1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 103及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the necessity of observing traffic rules. You should write at least120 words
2、 but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） See a doctor. （ B） Stay in bed for a few days. （ C） Get treatment in a better hospital. （ D） Make a phone call to the doctor. （ A） The 2:00 train will arrive earlier. （ B） The 2:30 train has a dining car. （ C） The woman prefers to take the 2:30 train. （ D）
3、 They are going to have some fast food on the train. （ A） Alice didnt seem to be nervous during her speech. （ B） Alice needs more training in making public speeches. （ C） The man can hardly understand Alices presentation. （ D） The man didnt think highly of Alices presentation. （ A） Its worse than 30
4、 years ago. （ B） It remains almost the same as before. （ C） There are more extremes in the weather. （ D） There has been a significant rise in temperature. （ A） He hasnt seen any movie for a long time. （ B） The movie he saw was Gone with the Wind. （ C） It is one of the best movies he has ever seen. （
5、 D） He likes seeing movies very much. （ A） The man can stay in her brothers apartment. （ B） Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel. （ C） Her brother can find an apartment for the man. （ D） The man should have booked a less expensive hotel. （ A） Priority should be given to listening. （ B）
6、Its most helpful to read English newspapers every day. （ C） Its more effective to combine listening with reading. （ D） Reading should come before listening. （ A） Bill is a punctual person. （ B） Bill will come on time tonight. （ C） Bill will be late as usual. （ D） Bill wont come at all. （ A） With com
7、puter skill. （ B） With job experience. （ C） With a major in English. （ D） With multiple skills. （ A） He speaks good English and has interest in business. （ B） He has worked in an import-export company for years. （ C） Some of his classmates have found jobs in that area. （ D） He is familiar with the s
8、oftware Word Perfect. （ A） He will call on the general manager. （ B） His classmates will do him a favor. （ C） The womans friend will help him. （ D） He will find it all by himself. （ A） She was doing housework. （ B） She was reading Jane Eyre. （ C） She was absorbed in a movie. （ D） She was talking wit
9、h her sisters. （ A） Emily. （ B） Charlotte. （ C） Anne. （ D） Jane. （ A） He might have been spoiled. （ B） He wasnt promoted. （ C） He didnt have his own picture. （ D） He was looked down upon. （ A） Their settings were in the 19th century. （ B） They were stories about inequality. （ C） They settled histori
10、cal problems. （ D） They were published in pen names. Section B （ A） They wanted to follow his example. （ B） They fully supported his undertaking. （ C） They were puzzled by his decision. （ D） They were afraid he wasnt prepared. （ A） It is more exciting than space travel. （ B） It is much cheaper than
11、space travel. （ C） It is much safer than space travel. （ D） It is less time-consuming than space travel. （ A） They both attract scientists attention. （ B） They both can be quite challenging. （ C） They are both thought-provoking. （ D） They both lead to surprising findings. （ A） To show how simple the
12、 mechanical aids for diving can be. （ B） To provide reasons for his changeable character. （ C） To explore the philosophical issues of space travel. （ D） To explain why he took up underwater exploration. （ A） Gold was discovered in the city. （ B） The citys population grew to twelve thousand. （ C） The
13、 Golden Gate Bridge was constructed. （ D） Telegraph communications with the East were established. （ A） It is almost two million. （ B） It is almost three million. （ C） It is almost five million. （ D） It is almost six million. （ A） It is one mile long. （ B） It cost 32 million dollars. （ C） It is the
14、largest in the world. （ D） It was completed in 1936. （ A） 300 million. （ B） 3 billion. （ C） Over 335 million. （ D） More than 28 million. （ A） National conflict. （ B） Agricultural problems. （ C） Population decrease. （ D） Economic problems. （ A） Asking people to use less water in the daily life. （ B）
15、Finding ways to use water for more than one purpose. （ C） Making good use of seawater for daily life. （ D） Importing fresh water from other countries. Section C 26 A degree from a college or university is often a key that opens doors of【 B1】_ doors to a better job and a better life. Without a colleg
16、e degree, many jobs are simply not【 B2】 _. Just as the name states, community colleges are local. So, they are easy to get to. Suppose you are 【 B3】 _ attending college in the United States. But perhaps you might not be ready for a university with a four-year program. About 88,000 international stud
17、ents have found a【 B4】 _. They are attending US community colleges. Such colleges are sometimes called【 B5】 _ colleges. They offer two years of education above the secondary, or high school level. At the end of their study program, they receive a document of【 B6】 _called a certificate. Other student
18、s work toward an associate degree in traditional【 B7】_subjects like science or history. Some students with associate degrees【 B8】_to attend a four-year college or university. They have only two years of study left before they receive a bachelors degree. Many【 B9】 _experts agree that saving money is
19、a good reason to consider a community college. The American Association of Community Colleges says a public two-year college【 B10】 _an average of $3,000 a year. A student at a four-year public college may pay more than $8,500 a year for classes and user fees. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【
20、 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Back in the day, a good report card earned you a parental pat on the back, but now it could be money in your pocket. Experiments with cash incentives(激励 )for students have been catching on in public-school districts across the country,
21、and so has the debate over whether they are a【 C1】 _tool for hard-to-motivate students. According to a study【 C2】 _today by the social-policy research group MDRC, a non-profit organization, cash incentives combined with counseling offered “real hope“ to low-income and nontraditional students at two
22、Louisiana community colleges. The program【 C3】 _by the Louisiana Department of Social Services and the Louisiana Workforce Commission was simple: enroll in college at least half-time,【 C4】_at least a C average and earn $1,000 a semester for up to two terms. Participants, who were randomly【 C5】 _, we
23、re 30% more likely to register for a second semester than were students who were not offered the supplemental financial【 C6】_. And the participants who were first offered cash incentives in spring 2004 and thus whose progress was tracked for longer than that of subsequent groups before Hurricane Kat
24、rina【 C7】 _forced researchers to suspend the survey for several months in August 2005 were also more likely than their peers to be enrolled in college a year after they had finished the two-term program. Students offered cash incentives in the Louisiana program earned more【 C8】_and were more likely
25、to attain a C average than were nonparticipants. And they showed psychological【 C9】 _too, reporting more positive feelings about themselves and their abilities to【 C10】 _their goals for the future. A)maintain B)brilliant C)cooperative D)claim E)aid F)selected G)retain H)abruptly I)credits J)fulfille
26、d K)benefits L)accomplish M)released N)naturally O)funded 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Are Bad Economic Times Good for Health? A)Most people are worried about the health of the economy. But does the economy also affect your h
27、ealth? It does, but not always in ways you might expect. The data on how an economic downturn influences an individuals health are surprisingly mixed. Its clear that long-term economic gains lead to improvements in a populations overall health, in developing and industrialized societies alike. B)But
28、 whether the current economic downturn will take a toll on your own health depends, in part, on your health habits when times are good. And economic studies suggest that people tend not to take care of themselves in boom times drinking too much(especially before driving), dining on fat-filled restau
29、rant meals and skipping exercise and doctors appointments because of work-related time commitments. C)“The value of time is higher during good economic times,“ said Grant Miller, an assistant professor of medicine at Stanford. “So people work more and do less of the things that are good for them, li
30、ke cooking at home and exercising; and people experience more stress due to the severity of hard work during booms.“ D)Similar patterns have been seen in some developing nations. Dr. Miller, who is studying the effects of fluctuating coffee prices on health in Colombia, says that even though falling
31、 prices are bad for the economy, they appear to improve health and decrease death rates. When prices are low, laborers have more time to care for their children. “When coffee prices suddenly rise, people work harder on their coffee plots and spend less time doing things around the home, including th
32、ings that are good for their children,“ he said. “Because the things that matter most for infant and child health in rural Colombia arent expensive, but require a substantial amount of time such as breast-feeding, bringing clean water from far away, taking your child to a distant health clinic for f
33、ree vaccinations(接种疫苗 ) infant and child death rates rise.“ E)In this country, a similar effect appeared in the Dust Bowl during the Great Depression, according to a 2007 paper by Dr. Miller and colleagues in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The data seem to contradict research i
34、n the 1970s suggesting that in hard times there are more deaths from heart disease, cirrhosis(肝硬化 ), suicide and murder, as well as more admissions to mental hospitals. But those findings have not been repeated, and several economists have pointed out flaws in the research. F)In May 2000, the Quarte
35、rly Journal, of Economics published a surprising paper called “Are Recessions Good for Your Health?“ by Christopher J. Ruhm, professor of economics at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro, based on an analysis measuring death rates and health behavior against economic shifts and jobless rate
36、s from 1972 to 1991. Dr. Ruhm found that death rates declined sharply in the 1974 and 1982 recessions, and increased in the economic recovery of the 1980s. An increase of one percentage point in state unemployment rates correlated with a 0.5 percentage point decline in the death rate or about 5 fewe
37、r deaths per 100,000 people. Over all, the death rate fell by more than 8 percent in the 20-year period of mostly economic decline, led by drops in heart disease and car crashes. G)The economic downturn did appear to take a toll on factors having less to do with prevention and more to do with mental
38、 well-being and access to health care. For instance, cancer deaths rose 23 percent, and deaths from flu and pneumonia increased slightly. Suicides rose 2 percent, homicides 12 percent. H)The issue that may matter most in an economic crisis is not related to jobs or income, but whether the slump wide
39、ns the gap between rich and poor, and whether there is an adequate health safety net available to those who have lost their jobs and insurance. During a decade of economic recession in Japan that began in the 1990s, people who were unemployed were twice as likely to be in poor health as those with s
40、ecure jobs. During Perus severe economic crisis in the 1980s, infant deaths jumped 2.5 percentage points about 17,000 more children who died as public health spending and social programs collapsed. I)In August, researchers from the Free University of Amsterdam looked at health studies of twins in De
41、nmark. They found that individuals born in a recession were at higher risk for heart problems later in life and lived, on average, 15 months less than those born under better conditions. Gerard J. van den Berg, an economics professor who was a co-author of the study, said babies in poor households s
42、uffered the most in a recession, because their families lacked access to good health care. Poor economic conditions can also cause stress that may interfere with parent bonding and childhood development, he said. He noted that other studies had found that recessions can benefit babies by giving thei
43、r parents more time at home. J)“This scenario(情况 )may be relevant for well-to-do families where one of the parents loses a job and the other still brings in enough money,“ he said. “But in a crisis where the family may have to face huge housing-cost losses and the household income is insufficient fo
44、r adequate nutrition and health care, the disadvantageous effects of being born in a recession seem much more relevant.“ K)In the USA, there are already signs of the economys effect on health. In May, the market research firm Information Resources reported that 53 percent of consumers said they were
45、 cooking more than they did just six months before in part, no doubt, because of the rising cost of prepared foods. At the same time, health insurance costs are rising. With premiums and co-payments, the average employee with insurance pays nearly one-third of medical costs about twice as much as fo
46、ur years ago, according to Paul H. Keckley, executive director of the Deloitte Center for Health Solutions. L)In the United States, which unlike other industrialized nations lacks a national health plan, the looming recession may take a greater toll. About 46 million Americans lack health insurance,
47、 Dr. Keckley says, and even among the 179 million who have it, an estimated 1 in 7 would be bankrupted by a single health crisis. The economic downturn “is not good news for the health care industry,“ he said. “There may be something positive, but I think this needs pondering.“ 47 Gerard J. van den
48、Berg noted that recessions can benefit babies born in well-to-do families. 48 For the family whose income is not sufficient for adequate health care, recession has negative effects on the children, rather than benefits them. 49 The rise of child and infant death rates in Colombia is usually the resu
49、lt of parents lack of time. 50 During the economic downturns in 1974 and 1982, death rate decreased dramatically in the US. 51 During the decade of recession in Japan, compared with those with secure jobs, the unemployed were more likely to fall ill. 52 Partly due to the rising price of prepared foods in the US, more than half of people now prefer to cook at home. 53 There is no national health plan in the United States. 54 It is shown in economic studies that, peo
