1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 836及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On English Learning. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1你认为在英语学习过程中存在的主 要问题是什么？ 2导致这些问题的原因有哪些？ 3对于解决这些问题，你有何建议？ 二、 Part II Readin
2、g Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)
3、if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Time To Panic? Nobody needed to read George Bushs lips when he visited Russia recently as the guest of Goldman Sachs to mark the opening of the U.S. investment bank
4、s Moscow outpost. Bush declared his faith in “the power of freedom“ and of free markets. “I am optimistic,“ he proclaimed. “I believe Russia is going to thrive. “Bush may yet be proved right. But coming as the countrys stock market hit a new record low and interest rates leapt skyward, the former Pr
5、esidents speech was ill-timed. For anyone who has invested in Russia, this is the summer of sleepless nights as the dreaded word devalvatsiya-Russian for devaluation makes an unwelcome comeback. “Its taboo to say it,“ says one prominent Russian banker, “but this threat hangs over us like a nightmare
6、.“ Last week, Finance Minister Mikhail Zadornov declared devaluation unavoidable unless tax collection improves “by a third“ in the coming months. With billions of dollars in unpaid taxes, the government has launched yet another desperate crackdown on tax evaders, even freezing the assets of the cou
7、ntry s top debtor, gas giant Gazprom which owes some $ 2.5 billion. The showdown was dramatic, with the tax police storming Gazproms Moscow skyscraper and salivating over its vast collection of yachts, planes and holiday villas. But within hours, the confrontation was over. On Friday, Gazproms CEO R
8、em Vyakhirev won a private audience with President Boris Yeltsin, where he defused attempts to rip up the agreement granting him control of 35 % of the states 40% stake in Gazprom and promised, in due time, to pay off the debt. But as every sentient observer knows, the clock is ticking fast. “When t
9、reasury bill rates rise to 80 %, it means we re in a pre-collapse state,“ says Vladimir Potanin, so-called oligarch and founder of Unexim Bank, one of Russias largest. “Its logical what could come next: devaluation, the crash of the banking system, huge lines of people trying to get their money out,
10、 unpaid wages and heightened social tension.“ Everybody agrees that a devaluation would devastate Russia as it struggles to retain its fragile financial credibility earned over six years of haphazard reform. Particularly hard hit would be Russia s banking system, which has debts of at least $ ,200 b
11、illion and dangerously few assets. What assets the banks do have could be wiped out thanks to their exposure to so-called “dollar forward contracts“ signed with Western banks. “If there s a devaluation,“ says Potanin, “it s clear that there is this massive amount of future obligations that will have
12、 to be paid off, and of course the method will be by defaulting.“ Little wonder then that the crisis has reduced Russias financial elite, once a pride of chest-beating fat cats, to a threatened species screeching about the coming apocalypse. Their counterparts in the political arena are no less pani
13、cked. On June 23, Yeltsin warned his opponents in parliament that if an austerity package was not passed before they recessed on July 16, he would resort to “other means-a hint that he would rule by decree. Yet last week, the Russian President informed his subjects and stunned international observer
14、s: “We have no crisis.“ Yeltsin may be the only person in Russia who believes that, as devaluation rumors hit fever pitch. “This week,“ predicts a top financial journalist, who boasts close ties to the Central Bank. Even as they brace for the coming storm, many are looking to the International Monet
15、ary Fund to save the day. After twice delaying it, on June 25 the IMF, citing its faith in the cabinet of Prime Minister Sergei Kiriyenko, released a $ 670 million tranche of a previous $ 9.2 billion credit. But Russias chances for a world-class bailout-the $ 10-15 billion that Anatoli Chubais, Yelt
16、sins envoy to the IMF talks, deems the bare minimum Russia needs to escape catastrophe-look slim. In the meantime, Kiriyenko is fighting to hang on to his new job, and his blueprint for rescuing Russia. By midweek, the beleaguered Prime Minister had submitted his anti-crisis plan to the Duma includi
17、ng measures to cut corporate taxes and introduce a single value-added tax of 20%. The package, Western financial experts warned, is long on generalities, short on implementation. The Duma, however, has other ideas. Sergei Baburin, the Communist vice speaker, denounced the proposed laws as “lethal me
18、dicine cooked up by vengeful Western economists.“ Some optimists are looking to the long term. “We ve been able to get more cuts out of this new government,“ muses one IMF official in private, “than we did from the Chernomyrdin government in the last three years.“ But in the short term, the crisis t
19、hreatens to consume everything in its path. Among those clamoring loudest for a bailout are the Western bankers who find themselves embarrassingly exposed. Of Russia s $ 72.2 billion in outstanding loans, German banks alone hold $ 30.5 billion. At home, the so-called oligarchs are also running scare
20、d. With the conflagration encroaching, they have put aside personal rivalry to form a “cooperation council“ to advise Kiriyenko. But Yeltsin has yet to give his blessing to this “shadow cabinet.“ Although there have been no runs on Russian banks so far, there are reasons to fear a panic: the stock m
21、arket has plunged by 63% since January; Russias debt pyramid of compounding treasury bills has grown dangerously; interest rates hover above 80%; while more than a third of the budget goes to service the governments burgeoning debt. In July, Russia will have to pay out $ 6.5 billion to redeem maturi
22、ng loans, while cash reserves have sunk to $ 11.5 billion. The government is finding it difficult to raise new funds and has had to cancel its latest treasury bill auctions. “No one believes in this paper,“ says the head of one of Russias largest banks. Those fretting the loudest may be the foreigne
23、rs-the fund managers and deal makers who rail against the “fools in Washington“ who tend to Asia s woes while ignoring Russia s. They warn darkly of the danger of “losing Russia.“ Without help from abroad, they claim, the pro-reform Kiriyenko cabinet will fall and in the post-crash wake a “nationali
24、st-patriot will rise. A dark scenario, but one taken seriously of late. As a senior IMF official, whod love to see Western governments give large loans to Russia, puts it: “No doubt about it, a bailout is expensive, but it s our cheapest insurance policy.“ Maybe, but just the premiums on such a poli
25、cy could prove extortionate. 2 Privatization of the banking system makes devaluation unnecessary. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Devaluation will cause the crash of the banking system. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 If theres a devaluation, the Russian banks will afford to pay off the massive, amount of future ob
26、ligations. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The crisis has reduced Russias financial elites economic benefits. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The writer compare President Yeltsin to a king by using the words “private audience“ and “subjects“. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Yeltsins envoy to the IMF talks show Russia will
27、get more help from the INF. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The sales of banks to foreigners will cause a panic. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 To counter the coming economic crisis, many are expecting to seek help from_. 10 To pay the debts which are due in July, Russia will have to pay out a sum of_. 11 The fore
28、igners who advocate to give large loans to Russia are the_ Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be sp
29、oken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） He likes this bands music very much. （ B） He dislikes this bands music. （ C） He listened to the music but found them common. （ D
30、） He listened to the music two months ago. （ A） Holding back reward. （ B） Delivering ones potentials. （ C） Closing the motivation gap. （ D） Expecting a reward from employees. （ A） Reward. （ B） Recognition. （ C） Reliability. （ D） Responsibility. （ A） Say to them that you trust them. （ B） Make them in
31、vest freely and more in your company. （ C） Let them own your company. （ D） Trust them, recognize their work with a reward. （ A） They should be defensive and angry. （ B） They should try hard to reach a compromise. （ C） They should sit back and take five or six deep breaths. （ D） They should ask someo
32、ne else to settle their differences. （ A） Make interruptions. （ B） Look cheerfully. （ C） Remain quiet. （ D） Express his opinions immediately. （ A） The best relationship between co-workers. （ B） A third way of accomplishing goals. （ C） Useful information to be shared among co-workers. （ D） Heated dis
33、cussion between the co-workers. （ A） Reaching a compromise is the solution to quarreling. （ B） Reaching a compromise is difficult even between good friends. （ C） Three steps to reach a compromise. （ D） The outcome that a compromise might bring about. Section B Directions: In this section, you will h
34、ear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） 3. （ B） 4. （ C） 6. （ D） 8. （ A） Art. （ B） Law. （ C）
35、 Science. （ D） Education. （ A） Roman law was so advanced that other nations adopted Roman legal principles. （ B） Some Roman-built structures are still standing. （ C） Roman superiority began to decline in the fourth century A. D. （ D） The ancient Romans were talented in many areas. （ A） To make newsp
36、apers sell at low prices. （ B） To make newspapers run profitably. （ C） To make their products known to more people. （ D） To sell their products at low prices. （ A） Weather reports and film guides. （ B） Book reviews and advertisements. （ C） The importance of newspapers. （ D） World news and important
37、happenings. （ A） The importance of reading newspapers. （ B） Why do people read newspapers? （ C） Newspapers and advertisements. （ D） Why are newspapers developed fast? （ A） Children of 4 or 5 years old can learn more quickly. （ B） The earlier they are taught reading, the better. （ C） Home-teaching of
38、 reading is most effective. （ D） Pronunciation should be taught together with spelling. （ A） She was driving along a country road. （ B） She was lying near a lonely road, trembling. （ C） She was lying in a hospital bed. （ D） She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor. （ A） She was attacked by r
39、obbers. （ B） She was stopped by a policeman. （ C） She was forced to enter a flying saucer. （ D） She fainted due to the effects of some drug. （ A） The woman made up an astonishing story. （ B） The woman had intended to leave her husband without telling him. （ C） The woman had been dishonest to her hus
40、band. （ D） The woman had been taken a long distance away from her home. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are req
41、uired to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 29 The【 B1】 _of closed-circui
42、t television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is【 B2】 _to visualize “the school of tomorrow.“ Televised lessons will【 B3】 _from a central building having perhaps four or five master【 B4】 _. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire coun
43、try. After a televised lesson has beer given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up“ period. The students will ask any【 B5】 _. questions, and difficult points will be【 B6】 _up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have【 B7】 _electronic tools. On the te
44、achers desk, the【 B8】 _bright red apple will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel and magnetic tape players.【 B9】 _. The lessons will be specifically changed to the students levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history,【 B10】 _【 B11】 _In this way, the teacher
45、 will be able to conduct three classes at the same time 30 【 B1】 31 【 B2】 32 【 B3】 33 【 B4】 34 【 B5】 35 【 B6】 36 【 B7】 37 【 B8】 38 【 B9】 39 【 B10】 40 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of ch
46、oices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank m
47、ore than once. 40 For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some London s biggest dailies, it is understood that when two【 S1】 _quarrel over three jobs, the argument is【 S2】 _by giving each union two. That means 33 percen
48、t over manning, 33 percent less productivity than could be obtained. A reporter who has visited plants【 S3】 _Europe has an impression that the pace of work is much slower here. Nobody tries too hard. Tea breaks do matter and are frequent. It is hard to【 S4】 _intensity of work, but Britons give a dis
49、tinct impression of going at their tasks in a more leisurely way. But is all this so【 S5】 _? It certainly does not improve the gross national product or output per worker. Those observant visitors, however, have【 S6】_something else about Britain. It is a pleasant place. Street crowds in Stockholm. Paris and New York move【 S7】 _and silently heads down, all in a hurry. London crowds tend to
