1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 972及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Should CoUege Students Have a Credit Card? 1目前，许多在校大学生都拥有一张甚至几张信用卡 2大学生使用信用卡的范围 3你认为大学生是否有必要持有信用卡 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quic
2、kly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passag
3、e. 1 Genetic Testing Genetic testing is transforming medicine and the way families think about their health. As science uncovers the complicated secrets of DNA, we face difficult choices and new challenges. About Genetic Testing The year was 1895 and Pauline Gross, a young actress, was scared. Gross
4、 knew nothing about the human-genome (基因组，染色体组 ) project-such medical triumphs, but she did know about a nasty disease called cancer, and it was running through her family. “Im healthy now,“ she often told Dr. Aldred Warthin a pathologist at the University of Michigan, “but I fully expect to die an
5、early death.“ At the time, Grosss prediction was based solely on observation: family members had died of cancer; she would, too. Today, more than 100 years later, Grosss relatives have a much more clinical option: genetic testing. With a simple blood test, they can peer into their own DNA, learning-
6、while still perfectly healthy-whether they carry an inheritable gene mutation (突变 ) that has dogged their family for decades and puts them at serious risk. Take the Testing Testing is just one piece of the genomic revolution. A major goal is to create new sophisticated therapies that home in on a di
7、seases biological source, then fix the problem. Already, genes are helping to predict a patients response to existing medications. A prime example, taken by Dr. Wylie Burke of the University of Washington, is a variant of a gene called TPMT, which can lead to life-threatening reactions to certain do
8、ses of chemotherapy (化学疗法 ). A genetic test can guide safe and appropriate treatment. Two genes have been identified that influence a persons response to some anti-blood-clotting drug. And scientists are uncovering genetic differences in the way people respond to other widely used medications, like
9、antidepressants (搞抑郁药 ). Knowing a patients genotype, or genetic profile, may also help researchers uncover new preventive therapies for sticky diseases. At Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Dr. Christopher Ross has tested several compounds shown to slow the progression of Huntingtons in
10、mice. Now he wants to test them in people who are positive for the Huntingtons mutation but have not developed symptoms-a novel approach to clinical drug trials, which almost always involve sick people seeking cures. “Were using genetics to move from treating the disease after it happens,“ he says,
11、“to preventing the worst symptoms of the disease before it happens.“ Its not just their own health that people care about. There is also the desire to get rid of disease from the family tree. Therefore, the future is what drives many adults to the clinic. The gene tests currently offered for certain
12、 diseases, like breast cancer, affect only a small percentage of total cases. Inherited mutations contribute to just 5 to 10 percent of all breast cancers. But the impact on a single life can be huge. The key: being able to do something to ward off disease. “Genetic testing offers us profound insigh
13、t,“ says Dr. Stephen Gruber, of the University of Michigan. “But it has to be balanced with our ability to care for these patients.“ Genetic testing today starts at the earliest stages of life. Couples planning to have children can be screened prior to conception to see if they are carriers of genet
14、ic diseases; prenatal (产前 ) tests are offered during pregnancy, and states now screen newborns for as many as 29 conditions, the majority of them genetic disorders. For Jana and Tom Monaco, of Woodbridge, Va. , early testing has made an enormous difference in the lives of their children. Their journ
15、ey began in 2001, when their seemingly healthy third child, 3-year-old Stephen, developed a life-threatening stomach virus that led to severe brain damage. His diagnosis: a rare but treatable disease called isovaleric acidemia (IVA). Unknowingly, Jana and her husband were carriers of the disease, an
16、d at thc time, IVA was not included in newborn screening. The Monacos had no warning whatsoever. Not Take the Testing Genetic testing, exciting as it may seem, isnt always the answer. When Wendy Uhlmann, a genetic counselor at the University of Michigan, teaches medical students, she flashes two sli
17、des on a screen side by side. One says ignorance is bliss (福佑 ). The other: knowledge is power. Thats because the value of testing becomes especially ambiguous- and ethically complicated- when there is no way to prevent or treat disease, as in the case of early-onset Alzheimers, which often strikes
18、before the age of 50. or Huntingtons. Today only about 5 Percent of people who are at risk for Huntingtons-which is caused by a single gene and leads to a progressive loss of physical control and mental acuity-take the test. Many are worried that genetic testing will put their health insurance or jo
19、b security at risk. While there have been few documented cases of discrimination, nobody can say for sure what will happen as more disease genes are discovered and more Americans sign on for predictive testing. States have a patchwork of regulations in place, but what needs to happen now, experts sa
20、y, is for Congress to pass the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, which would put a federal stamp of approval on keeping genetic information safe. Moreover, some people cant live with uncertainty. Stephanie Vogt knew Huntingtons ran in her family-her grandfather and his three brothers all di
21、ed of complications of the disease-and she wanted to find out where she stood. “As soon as 1 found out there was a test. I just had to do it,“ she says. In August 2000, after comprehensive genetic counseling, Stephanie, her sister, Victoria, and their mother, Gayle Smith, learned her results: positi
22、ve. “It was like a scene out of The Matrix, where everything freezes and struts again,“ says Stephanie, now 35 and single. Scientific revolutions must be tempered by reality. Genes arent the only factors involved in complex diseases-lifestyle and environmental influences, such as diet or smoking, ar
23、e too. And predictions about new tests and treatments may not come to pass as fast as researchers hope-they may not come at all. Still, its hard not to get excited about the future, especially when you consider the medical competition now underway. 2 Pauline Gross felt scared because she thought she
24、 would die of_. （ A） stroke （ B） cancer （ C） SARS （ D） AIDS 3 Genetic testing can be used to decide whether a patient has the inheritable gene mutation by peering into their_. （ A） blood cell （ B） lung cell （ C） liver cell （ D） DNA 4 The major purpose of genetic testing in medication is to_. （ A） pr
25、edict the death rate of inheritable disease （ B） predict: a patients response to medication （ C） find out the biological source and fix the problem （ D） guide safe and appropriate treatment 5 What have Christopher Ross experimental results revealed to us? （ A） Those inheritable diseases may be cured
26、 through genetic testing. （ B） Those inheritable diseases may be predicted through genetic testing, （ C） Those inheritable diseases may be prevented through genetic testing. （ D） Those inheritable diseases may be controlled through genetic testing. 6 How many people with breast cancer are inherited
27、from family tree? （ A） 5 to 10 percent. （ B） 10 percent. （ C） About 15 percent. （ D） 5 percent. 7 Couples planning to have children can take prenatal genetic tests to know_. （ A） whether their babies are genetically healthy or not （ B） whether they can have a baby （ C） when their babies will come in
28、to the world （ D） whether their babies are boy or girl babies 8 According to the passage, what is Wendy Uhlmanns attitude toward genetic testing? （ A） She is indifferent to it. （ B） She does not agrees with it at all. （ C） She has no idea about it. （ D） She has some doubts about it. 9 Many choose no
29、t to take the genetic testing because they worried that it will risk their_. 10 In August 2000, Stephanie Vogt learned she got the disease of_. 11 From the last paragraph, we know many, factors involved in complex diseases, such as gene, lifestyle and_. Section A Directions: In this section, you wil
30、l hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choic
31、es marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Satisfied. （ B） Joyful. （ C） Patient. （ D） Discouraged. （ A） Its hard to make dreams come true. （ B） People shouldnt waste money. （ C） He always worries about his money. （ D） He hasnt saved enough money yet. （ A） Reporting the loss o
32、f her cash. （ B） Losing her passports. （ C） Reporting the loss of her credit cards. （ D） Getting lost on her trip. （ A） Jill has recovered. （ B） Jill resists practicing. （ C） Jill is a weak girl. （ D） Jill should have a rest. （ A） The dog isnt as lovely as the man says. （ B） She doesnt want the man
33、to take the dog home. （ C） She prefers to have a cat as a pet. （ D） She doesnt like animals. （ A） The man doesnt seem to be concerned much about the exams. （ B） The woman is looking forward to the winter vacation. （ C） The man and the woman have different understanding about the exams. （ D） The man
34、is quite worried about the final exams. （ A） A handbag. （ B） A dress. （ C） A watch. （ D） A pair of shoes. （ A） He doesnt know how to cook. （ B） He always eats at the school canteen. （ C） He is too busy to have dinners on time. （ D） He is not allowed to cook at his apartment. （ A） She is shy when spe
35、aking in front of people. （ B） She forgot to prepare the class. （ C） She made a serious mistake in front of people. （ D） She forgot to give a presentation. （ A） He looks like children. （ B） He feels very nervous when somebody is waiting for him. （ C） He likes history very much. （ D） He blushes frequ
36、ently. （ A） A common habit. （ B） A common behavior. （ C） A learned behavior. （ D） A learned habit. （ A） About some aspects of social life in Thailand. （ B） About some aspects of social life in Japan. （ C） About what prints are popular among teenagers in Thailand. （ D） About what prints are popular a
37、mong teenagers in Japan. （ A） Brown color. （ B） Black color. （ C） Dark color. （ D） Bright color. （ A） Samurai. （ B） Cookie Monster. （ C） Hello Kitty. （ D） Anime character. （ A） They usually listen to the radio at home. （ B） They usually play the guitar at home. （ C） They go out to dinner and drink b
38、eer. （ D） They usually play the piano at home. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
39、 the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because nobody knew his address. （ B） Because nobody knew his age. （ C） Because Penurys private life was a secret. （ D） Because Penury was still a bachelor at the age of forty-five. （ A） He did not spend money freely. （ B） He was always well-dressed. （ C）
40、 He had a luxurious car. （ D） He worked hard for a living. （ A） A photographer. （ B） A burglar. （ C） A reporter. （ D） A professor. （ A） Helping the needy to survive. （ B） Sharing risks of possible losses. （ C） Being compulsory in most countries. （ D） Covering differently according to different situa
41、tions. （ A） To tell us that accidents may take place at any time. （ B） To prove that buying insurance is a wasted investment. （ C） To prove that it is wise to spend money on insurance. （ D） To tell us that the sense of security is very important in driving. （ A） Car, retirement and life insurance. （
42、 B） Business, poverty and health insurance. （ C） Unemployment, home and life insurance. （ D） Possessions, disability and health insurance. （ A） Some Americans look down upon Asian-Americans. （ B） Some Americans blame China for the trade imbalance. （ C） Some Americans blame Japanese for the trade imb
43、alance and loss of jobs. （ D） Americans think that they lost their jobs because Asian-Americans have taken the job places. （ A） They try very hard to save money. （ B） They take part in the movement for more power. （ C） They put more of their energy into their business. （ D） They pay more attention t
44、o taking care of their families. （ A） They want to be more powerful than other American minorities. （ B） They want to gain more economic benefits. （ C） They want to be united into a new political force. （ D） They want to be absorbed into American culture. Section C Directions: In this section, you w
45、ill hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered fro
46、m 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 After retiring from 30 years of teaching, Ethbell Pepper could easily have decided to sit back and 【 B1】 _ and enjoy a peaceful 【 B2】 _. But t
47、hat kind of life is not for Ethbell Pepper. “I just wanted to do something 【 B3】 _. If you are going to 【 B4】 _ in life, do it. Dont just sit down and look out the window, “said she. At 68, she decided to become one of the 【 B5】 _ participants in a program at the University of California. The progra
48、m offers 【 B6】 _ housing and classes to people over sixty. She 【 B7】 _ up for a class called Human Relationships and 【 B8】 _ Society. “I taught my minority students in my English and drama classes in a high school for 29 years. But in this course, I found out a lot about other cultures I didnt know
49、then. 【 B9】 _.“ Older adults can add to the educational resources of the university by bringing with them a lot of valuable experience. 【 B10】 _. Young students may have fears of growing older. But 【 B11】 _. The younger students can begin to see aging as a natural part of living. 36 【 B1】 37 【 B2】 38 【 B3】 39 【 B4】 40 【 B5】 41 【 B6】 42 【 B7】 43 【 B8】 44 【 B9】 45 【 B10】 46 【 B11】 Section A Directions: I
