1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 89及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Application for a Student Loan You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你是高鹏，是英语系的新生，请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申请信。申请信的内
2、容须包括以下几点： 1提出申请 2申请的理由 3恳请批准 A Letter of Application for a Student Loan 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y
3、 (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Landfills You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and yo
4、u throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You dont think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You dont have to think a
5、bout that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up. Americans generate trash at an astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person, which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almos
6、t twice as much trash per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled(回收利用 ) or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills. How Much Trash Is Generated? Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United State
7、s annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled(glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted(做成堆肥 ) yard waste. The remaining trash, which is mostly unrecyclable, is discarded. How Is Trash Disposed of? The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1
8、960. This flash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried in landfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries(Unite
9、d Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills. What Is a Landfill? There are two ways to bury trash: Dump an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various anim
10、als(rats, mice, birds). This is most peoples idea of a landfill! Landfill carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment(groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil
11、. Sanitary landfill landfill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment Municipal solid waste(MSW) landfill landfill that uses a synthetic(plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment. The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isol
12、ated from groundwater, wall be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose(腐烂 ) much. A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly. Proposing the Landfill For a landfill, to b
13、e built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill. In the United States, taking care of trash and b
14、uilding landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environmental impact study must be done on the proposed site to determine: the area of land necessary for the landfill the composition of the underlying soil and bedrock the flow of sur
15、face water over the site the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlife the historical value of the proposed site Building the Landfill Once the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. First,
16、 access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist. These roads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation(环卫 ) services and the general public. After roads have been built, digging can begin. In the North Wake County Landfall, the landfill began 10 feet below the
17、road surface. What Happens to Trash in a Landfill? Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug up or sampled, 40-
18、year-old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years! How Is a Landfill Operated? A landfill, such as the No
19、rth Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill. Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials(aluminum cans, gl
20、ass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled. As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fee
21、s for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million, and part of that comes from tipping fees. Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materia
22、ls that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled. In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals(paints, pesticides, other chemicals
23、) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants. Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runo
24、ff collection pond and methane(甲烷 ) station. Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane. 2 The passage
25、 gives a general description of the structure and use of a landfill. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Most of the trash that Americans generate ends up in landfills. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Compared with other major industrialized countries, America buries a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landf
26、ills. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Landfills are like compost piles in that they speed up decomposition of the buried trash. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 In most countries the selection of a landfill site is governed by rules and regulations. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 In the United States the building of landfi
27、lls is the job of both federal and local governments. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Hazardous wastes have to be treated before being dumped into landfills. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Typical customers of a landfill are _. 10 To dispose of a ton of trash in a landfill, customers have to pay a tipping fee of _
28、. 11 Materials that are not permitted to be buried in landills should be dumped at _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation a
29、nd the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Reading. （ B） Writing. （ C） Speaking. （ D） Grammar. （ A） At a restaurant. （ B） At a hotel. （ C） At a
30、bank. （ D） At a friends house. （ A） She could help him with the problems. （ B） He should go out for a while. （ C） She could go out together with him. （ D） He should do the problems himself. （ A） After class. （ B） At 11:00. （ C） At 10:00. （ D） At 10:30. （ A） In September. （ B） In July. （ C） In August
31、. （ D） In June. （ A） A cat and a dog. （ B） A cat. （ C） A dog. （ D） Any pet. （ A） The woman enjoyed the TV program. （ B） The man didnt like the TV program. （ C） The woman didnt want to listen to the music. （ D） The man put on a record. （ A） Dentist. （ B） Physician. （ C） Physicist. （ D） Surgeon. （ A）
32、To play basketball with friends from work. （ B） To try out for the company baseball team. （ C） To get in shape and compete in a cycling race. （ D） To join in a basketball club. （ A） She is worried her husband will spend too much time away from home. （ B） She is afraid her husband will become a fitne
33、ss freak. （ C） She is concerned about her husbands health. （ D） She is worded about her husbands job. （ A） He should consume less salt. （ B） He should eat less fatty foods. （ C） He should add more protein products to his diet. （ D） He should consult to doctors more frequently. （ A） Shes in a meeting
34、. （ B） Shes out of the office. （ C） Shes talking with another customer. （ D） Shes on the way to the past office. （ A） Information on after-sales service. （ B） Some pictures about the newest computers. （ C） A list of software products. （ D） A model of the newest computers. （ A） He is a computer suppl
35、ier. （ B） He is a computer designer. （ C） He is a computer repairman. （ D） He is a computer technician. （ A） 650-1288. （ B） 650-1388. （ C） 650-1363 （ D） 650-1633 Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the
36、passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Happy. （ B） Angry. （ C） Embarrassed. （ D） Indifferent. （ A） 400. （ B） 4,000. （ C） 14,000. （ D） 40, 000. （ A） Local community. （ B） Advertise
37、ment agent. （ C） Labor market. （ D） Administrative office. （ A） Why does the dog like to attack the cat? （ B） Can we make peace between dogs and cats and how? （ C） The mystery of animals prey drive. （ D） A better understanding of our dogs. （ A） Because their owners are impatient. （ B） Because they h
38、ate cats very much. （ C） Because they have a higher prey drive. （ D） Because they are not obedient. （ A） By hitting the dog when he attacks the eat. （ B） By separating them when they fight. （ C） By giving him extra favor when he is with the cat. （ D） By tying them together with a rope. （ A） In Bosto
39、n. （ B） In America. （ C） In the Peak District. （ D） In a big world. （ A） Peak and London. （ B） New York and a village. （ C） Boston and New York. （ D） Chicago and Boston. （ A） The birth of her two children. （ B） Working hard. （ C） A hectic social life. （ D） The fields and hills. （ A） Only her old fri
40、ends. （ B） Only her parents and teachers. （ C） Her colleagues from work. （ D） New people as well as old friends. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage
41、 is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or wri
42、te down the 37 The Book of Poems was a book of the poems and songs appearing between the early Zhou Dynasty and the middle of the Spring-Autumn Period. It was 【 B1】 _ around the sixth century B.C. Altogether the book 【 B2】 _ three hundred and five poems. The whole book was 【 B3】 _ into three section
43、s: the Feng section, the Ya section and the Song section. The Feng section poems were the 【 B4】 _ songs of various states. The Ya section poems were music pieces in the territory of the Zhou kings. The Song poems were words to ghosts, and often with 【 B5】 _. The book has rich contents and 【 B6】 _, a
44、nd academic values in various aspects. Many works in the Book of Poems reflected the actual social trends of that time via the aspirations and feelings of the writers and the singers. Many writers write in order to 【 B7】 _ their political purposes. In some poems, the writers 【 B8】 _ the king with a
45、question “The state is a mess. Why dont you care?“ 【 B9】 _. They showed the realistic characteristics of the ancient Chinese literature. Besides its political purposes, the Book of Poems also reflected the joy and anger, happiness and sadness of the ordinary people. 【 B10】 _ and expressed their hope
46、 for a good life. In this book, there were also many love poems. 【 B11】_. The book is always kept as a treasure in the ancient Chinese literature. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a pa
47、ssage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each
48、 item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 48 When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any part of it, they may cheer themselves by remembering that life need not 【 S1】 _ closely the life that
49、exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like us could exist, and even this is 【 S2】 _. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present that they do not. Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a 【 S3】 _ an
