1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 807及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 In this part, you are allowed 30 minuies to write a composition on the title Bargains. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 廉价商品充斥市场。 2廉价商品的真实面目。 3你的对策。 二、 Part II Re
2、ading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for
3、NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Learning a language When Do We Learn a Language? Children begin learning languages at birth (infants pay attention to their parents voices, as opposed to random
4、 noises or even other languages), and havent really mastered it subtleties before the age of ten years. Indeed. we never really stop learning our language. This isnt exactly the sort of behavior (like foals walking an hour after birth) that we call instinct in animals. Do We learn When We Dont Have
5、to? But at least its effortless, isnt it? Well, no, as we can see when children have a choice of languages to learn. Whats found is that, to be frank, children dont learn a language if they can get away with not learning it. Many an immigrant family in the U.S. intends to teach their child their nat
6、ive language; and for the first few years il goes swimmingly so much so that the parents worry that the child wont learn English. Then the child goes to school, picks up English, and within a few years the worry is reversed: the child still understands his parents, but responds in English. Eventuall
7、y the parents may give up, and the home language becomes English. Peoples Influence A child is likely to end up as a fluent speaker of a language only if there are significant people in her life who speak it: a nanny who only speaks Spanish, a relative who doesnt speak English, etc. Once a child dis
8、covers that his parents understand English perfectly well, hes likely to give up on the home language, even in the face of strong disapproval from the parents. Its a myth that children learn to speak mainly from their parents. They dont: they learn mostly from their peers. This is most easily seen a
9、mong children of immigrants, whether they come from differing language backgrounds or merely different dialect areas: the children invariably come to speak the dialect of their neighborhood and school, not that of their parents. (I found a neat example of this in my colleges alumni magazine: A liber
10、al family in Mississippi sent their daughter to the public schools, which except for her were all black. She grew up speaking fluent African-American Vernacular English. ) Do We Need Grammar? Supporters of the language instinct make much of the fact that children learn to speak without formal instru
11、ction - indeed, they notoriously ignore explicit corrections. Very little of what we learn is through formal instruction. Children arent schooled in video games, either, yet they pick them up with the same seeming ease. The apparent effortlessness is largely an illusion caused by psychological dista
12、nce. We just dont remember how hard it was to learn language. (In fact, theres some studies suggesting that memory is tied to language, so that we cant remember the language learning process. ) The perception of effortlessness should be balanced, anyway, by the universal amusement (which some cartoo
13、nists have been mining for nearly half a century) over childrens language mistakes. Do Children Learn Faster? One may fall back on the position that languages may be hard for children to learn, but at least they do it better than adults. This, however, turns out to be surprisingly difficult to prove
14、. Singleton examined hundreds of studies, and found them resoundingly ambiguous. Quite a few studies, in fact, find that adult learners progress faster than children. Even in phonetics, sometimes tile last stronghold of the kids-learn-free position, there are studies finding that adults are better a
15、t recognizing and producing foreign sounds. Now, I think Singleton misses a key point in understanding this discrepancy: the studies he reviews compare children vs. adults who are learning languages. Thats quite reasonable, and indeed its hard to imagine an alternative approach, but the two groups a
16、re not really comparable! All children have to learn at least one language; but few adults do. So the studies compare the situation of all children with that of the minority of adults motivated to formally learn other languages. Why? Why do children learn languages well, when even adults who want to
17、 learn them have trouble with them? Innate abilities aside, children have a number of powerful advantages: They can devote almost their full time to it. Adults consider half an hours study a day to be onerous. Their motivation is intense. Adults rarely have to spend much of their time in the company
18、 of people they need to talk to but cant children can get very little of what they want without learning language(s). Their peers are nastier. Embarrassment is a prime motivating factor for human beings (I owe this insight to Marvin Minskys The Society of Mind, but it was most memorably expressed by
19、 David Berlinski (in Black Mischief, p. 129), who noted that of all emotions, from rage to depression to first love, only embarrassment can recur, decades later, with its full original intensity). Dealing with a French waiter is nothing compared with the vicious reception in store for a child who sp
20、eaks funny. If adults could be placed in a similar situation, they might well learn languages as readily as children. The closest such situation is cross- cultural marriage. And indeed, this works quite well. My wife, for instance, a native Spanish speaker who came here in her late 20s, has learned
21、exceptional English, since we speak it at home. By contrast, some of her Spanish-speaking friends of the same age, married to other Spanish speakers, speak English haltingly and with a strong accent. 2 The passage gives a general explanation about the benefits of a cross cultural marriage. （ A） Y （
22、B） N （ C） NG 3 According to the author, children dont learn another language if they dont have to. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Unless children have other people in their lives who speak another language, they wont become fluent speakers in that language. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Children dont learn to sp
23、eak another language from their parents because at times, children dont get along with their parents. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Nearly everything we learn is through formal instruction. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Few studies find that adult language learners progress faster than children. （ A） Y （ B） N （
24、 C） NG 8 Some studies say that adults are better at learning phonetics than children. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Singletons studies compare the situation of all children with that of the _ of adults motivated to formally learn other languages. 10 Three advantages that children have over adults in langu
25、age learning include: _ , and _. 11 The closest situation to that of a childrens environment for adults is _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.
26、 Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Talk to his sister. （ B） Look at a map. （ C） Go on a diet. （ D） Tell the man
27、why. （ A） Do whatever has been planned. （ B） Have a picnic and go camping. （ C） Eat out and see a play. （ D） Go to the beach. （ A） The weather was better. （ B） The weather was a little bit warmer. （ C） The weather was a little bit colder. （ D） The weather was cooler than expected. （ A） Mr. Steward i
28、s honest. （ B） Mr. Steward looks honest. （ C） Mr. Steward looks dishonest. （ D） Mr. Steward is dishonest. （ A） He did quite well with it. （ B） He has money problem now. （ C） He is in need of qualified staff. （ D） He could not carry it on any more. （ A） $2.00. （ B） $6.00. （ C） $4.00. （ D） $5.00. （ A）
29、 They will spend the summer in Italy. （ B） They are both from Europe. （ C） They are both students. （ D） They are both interested in art. （ A） Not getting what she wants. （ B） A custom that is new to her. （ C） Calling up customers. （ D） Some of her good friends. （ A） He always stays up late. （ B） He
30、stayed up late that night to prepare for the exam the next day. （ C） He is on good terms with the storekeeper. （ D） He didnt have breakfast in the dinning hall that morning. （ A） He was criticized hy the teacher because he was late. （ B） He couldnt answer the question during the course. （ C） He forg
31、ot to pay for the bread. （ D） He didnt finish the assignment. （ A） The class begins at 8:00. （ B） The man managed to get to classroom on time. （ C） The man left his book in the store. （ D） The storekeeper came to the classroom, accompanied by Mr. Brown. （ A） She exceeded a school bus. （ B） She parke
32、d illegaIly near the school zone. （ C） She exceeded the speed limit. （ D） She ran into a school pupil. （ A） The driver didnt use her turn signals. （ B） The driver didnt come to a complete stop. （ C） The driver failed to yield to other drivers. （ D） The driver didnt horn to the passengers-by. （ A） Th
33、e license is only valid for 6 more months. （ B） The license is no longer valid. （ C） The driver is using someone elses license. （ D） The driver hid her license in the glove compartment. （ A） The driver gets a ticket. （ B） The officer arrests the driver. （ C） The driver is taken to court. （ D） The of
34、ficer frees the driver. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marke
35、d A, B, C and D. （ A） Working women who have no time for cooking. （ B） Husbands and children of working women. （ C） Working women who must travel on their own. （ D） Hotel personnel who must attend to working women. （ A） It provides space for dirty clothes. （ B） It is easy to remove. （ C） It can doub
36、le as a briefcase. （ D） It is usually big enough to carry all business documents. （ A） In a magazine specially for women. （ B） In a restaurant and hotel guide. （ C） In a news magazine. （ D） In a journal for top-ranking businessmen and women. （ A） In the early 1880s. （ B） Several decades. （ C） In 186
37、1. （ D） In 1865. （ A） Slavery. （ B） The fact that the North had more political power in Senate. （ C） Taxes. （ D） Different political power in the House of Representative. （ A） Because they deeded workers to raise cotton and tobacco. （ B） Because they thought slavery economy inhumane. （ C） Because th
38、ey wanted to unite their country. （ D） Because their pillar economy asked for more labor forces. （ A） A student. （ B） A librarian. （ C） A teacher. （ D） A part-time assistant. （ A） Both research and chores. （ B） Only to feed the birds. （ C） Only to clean cages. （ D） To dissect (解剖 ) pigeons. （ A） A m
39、onth later. （ B） Saturday. （ C） Two hours later. （ D） After the class. （ A） To be comfortable. （ B） To see her after the class. （ C） To be interested in her lesson. （ D） To study pigeons. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the fir
40、st time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For
41、these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Russia is the largest economic power that is not a member of the World Trade Organization. But that may change. Last Friday, the European Union said it would support Russia s【 B1】 _to be come a W. T. O. member.
42、 Representatives of the European Union met with Russian【 B2】 _in Moscow. They signed a trade agreement that took six years to【 B3】 _. Russia called the trade agreement【 B4】 _.It agreed to slowly increase fuel prices with in the country. It also agreed to permit【 B5】 _in its communications industry a
43、nd to remove some barriers to trade. In【 B6】 _for European support to join the W. T. O. , Russian President Putin said that Russia would speed up the【 B7】 _to approve the Kyoto Protocol, an international【 B8】_agreement to reduce the production of harmful industrial gases.【 B9】 _ Russia had signed th
44、e Kyoto Protocol, but has not yet approved it. The agreement takes effect when it has been approved by nations that produce at least 55 percent of the worlds greenhouse gases【 B10】 _. The United States, the world s biggest producer, withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol after President Bush took office i
45、n 2001. So, Russia s approval is required to put the Kyoto Protocol into effect. 【 B11】 _.Russia must still reach agreements with China, Japan, South Korea and the United States. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions
46、: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark t
47、he corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 When Louise Brown was born on 25 July 1978, she kicked off an era. The first “test tube baby“ is a mother herself now, and shes been joined by millions of othe
48、rs born with the【 S1】_of in vitro fertilization(体外受精 ), or IVF. Now specialists wonder whether people who were conceived by IVF are likely to be【 S2】 _. “By and large, the kids are just fine. Its not like the kids having【 S3】 _arms or heads,“ says Carmen Sapienza, a scientist at Temple University. B
49、ut none is older than their early 30s, and the vast【 S4】 _are under the age of 20, so they havent had time for long-term health problems to show up. One source of worry is that so many IVF babies have low birth weight. Children-conceived through IVF are more likely to【 S5】 _less than 2.5 kilograms than are babies conceived【 S6】_. That could spell trouble ahead, because low-birth-weight babies of
