1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 995及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Do We Expect From a Friend? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1每个人都需要朋友 2不同的人对 朋友有着不同的期待和要求 3我的观点 What Do We Expect From a Friend?
2、 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pa
3、ssage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Art of Public Speaking If you were to tape-record one of David Lettermans comedy routines, memorize it word for word, and stand up before your
4、 friends to recite it, would you get the same response Letterman does? Not very likely. And why not? Because you would not deliver the jokes as Letterman does. Of course, the jokes are basically funny. But David Letterman brings something extra to the jokes his manner of presentation, his vocal infl
5、ections, his perfectly timed pauses, his facial expressions and his gestures. All these are part of an expert delivery. No one expects your speech class to transform you into a multimillion-dollar talk show host. Still, this example demonstrates how important delivery can be to any public speaking s
6、ituation. Even a common speech will be more effective if it is presented well, whereas a wonderfully written speech can be ruined by poor delivery. This does not mean dazzling delivery will turn a mindless string of nonsense into a triumphant oration(演讲 ). You can not make a good speech without havi
7、ng something to say. But having something to say is not enough. You must also know how to say it. What Is Good Delivery? Good delivery does not call attention to itself. It conveys the speakers ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience. If you mumble(含糊地说 )your words, gaze o
8、ut the window, or talk in a dull tone, you will not get your message across. Nor will you be effective if you show off, strike a dramatic pose, or shout in ringing tones. Most audiences prefer delivery that combines a certain degree of formality with the best attributes of good conversation directne
9、ss, facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication. Speech delivery is an art, not a science. What works for one speaker may fail for another. And what succeeds with todays audience may not with tomorrows. You can not become a skilled speaker just by following a set of rules in a textboo
10、k, In the long run, there is no substitute for experience. But take heart! A textbook can give you basic pointers to get you started in the right direction. Methods of Delivery There are four basic methods of delivering a speech: (1)reading from a manuscript Certain speeches must be delivered word f
11、or word according to a well-prepared manuscript. Examples include an engineers report to a professional meeting, or a presidents message to Congress. Absolute accuracy is essential. Every word of the speech will be analyzed by the press, by colleagues, perhaps by enemies. Timing may also be a factor
12、 in manuscript speeches. Much of todays political campaigning is done on radio and television. If the candidate buys a one-minute spot and pays a great deal of money for it, that one minute of speech must be just right. (2)reciting a memorized text Among the feats of the legendary orators, none leav
13、es us more in awe than their practice of presenting even the longest and most complex speeches entirely from memory. Nowadays it is no longer customary to memorize any but the shortest of speeches, introductions, and the like. If you are giving a speech of this kind and want to memorize it, by all m
14、eans do so. However, be sure to memorize it so thoroughly that you will be able to concentrate on communicating with the audience, not on trying to remember the words. Speakers who gaze at the ceiling or stare out the window trying to recall what they have memorized are no better off than those who
15、read dully from a manuscript. (3)speaking impromptu(即兴地 An impromptu speech is delivered with little or no immediate preparation. Few people choose to speak impromptu, but sometimes it can not be avoided. In fact, many of the speeches you give in life will be impromptu. You might be called on sudden
16、ly to “say a few words“ or, in the course of a class discussion, business meeting, or committee report, want to respond to a previous speaker. (4)speaking extemporaneously(即席地 In popular usage, “extemporaneous“ means the same as “impromptu“. But technically the two are different. Unlike an impromptu
17、 speech, which is totally unexpected, an extemporaneous speech is carefully prepared and practiced in advance. In presenting the speech, the extemporaneous speaker uses only a set of brief notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory. The exact wording is chosen at the moment of delivery. This is n
18、ot as hard as it sounds. Once you have your outline and know what topics you are going to cover and in what order, you can begin to practice the speech. Every time you run through it. the wording will be slightly different. As you practice the speech over and over, the best way to present each part
19、will emerge and stick in your mind. The Speakers Voice Whatever the characteristics of your voice, you can be sure it is unique. Because no two people are exactly the same physically, no two people have identical voices. This is why voice prints are sometimes used in criminal trials as guides to per
20、sonal identity. The human voice is produced by a complex series of steps that starts with the exhalation(呼出 )of air from the lungs. As air is exhaled, it passes through the larynx(喉 )to generate sound. This sound is then made louder and modified as it resonates through the throat, mouth and nose. Fi
21、nally, the sound is shaped into specific sounds by the movement of the tongue, lips, teeth and roof of the mouth. The resulting sounds are combined to form words and sentences. Nonverbal Communication Posture, facial expression, gestures and eye contact all affect the way listeners respond to a spea
22、ker. How we use these and other body motions to communication is the subject of a fascinating area of study called kinesics(举止神态学 ). Studies have shown that in some situations these signals account for much of the meaning communicated by speakers. Answering Audiences Questions The question-and-answe
23、r session is a common part of public speaking, whether the occasion is a press conference, business presentation, public hearing, or classroom assignment. Depending on the situation, questioning may take place throughout the presentation, or it may be reserved until after the speaker has completed h
24、is or her remarks. In either case, an answer to a question is often the final word an audience hears and is likely to leave a lasting impression. Effective speakers recognize that the question period can be as important as the speech itself. 2 From the passage, we learn that David Letterman is_. （ A
25、） a famous comedian （ B） basically funny （ C） of bad manner （ D） a speech specialist 3 Making a good speech requires the speaker to have something to say and_. （ A） turn nonsense into triumph （ B） make sure it is long enough （ C） know how to say it （ D） bear the success in mind 4 Though a textbook i
26、s important in improving speech delivery, in the long run, _. （ A） it can not make the rules for speech （ B） it can not take place of experience （ C） it can not give the basic pointers （ D） it can not take place of speech methods 5 Reading from a manuscript is necessary when_. （ A） the speech must b
27、e delivered word for word （ B） the speech is very well-prepared （ C） the speech is analytical （ D） the speech is on radio and television 6 What does the author say about reciting a memorized text? （ A） It is only customary to memorize the shortest speeches. （ B） It should be encouraged though it is
28、not customary today. （ C） Speakers should try to remember all the words all the time. （ D） It is always better than reading through the manuscript. 7 The difference between the impromptu speech and the extemporaneous speech is that_. （ A） the impromptu speech can not be avoided （ B） people choose to
29、 speak extemporaneously （ C） impromptu speech is delivered with some preparation （ D） extemporaneous speech is prepared in advance 8 What should people do when they have got the outline? （ A） Know what topics they are going to cover. （ B） Cover the topics in order. （ C） Begin to practice the speech.
30、 （ D） Stick the outline in their mind. 9 Voice prints can be used in criminal trials as guides to personal identity because everybodys voice is_ 10 In addition to words, the way listeners respond to a speaker can also be affected by_. 11 The session that the audience most probably hear at last and l
31、eaves the lasting impression is_ Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each
32、 question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The approach to native language teaching. （ B） The way of class management. （ C） The approach to English teaching. （ D） The way of class arrangement. （ A）
33、 Wait for the books today. （ B） Ask Prof. Li for the books. （ C） Come back the next day. （ D） Borrow a book from the girl. （ A） Instructor and student. （ B） Police and driver. （ C） Physician and patient. （ D） Waitress and customer. （ A） They vary extremely in different locations. （ B） Few of them ar
34、e affiliated to colleges. （ C） They have the same characteristics. （ D） They are dependent on the state in finance. （ A） English has changed a lot. （ B） Shakespeare is a genius. （ C） English has scarcely changed. （ D） Shakespeare is an illiterate. （ A） The man loves to be a student. （ B） Its easy to
35、 find a job with it. （ C） The man loves to study. （ D） Its a challenge to learn it. （ A） The man will ask him to move out. （ B） The man will fight with him. （ C） The man is trying to transform him. （ D） The man will ask him to keep fit. （ A） The woman isnt interested in technology. （ B） Fashion does
36、nt appeal to the man. （ C） The woman is crazy about technology. （ D） Literature appeals to the man. （ A） It provides us food and place to live. （ B） It contacts with us from birth to death. （ C） It works with genes to shape who we are. （ D） It includes everything we experience. （ A） A group of DNA.
37、（ B） A biochemical reaction. （ C） A single protein. （ D） A building structure. （ A） Genes role is the most complex. （ B） Monkeys genes are most closely related to humans. （ C） Mices genes are least closely related to humans. （ D） Genetic study can help cure some diseases. （ A） He is majoring in busi
38、ness. （ B） His father has chosen a major for him. （ C） He is a freshman and hasnt decided his major. （ D） He hasnt told his father about his major. （ A） She still has to take ten more credits. （ B） She doesnt want to part from her classmates. （ C） She has to find a job to support herself. （ D） She h
39、as to pay her student loan back. （ A） Her parents was too poor to pay her college tuition. （ B） Her parents believed she should support herself. （ C） She had a good job to pay her college tuition. （ D） She received some financial aid and a scholarship. （ A） To take part in some job interviews. （ B）
40、To wait for a job. （ C） To think about her future. （ D） To enjoy her vacation. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you
41、must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The development of jazz music. （ B） The jazz musician named Charlie Parker. （ C） The new style of jazz called bebop. （ D） The death of Charlie Parker. （ A） It has a fixed rhythm. （ B） It is similar to the traditional jazz.
42、（ C） It is free and spontaneous. （ D） It is a typically electronic music style. （ A） In Europe. （ B） In America. （ C） In Africa. （ D） In Asia. （ A） Crimes committed by young people. （ B） Crimes committed by needy people. （ C） Influence on young people. （ D） Stealing and violence. （ A） Less freedom a
43、nd more money. （ B） More freedom and more money. （ C） Education system. （ D） Living in poor areas. （ A） The family and the school. （ B） The adults and the mass media. （ C） The society and the young people. （ D） The parents and the kids. （ A） To show the dangerous climate change. （ B） To examine the
44、change of animals in Alaska. （ C） To research whether the climate in Alaska becomes warmer. （ D） To find some scientific data in Alaska. （ A） The weather changes to be safer. （ B） The weather turns to be less predictable. （ C） The temperature begins to fall to minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit. （ D） The t
45、emperature no longer falls to minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit. （ A） Some new kinds of animals appear. （ B） No animals wander around the land. （ C） Ducks become common. （ D） All animals have disappeared. （ A） People move together. （ B） It is getting harder to travel in winter. （ C） There are more ways of
46、 travelling. （ D） It is less dangerous to travel in winter. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fil
47、l in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Smoking is harmful to our health and i
48、s extremely hazardous to children. Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to【 B1】 _the air for their children, but experts now have【 B2】 _a related threat to childrens health that isnt as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke. Doctors from Mass General Hospital for Children in Boston【
49、 B3】 _the term. It is now being used to describe the【 B4】 _yet toxic gases and particles that【 B5】_to smokers hair, clothing and the carpet even after second-hand smoke has been cleaned from a room. The residue(残留物 )【 B6】 _ heavy metals, and even【 B7】 _materials that young children can get on their hands,【 B8】 _if theyre crawling or playing on the floor.【 B9】 _. People agree with the statement that【 B10】 _. However, far fewer of those surve
