1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 975及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the President of the University about Improving the Sports Facilities on Campus. You should write no more than 120 words, and base your composition on
2、the outline given in Chinese below: 假设你是江林，请你写一封信给校长，建议改善本校体育设施状况，内容应涉及体育设施对大学生的重要性，目前学校体育设施的状况 (football ground， sports hall)等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quick
3、ly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage
4、. 2 Man and Nature The balance of nature is a delicate system of checks and counterchecks. Nature has its own way of checking the life and distribution of the different organisms and helping their growth. An epidemic may be considered natures way of checking population growth. Man in his attempt to
5、conquer nature and to utilize it to his advantage has interfered with the balance of nature, thereby creating problems of a complex nature. Natures ways of maintaining the balance are intricate and not easily understood and mans application of his scientific knowledge and techniques has upset this b
6、alance so much that today, being aware of the disastrous consequences, he takes measures against them. No animal or plant can live in isolation, for different organisms are parts of a vast dynamic complex of living things. As no man or community is self-sufficient, no organism can live by itself. Wh
7、en man interferes with the interdependence and interrelationships of the different organisms, he is, in effect, upsetting their balanced relationships and his action can have a chain reaction. If we prevent fish eggs from being deposited in a pond, we are allowing an unchecked growth of weeds. The w
8、aterfowl which feeds on tadpoles will look for alternatives, thereby tending to upset these balanced relationships. It is important that for the preservation of beauty in nature the balance of nature is maintained. Man for his own survival has to make his peace with plant and animal life, the size a
9、nd distribution of which he has interfered with. It is to be noted that in every plant and animal community there is a trend towards a balance between the different species. When each successive species is of the right number to maintain a constant population, a balance between the different species
10、 is maintained and this state is referred to as the climax stage. Man is forever upsetting the balance of the climax stage. He has added to the numbers of animals and plants that are useful to him. In the process he has unwittingly helped the increase in the number of insects and vermin and as a res
11、ult he has to wage a relentless war against them. If man continues to interfere with the balance of nature, it is possible that some animals and birds may soon become extinct. The indiscriminate hunting of whales has reduced the number of some species almost to the verge of extinction and internatio
12、nal laws have been drawn up to protect them. The balance of nature is to be maintained in order to prevent soil deterioration. Human intervention has altered the established relationship between the plants of an area and the soil of that area. Animals introduced by man, sheep and goats for example,
13、have led to widespread soil deterioration. By cutting down trees or by practising unsuitable systems of agriculture, man destroys the crumb structure of soil, thereby making it susceptible to erosion. Soil erosion results in loss of soil fertility and maintaining soil fertility is considered the big
14、gest problem facing mankind apart from the prevention of war. The increase in world population and the growth of civilisation have been the two major factors that have led man to cut down forests on an unprecedented scale and the erosion caused by the cutting down of huge areas of forests has result
15、ed in floods on a scale hitherto unknown. Soil erosion can whittle away soil fertility and if adequate and effective measures are not taken it can become a menacing spectre tearing at the prosperity of many countries. Pollution, in its different forms, interferes with the balance of nature. Water po
16、llution affects natures balance in oceans, lakes and rivers. Man-made pollution of water is due to, municipal sewage, dumping by factories and the depositing of pesticides. Solid wastes can permeate the soil and pollute lakes and rivers. Man has to adopt the philosophy of thrift by conserving natura
17、l resources and not destroying them by interfering with the balance of nature. He has to exploit natural resources, taking the environment as a whole. He has to practise fertilization, soil conservation and water management to make a balanced use of the resources of nature possible. 2 Natures ways o
18、f maintaining the balance are simple and easily understood. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Man should take the philosophy of thrift by conserving natural resources and not destroying them. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The example of tadpoles, fish eggs and waterfowl is used to show that the activities of man co
19、uld give rise to negative chain reactions. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 If man continues to interfere with the balance of nature, it is possible that man may soon become extinct. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 By upsetting the balance of the climax stage, man will encourage the indiscriminate hunting of whales
20、for food. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The balance of nature can prevent soil deterioration. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Water pollution cant affect natures balance in oceans, lakes and rivers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The balance of nature is to be maintained so as to prevent _. 10 According to the passage,
21、the peoples living of many countries could be seriously threatened by _. 11 We learn from the passage that to maintain the balance of nature, we will have to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one o
22、r more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Go to watch the baseball m
23、atch. （ B） Drive to work. （ C） Try to fix the car. （ D） Stop working and have some rest. （ A） The lack of water. （ B） The quality of water. （ C） The cost of water. （ D） The abundance of water. （ A） In a library. （ B） In a school. （ C） In a bookstore. （ D） In a publishers office. （ A） Travel. （ B） My
24、stery. （ C） History. （ D） Poetry. （ A） She has a copy of one of his books. （ B） He gave gifts to millions of people. （ C） He was a very wealthy man in his time. （ D） Sample of his writing is worth a lot of money. （ A） Do some research. （ B） Sell some of her books. （ C） Talk to some politicians. （ D）
25、 Sign her name in the book. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices m
26、arked A, B, C and D. （ A） A Statement of Financial Responsibility. （ B） A bank letter or statement. （ C） A proof of anyone who will help with payments from a bank （ D） A letter from the students high school. （ A） How to grow melons. （ B） How to bury a pot of water in the garden. （ C） How to use wate
27、r efficiently in a desert garden. （ D） How to water your plants. （ A） Its too dry to grow melons. （ B） Its a nice place to grow melons. （ C） lts too wet to grow anything. （ D） Its very dry, but melons grow well there. （ A） By burying a water-filled pot among the plants. （ B） With surface irrigation.
28、 （ C） With spray irrigation. （ D） By digging a ditch along the plants. （ A） In 1959. （ B） In 1867. （ C） In 1896. （ D） In 1872. （ A） A foolish thing. （ B） Seward s Folly. （ C） Johnsons Folly. （ D） President s Foolishness. （ A） Because it is hard to find natural resources. （ B） Because it is hopeless
29、to find natural resources. （ C） Because it is poor in natural resources. （ D） Because it is rich in natural resources. （ A） To study its importance in war. （ B） To study its volcanoes. （ C） To enjoy its freezing weather. （ D） To enjoy its beauty of nature. Section C Directions: In this section, you
30、will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered fr
31、om 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 25 Its difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. Its so vast, so deep, so【 B1】 _. Unfortunately, its not bottomless. Over fishing,【
32、 B2】 _with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and【 B3】 _their environment. Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermens means of living. At least 60【 B4】_of the worlds commercially important fish【 B5】 _are already over-fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments
33、have had to close down some areas of sea to【 B6】 _fishing. Big, high-tech fleets【 B7】 _that everything in their path is pulled out of the water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. Thats an【 B8】 _of more than 20 million metric tons every year. When you consid
34、er that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the size of the problem.【 B9】 _. In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time. True,【 B10】 _b
35、efore every ocean becomes a dead sea. 【 B11】 _then catch them in a way that doesnt kill other innocent sea life. 26 【 B1】 27 【 B2】 28 【 B3】 29 【 B4】 30 【 B5】 31 【 B6】 32 【 B7】 33 【 B8】 34 【 B9】 35 【 B10】 36 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are req
36、uired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through t
37、he center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 36 Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two bouts, perhaps【 S1】_ the talk with slides, writing up important information o
38、n the blackboard, distributing reading material and giving out【 S2】 _ . The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and【 S3】 _ what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the【 S4】
39、_ to understand. Most institutions provide courses which【 S5】 _ new students to develop the skills they need to be effective listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which【 S6】 _ learners to practice these skills independently. In all cases it is
40、 important to【 S7】 _ tile problem before actually starting your studies. It is important to【 S8】 _ that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of【 S9】 _ these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institu
41、tions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic【 S10】 _ is to find a study partner with whom it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support. A assignments B ignore C assist D suspects E require F wonders G enable H illustrating I overcoming J students K acknowl
42、edge L content M suggestion N tackle O strategy 37 【 S1】 38 【 S2】 39 【 S3】 40 【 S4】 41 【 S5】 42 【 S6】 43 【 S7】 44 【 S8】 45 【 S9】 46 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
43、choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 47 “Opinion“ is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didnt attach too much importance to opinion. Unfort
44、unately, most do attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,“ and “Everyones entitled to his opinion,“ are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge anothers opinion is likely to be branded intolerant. Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to
45、challenge anothers opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend, “What do you think of the new Ford cars?“ And he may reply, “In my opinion, theyre ugly.“ In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. F
46、or its obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “Its pointless to argue about matters of taste.“ But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial c
47、ase. Obviously the justices did not state their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not a
48、n expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on o
49、ur opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 47 Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author? （ A） Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion. （ B） Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion. （ C） Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions. （ D） Casual use of the word “opinion“ often brings about quarrel
