1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 978及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Text Messages Involved in TV Shows. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1现在很多电视节目都使用短信参 与方式 2有人认为这可以增强与观众的互动，有人认为这是变相赚取利润 3我认为 Text Messa
2、ges Involved in TV Shows 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the inf
3、ormation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A Brief History of Online Shopping When A opened for business 15 years ago, it was nothing more than a few people packing
4、and shipping boxes of books from a two-car garage in Bellevue, Wash. Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder and CEO, had left New York City for the Pacific Northwest, using some of his time on the road to write the companys business plan. Books were packed on a table made out of an extra door they found lying i
5、n the new home a practice the company continues today in spirit by making many of the offices desks out of doors. Now, on its 15th anniversary, Amazon can raise a toast to being one of the largest online retailers in the world, selling everything from trumpets and golf carts to dishwashers and cloth
6、es. Despite the economic recession, online retail in the U.S. grew 11% last year, according to a report released this March from Forrester Research. More than 150 million people about two-thirds of all Internet users in the U.S. bought something online last year. Its a staggering leap for an industr
7、y used by 27% of the nations online population a decade ago. One of the first known Web purchases took place in 1994. It was a Italian pizza with mushrooms and extra cheese from Pizza Hut, a somewhat appropriate purchase for the early days of the Internet. When Amazon came on the scene not long afte
8、r, selling books online was a curious idea. After all, why would people buy a textbook online when they could go to a bookstore? But eventually, a revolutionary change in culture and groupthink took place. Buying things online was all about price and selection, says Ellen Davis, a vice president wit
9、h the National Retail Federation. If you lived in a small town with just one bookstore and they didnt stock the novel you wanted, the Internet was a solution. The big sellers were “hard goods,“ those things you didnt have to touch, feel or smell in order to buy, such as books, computers and other el
10、ectronics. Now, nothing is off limits. “As the Internet has evolved, its become a channel where you can buy anything,“ Davis says. “You can buy fragrances(香水 ) something you would have normally thought you would need to go to a store and actually experience before you decided to buy.“ Part of the sh
11、ift has, to do with the normalizing of giving out personal information online. All it takes is one click of the purchase button before consumers start to feel more comfortable using their credit-card information online, Davis says. Now some consumers have so much trust that they allow retailers to s
12、ave their credit-card and shipping information, which has given rise to a painless checkout process. And part of it had to do with making the online experience more like an in-store shopping trip. Many sites geared themselves toward consumers who like to try before they buy. While Web shoppers techn
13、ically have to buy the item first, sites such as Zappos, which specializes in shoes, and Piperlime, which sells clothes and accessories, offer free shipping on returns. If you buy it, try it and dont like it, having to return the item is less of a concern. Other stores try to make it easier for cust
14、omers to get the look and feel of a product without actually handling the goods. S and G allow customers to zoom(拉近 )way in on products to examine their material and color up close. Others such as Bed, Bath in the study, sudden heart attack was linked more【 S8】 _with antidepressant use than with wom
15、ens symptoms of depression. No one is sure exactly how depression hurts the heart, and one【 S9】_explanation is that a damaged heart and its consequent stress on the body might activate, somehow, genes or other physiological changes that【 S10】 _to depression. A)risk B)plausible C)ongoing D)sum E)stro
16、ngly F)outset G)likely H)meaningful I)causing J)process K)contribute L)prescribed M)easily N)make O)possibly 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】 52 【 S5】 53 【 S6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questio
17、ns or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 57 Although the stigma(耻辱 )once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years, most of the Americans who have clinical depression still dont get t
18、reated for it, partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist. In fact, the majority of depressed people who seek professional help turn first not to a psychologist but to their primary-care physician. But do regular doctors really know how to identify depression? A large new scient
19、ific review suggests they dont. In a review of 41 previous studies, the authors found that general practitioners make frequent mistakes, missing true cases of depression about half the time and incorrectly diagnosing it in 19% of healthy people. Alex Mitchell, Amol Vaze and Sanjay Rao of Leicester G
20、eneral Hospital in the U.K. estimate that about 1 in 5 people in developed nations will experience depression in their lifetime. That means that among a general patient population of 100, about 20 will develop the condition, but the typical doctor will find it in only 10 of those who have it. And am
21、ong the 80 healthy people, the doctor will incorrectly identify depression in 15. This is significant because depression can make the patient and his or her family weak. Depression also carries an enormous social burden, leading to missed work days, loss of productivity and increases in health-care
22、spending. Further, those misdiagnosed with depression may end up being prescribed medicine that not only costs a lot but can have serious side effects. The various studies that Mitchell, Vaze and Rao reviewed used different methods to verify whether doctors had missed depression in their patients. V
23、irtually all the studies pointed to the same conclusion: general physicians arent very good at recognizing the most common mental illness in the world. Why? One reason is that the typical doctor visit is quite short, usually no longer than 15 minutes. Its hard for patients to open up about their sym
24、ptoms during that brief period. Doctors should spend more time or schedule follow-up appointments with patients they suspect have depression, which can dramatically increase the rate of accurate diagnoses. 58 Most depressed people refuse to see a psychologist partly because_. （ A） they are frightene
25、d of going to a psychologist （ B） they have trust in their primary-care physicians （ C） they think the illness is not that serious （ D） they relate embarrassment to seeing a psychologist 59 In a new scientific review, the researchers found that _. （ A） psychologists often miss the true case of depre
26、ssion （ B） general physicians often make wrong judgment of depression （ C） most people will experience depression in their lifetime （ D） primary-care physicians are not qualified doctors 60 Those who “will develop the condition“(Line 3, Para. 3)refer to_. （ A） patients who will be misdiagnosed as de
27、pression （ B） patients who will survive depression （ C） patients who will suffer from depression （ D） patients who receive correct diagnose 61 According to the passage, depression can result in_. （ A） worse family relationship （ B） refusal by the society （ C） large medical expense （ D） serious side
28、effects 62 Why do general physicians often fail to recognize depression? （ A） The diagnoses are made too hastily. （ B） General physicians dont treat their patients seriously. （ C） Patients are reluctant to tell their symptoms. （ D） General physicians are not patient enough. 62 Fancy a three-day week
29、end not just once in a while but week in week out? You may think your bosses would never agree to it, but the evidence suggests that employers, employees and the environment all benefit. The four-day week comes in two flavors. One option is to switch from five 8-hour days to four 10-hour days, meani
30、ng overall hours and salaries stay the same. Two years ago, the state of Utah moved all of its employees, apart from the emergency services, to working 4/10, as it has become known. The hope was that by shutting down buildings for an extra day each week, energy bills would be cut by up to a fifth. T
31、he full results of this experiment wont be published until October, but an ongoing survey of 100 buildings suggests energy consumption has fallen by around 13 percent. The survey also found that 70 percent of employees prefer the 4/10 arrangement, and that people took fewer days off sick. The second
32、 form of the four-day week is to work the same number of hours per day for four days only, with a 20 percent pay cut. With the recession hitting revenues, accountancy(会计工作 )company KPMG announced in February that it was offering its 11,000 UK employees the option of a four-day week to avoid job loss
33、es. So far 85 percent of employees have applied to join the scheme, and 800 now do a four-day week. Not everyone will like the idea of working longer days or taking a pay cut in exchange for a 3-day weekend, but it appears most do. According to Rex Facer at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, i
34、t was the crash of 1929 that led to the five-day week. During the next big financial crisis in the 1970s, there was much talk of moving to a four-day week, but for a variety of reasons that didnt pan out. “Things are different now,“ says Facer. “I wouldnt be surprised if we could get 50 percent or m
35、ore of the workforce working four-day weeks in the next few years.“ 63 By carrying out the four-day week experiment, the state of Utah aims to_. （ A） reduce energy expenses （ B） boost the companies productivity （ C） provide longer weekend （ D） increase energy efficiency 64 An ongoing survey shows th
36、at _. （ A） employers benefit a lot from the four-day schedule （ B） energy use has decreased by 13% in Utah （ C） most employees approve of the 4/10 schedule （ D） employees work much more efficiently 65 What do we learn about the second form of the four-day week? （ A） It was first applied in the accou
37、ntancy company KPMG. （ B） It was adopted by KPMG in order not to lay off workers. （ C） It came into existence when recession hit revenues. （ D） It is embraced by more employees compared with the first form. 66 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） the majority of people dislike a pay cut f
38、or a 3-day weekend （ B） the 5-day week schedule resulted from the 1929 economic crisis （ C） the 4-day week schedule was widespread in the 1970s （ D） the 4-day week schedule was put forward by Rex Facer 67 What does Facer imply by saying “Things are different now“(Line 5, Para. 5)? （ A） The possibili
39、ty of another financial crisis like 1970s is slim. （ B） There isnt much talk of applying a four-day week. （ C） Four-day week is very likely to become popular. （ D） There is no obstacle for the four-day week to be carried out. 三、 Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the follow
40、ing passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. 67 The Antarctic ozone(臭氧 )hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere(半球 ), even affecting the tropics, scientists have concluded. The scientists【
41、 C1】 _the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to【 C2】 _how it might have affected winds and rains. They say rainfall has moved further south【 C3】 _the pole and the effect has been【 C4】 _strong over Australia. And of【 C5】 _interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere
42、jet stream. These high-altitude winds are【 C6】 _to determining weather patterns, in both hemispheres. Much of the cold weather felt in the UK【 C7】 _the last couple of winters, for example, was【 C8】 _by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream. The team found that overall, the ozone hole has【 C9】 _
43、in rainfall moving south along with the winds.【 C10】 _there are regional differences, particularly concerning Australia. In【 C11】 _of the average for that zone, the ozone hole【 C12】 _about a 10% change but for Australia, its about 35%. Their modeling indicated that global warming【 C13】 _greenhouse g
44、as emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns. Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here, as different rainfall patterns were【 C14】 _in the era before ozone depletion(消耗 )and【 C15】_20th Century warming. Although the【 C16】 _international organization has significantly
45、 checked emissions of harmful substances, they【 C17】 _for decades in the atmosphere, and so their effects are still being felt. Earlier, an international organization【 C18】_that even the Antarctic ozone hole which is more severe than its【 C19】_in the Northern Hemisphere should be【 C20】 _by 2045-60.
46、68 【 C1】 （ A） before （ B） behind （ C） above （ D） under 69 【 C2】 （ A） inspect （ B） scan （ C） investigate （ D） supervise 70 【 C3】 （ A） away （ B） with （ C） off （ D） towards 71 【 C4】 （ A） remarkably （ B） preferably （ C） indispensably （ D） plausibly 72 【 C5】 （ A） particular （ B） special （ C） especial （ D
47、） specific 73 【 C6】 （ A） beneficial （ B） key （ C） necessary （ D） vital 74 【 C7】 （ A） around （ B） along （ C） over （ D） across 75 【 C8】 （ A） intensified （ B） prevented （ C） changed （ D） caused 76 【 C9】 （ A） resulted （ B） drawn （ C） brought （ D） dropped 77 【 C10】 （ A） So （ B） But （ C） Since （ D） And 78
48、 【 C11】 （ A） views （ B） respects （ C） terms （ D） cases 79 【 C12】 （ A） drives （ B） attracts （ C） motivates （ D） includes 80 【 C13】 （ A） due to （ B） along with （ C） as for （ D） instead of 81 【 C14】 （ A） predicted （ B） noted （ C） occurred （ D） descended 82 【 C15】 （ A） latest （ B） late （ C） latter （ D）
49、last 83 【 C16】 （ A） popular （ B） controversial （ C） distinctive （ D） corresponding 84 【 C17】 （ A） flash （ B） fluctuate （ C） suffer （ D） endure 85 【 C18】 （ A） imagined （ B） forecast （ C） calculated （ D） guessed 86 【 C19】 （ A） illusion （ B） image （ C） equivalent （ D） extension 87 【 C20】 （ A） repeated （ B） reproduced （ C） replaced （ D） repaired 四、 Part
