1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 945及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Students Running an Online Shop 1现在不少大学生在网上开店 2对此有人支持，有人反对 3你的看法 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions atta
2、ched to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The History of Labor Day Lab
3、or Day: How it Came About; What it Means “Labor Day differs in every essential way from the other holidays of the year in any country,“ said Samuel Gompers, founder and longtime president of the American Federation of Labor. “All other holidays are in a more or less degree connected with conflicts a
4、nd battles of mans power over man, of strife and discord for greed and power, of glories achieved by one nation over another. Labor Day is devoted to no man, living or dead, to no sect, race, or nation.“ Labor Day, the first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated t
5、o the social and economic achievements of American workers. It constitutes a yearly national tribute to the contributions workers have made to the strength, prosperity, and well-being of our country. Founder of Labor Day More than 100 years after the first Labor Day observance, there is still some d
6、oubt as to who first proposed the holiday for workers. Some records show that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a cofounder of the American Federation of Labor, was first in suggesting a day to honor those “who from rude nature have delved and carve
7、d all the grandeur we behold.“ But Peter McGuires place in Labor Day history has not gone unchallenged. Many believe that Matthew Maguire, a machinist, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. Recent research seems to support the contention that Matthew Maguire, later the secretary of Local 344 of th
8、e International Association of Machinists in Paterson, N.J., proposed the holiday in 1882 while serving as secretary of the Central Labor Union in New York. What is clear is that the Central Labor Union adopted a Labor Day proposal and appointed a committee to plan a demonstration and picnic. The Fi
9、rst Labor Day The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883. In 1884 the first Monday in September
10、was selected as the holiday, as originally proposed, and the Central Labor Union urged similar organizations in other cities to follow the example of New York and celebrate a “workingmens holiday“ on that date. The idea spread with the growth of labor organizations, and in 1885 Labor Day was celebra
11、ted in many industrial centers of the country. Labor Day Legislation Through the years the nation gave increasing emphasis to Labor Day. The first governmental recognition came through municipal ordinances passed during 1885 and 1886. From them developed the movement to secure state legislation. The
12、 first state bill was introduced into the New York legislature, but the first to become law was passed by Oregon on February 21, 1887. During the year four more states-Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York created the Labor Day holiday by legislative enactment. By the end of the decade C
13、onnecticut, Nebraska, and pennsylvania had followed suit. By 1894, 23 other states had adopted the holiday in honor of workers, and on June 28 of that year, Congress passed an act making the first Monday in September of each year a legal holiday in the District of Columbia and the territories. A Nat
14、ionwide Holiday The form that the observance and celebration of Labor Day should take were outlined in the first proposal of the holiday a street parade to exhibit to the public “the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor organizations“ of the community, followed by a festival for the r
15、ecreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by prominent men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civic significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the Am
16、erican Federation of Labor convention of 1909, the Sunday preceding Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement. The character of the Labor Day celebration has undergone a change in recent years, especially in large industrial ce
17、nters where mass displays and huge parades have proved a problem. This change, however, is more a shift in emphasis and medium of expression. Labor Day addresses by leading union officials, industrialists, educators, clerics and government officials are given wide coverage in newspapers, radio, and
18、television. Children and teenagers-A Major Victim to Employers Exploitations. Despite all the brouhaha(喧闹 ) the labor market is still common in instances of exploitation of unorganized laborers, especially the children and teenagers. True that the Fair Labor Standards Act(FLSA), 1938, provides for a
19、 minimum wage and overtime pay and places strict limits on child labor. True, President Clinton has proposed to raise the minimum wage for this underprivileged(下层社会 ) to 6.15 per hour soon. Yet despite this raise the payment would work out to be far less than the monthly average hourly wage for prod
20、uction workers. It is also hard fact every year several hundred thousand unrepresented American employees are discharged without proper causes. Despite the social and political power enjoyed by the labor organizations Job security has turned out to be a pass6. In fact as the American labor movement
21、crosses the second century it is confronted with more challenges than cheers. Trend The American labor movement has historically derived its organizational strength from the Northern blue-collar workers. Today things have changed drastically. As the US continues its transformation into a post-indust
22、rial society with knowledge-edge the job as well as the labor profile has changed quite a lot. Keeping pace with these changes the number of white collar and service positions has increased while the number of blue collar production jobs has shrunk sizably. Acc6rdingly, the condition of the organize
23、d labor force in the US has improved compared to that of their brethren(同胞 ) some hundred years ago. The government extends newer benefits to help American workers acquire the skills and get the information they need to succeed in the 21st Century. Recently Vice President A1 Gore announced a new web
24、site, www.workers.gov, that connects workers and their families to government services and information. The galloping pace with which this unorganized labor force is growing has become a cause of concern. Unions now represent about 13 per cent of the work force. Thanks to the changed psyche-the grow
25、ing awareness of the possibilities for individual advancement and the tendency to dissociate ones future from collective actions. Consequently, there has been an alarming fall in the membership of the labor unions over the recent past. This decline in union strength has deprived most workers of mean
26、ingful collective representation. However, if labor organizations become ineffective, many of the employees will exploit the situation. If there is no statutory minimum wage, many workers, especially those with little or no bargaining power would be subject to the whims of market and would be forced
27、 to accept earnings that are considered socially unacceptable. Finally in the absence of total labor movement the federal and the state legislators will be less inclined to support statutes protecting workers interests. 2 Labor Day is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American wor
28、kers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The exact founder of Labor Day is not given clearly in the passage. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in Chicago. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The first legislation of Labor Day was passed by Oregon on February
29、21, 1885. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Different countries observe Labor Day in different ways. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The American labor movement has historically derived its organizational strength from the Northern white-collar workers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 A new website, www.workers.gov connects
30、workers and their families to government services and information. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 _ is the founder and longtime president of the American Federation of Labor. 10 The form that the observance and celebration of Labor Day is _. 11 President Clinton has proposed to raise the minimum wage for t
31、his underprivileged to _ per hour. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After ea
32、ch question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She strongly disagrees with the man. . （ B） She knows neither Steven nor his father at all. （ C） She also admires Stevens relationship with his father.
33、（ D） She also has a close relationship with her daughter now. （ A） At a music store. （ B） At the post office. （ C） In a German class. （ D） On the Internet. （ A） Be on time. （ B） Take a small gift. （ C） Smile and be friendly. （ D） Take some flowers. （ A） Shake her hands. （ B） Give her a friendly hug.
34、 （ C） Take her some flowers. （ D） Call her Claudia. 16 What do we learn about a“smart“car according to the woman? （ A） It uses new technology. （ B） It is installed with a robot. （ C） It is as clever as human. （ D） It can talk with people. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short
35、passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） How to increase farm land. （ B） What is the biggest problem in
36、agriculture. （ C） How to satisfy the needs of the farmers. （ D） A solution to problems in land use. （ A） To bring more state-owned land into paid land-use contract. （ B） To be used for non-agricultural matters. （ C） To increase land available for agriculture. （ D） To regulate land use. （ A） This eff
37、ort will apprise lands use rights before contracting lease. （ B） Add to the State revenue. （ C） Improve the management of the land. （ D） Ensure the best use of land resources and control its redistribution. （ A） Human brains differ considerably. （ B） The brain a person is born with is important in d
38、etermining his intelligence. （ C） An environmentally handicapped person wont attain his due level of intelligence. （ D） Environment is important in determining a persons intelligence. （ A） 85. （ B） 100. （ C） 110. （ D） 125 （ A） It can be predicted at birth. （ B） It stays the same throughout his life.
39、 （ C） It can be increased by education. （ D） It is inherited from his parents. （ A） The beginning of Spring. （ B） The day before the New Year day. （ C） The New Year day. （ D） The day after the New Year day. （ A） Other beasts. （ B） Any prey on the earth. （ C） Peoples domestic animals. （ D） The mans o
40、pponents. （ A） Observing the conquest of “Nian“. （ B） Scare the beast “Nian“. （ C） A form to thank the old man. （ D） Red is the festival color. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its
41、 general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact w
42、ords you have just heard or write down the 26 Some people believe that you have to be a special kind of person to sell a product. But although it is clear that a successful salesman does need special talents, and a【 B1】personality, many of the skills he uses are used by us all: we build and【 B2】rela
43、tionships with different kinds of people, and we listen to and take【 B3】 of what they tell us and dont just enjoy the sound of our own【 B4】 A firm may depend on their own sales team and/or on the salesmanship of their distributors, wholesalers or【 B5】 . But any company needs to establish a personal
44、relationship with its major clients (key accounts) and potential customers (【 B6】 ). It is often said that people do business with people. A firm doesnt just【 B7】 impersonally with another firm, but a person in the buying department receives personal visits from people【 B8】 the firms suppliers on a
45、regular basis or in the case of department stores or chain stores, a team of buyers may travel around visiting suppliers. Keeping sales people “on the road“ is much more expensive than employing them to work in the office and much of their time is spent unproductively traveling.【 B9】 .【 B10】 . Servi
46、cing overseas customers may consequently often be done by phone, telex or letter and personal visits may be infrequent.【 B11】 26 【 B1】 27 【 B2】 28 【 B3】 29 【 B4】 30 【 B5】 31 【 B6】 32 【 B7】 33 【 B8】 34 【 B9】 35 【 B10】 36 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks
47、. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single l
48、ine through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 36 It turns out that measuring the distance to a star is an interesting problem! Astronomers have【 S1】 _up with two different techniques to estimate how far away any given star is. The first【 S2】 _uses triangulation
49、(三角测量 ). The Earths【 S3】_around the sun has a diameter of about 186 million miles(300 million kilometers ). By looking at a star one day and then looking at it again 6 months later, an astronomer can see a【 S4】 _in the viewing angle for the star. With a little trigonometry(三角学 ), the different angles yield a distance. This technique【 S5】 _for stars within about 400 light years of earth. There is no direct method currently【 S6】 _to measure the distance to stars【 S7】 _than 400 lig
