wood. （ C） Bone.
44、 （ D） Metals. （ A） They learned to make a fire. （ B） They learned to make clothes. （ C） They learned to appreciate the beauty of human forms. （ D） They learned to dig tunnels. （ A） Power. （ B） Academic degree. （ C） Wealth. （ D） Diligence. （ A） The change of life-style. （ B） The change of the nature
45、of occupations. （ C） The increase of social wealth. （ D） The increase of job opportunities. （ A） Politicians. （ B） Clerks. （ C） Manual workers. （ D） Lawyers. （ A） Farm workers. （ B） White-collar workers. （ C） Blue-collar workers. （ D） Not mentioned. Section C Directions: In this section, you will he
46、ar a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 t
47、o 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Its official that married people are healthier, or at least they think they are. An American【 B1】 _of over 100,000 people shows that, despite changi
48、ng social【 B2】 _in society, there is a link between being married and being【 B3】 _ One reason could be that people with physical, mental or【 B4】 _problems are【 B5】 _likely to marry in their first place, but married people also【 B6】_from greater support from family and friends and this【 B7】 _their he
49、alth. Divorce and loss of a close friend or relative increase depression, as well as affecting many people【 B8】 _ Married people are less likely than single people to smoke, drink heavily or drive after they have been drinking.【 B9】 _. All of these reduce the chances of disease or injury. 【 B10】 _ So it seems that the best advice is get married, but make sure you find the right partner.【 B11】 _ 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 4
