1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 119及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose your university is collecting opinions to improve the whole campus, what sugg
2、estions will you make and why? Section A （ A） It is really nice to change them. （ B） They ought to have been changed long ago. （ C） They are of wrong colors. （ D） They are still quite good. （ A） Mixed. （ B） Fascinated. （ C） Enthusiastic. （ D） Uninterested. （ A） Wait until the weather gets better. （
3、B） Go to visit the park tomorrow. （ C） Walk around the city right now. （ D） Enjoy the snow scene in the park. （ A） Hell start a new business in properties. （ B） He has been left property there. （ C） Hes made a fortune from his aunt. （ D） His aunt wants his company there. （ A） They didnt attend the l
4、iterature class. （ B） They asked Prof. Lane the same question. （ C） They knew the assignment of the literature class. （ D） They knew the answer to the question. （ A） He has already decided on his future plan. （ B） He would consult the woman if necessary. （ C） He doesnt want to consult the woman at a
5、ll. （ D） He doesnt have any idea what to do in the future. （ A） She wants to get enough food for the holiday period. （ B） The supermarket is closing down after the New Years Day. （ C） The man is going to help her with shopping. （ D） Tomorrow is the only day she is free before the New Years Day. （ A）
6、 The woman is good at English and computing. （ B） The woman is not capable of the job advertised. （ C） The man is refusing the womans application. （ D） English and computer skills are essential for the job. （ A） It has changed the flavor. （ B） It is spicy as usual. （ C） It is too expensive. （ D） It
7、sells western food. （ A） The Italian restaurant. （ B） The Indian restaurant. （ C） The Chinese restaurant. （ D） The Thai restaurant. （ A） The man and the woman will not eat out. （ B） The man and the woman will go Dutch. （ C） The man will pay for the dinner. （ D） The woman will pay for the dinner. （ A
8、） Job hopping. （ B） Putting up a notice. （ C） Travelling by plane. （ D） Learning a foreign language. （ A） It has a small size. （ B） It will fire some employees. （ C） It will give him a promotion. （ D） It is an overseas company. （ A） He will learn English for it. （ B） He will work in another country.
9、 （ C） He will travel a lot. （ D） He will get a much higher salary. （ A） Recommend her to his new company. （ B） Give her some advice on her work. （ C） Get her promoted to be the manager. （ D） Write her a letter of recommendation. Section B （ A） They are rich enough to travel around the world. （ B） Th
10、ey teach family traditions to their grandchildren. （ C） They all live near their grandchildrens schools. （ D） They cook for their grandchildren every day. （ A） They can instruct their children in life. （ B） They need support from their children. （ C） They always have some problems. （ D） They wish th
11、ey could live near their children. （ A） Disappointed. （ B） Terrible. （ C） Enjoyable. （ D） Tired. （ A） American grandchildren. （ B） American children. （ C） American family. （ D） American grandparents. （ A） It costs a lot of money each year. （ B） It costs more than other things in peoples life. （ C） I
12、t makes people unable to work. （ D） It always causes some serious diseases. （ A） Health care. （ B） Lost productivity. （ C） Cases for drinking related crimes. （ D） Property damage from road accidents. （ A） The people who drink during dinner. （ B） The disease caused by drinking. （ C） The cost of heavy
13、 alcohol use. （ D） The money spent on drinks. （ A） It is still the basic need of babies. （ B） It is the only thing on the shopping list. （ C） It is no longer bought by parents. （ D） It becomes big business now. （ A） Babies need advice more than adults do. （ B） Babies are able to read books now. （ C）
14、 Babies are a hot topic in magazines. （ D） Babies are a source of money for companies. （ A） Take care of babies. （ B） Keep babies from danger. （ C） Keep an eye on babies. （ D） Offer a seat belt. Section C 26 Justice is one of the most popular courses in Harvards history.Nearly one thousand students【
15、 B1】 _Harvards historic Sanders Theatre to hear Professor Sandel talk about justice, equality, democracy, and citizenship.Now its your turn to【 B2】 _in moral reflection that has captured more than 14,000 students, as Harvard opens its classroom to the world.This course【 B3】 _help viewers become more
16、 critically minded thinkers about the moral decisions we all face in our everyday lives. Professor Sandel is a【 B4】 _teacher. He is able, without visible effort, to make a lecture to students seem like an intimate dialogue. Sandel is able to conduct【 B5】_effective dialogues in those large classes, l
17、ike a conductor picking out a piano here. He poses moral dilemmas so acute that one could escape the【 B6】 _only by thinking. In this 12-part series, Sandel challenges us with difficult moral dilemmas and asks our opinion about the right thing to do. He then asks us to examine our answers【 B7】_new si
18、tuation. The result is often surprising, revealing that important moral questions are never black and white.【 B8】 _these contradictions sharpens our own moral faith and gives us the moral clearness to better understand the opposing views we confront in a democracy. This course also【 B9】 _the hot top
19、ics of our day same sex marriage, equal right, individualism and Sandel shows us that we can rethink familiar debates with a fresh【 B10】 _. Professor Sandel believes the process of thinking our way through the moral questions of our day can help make us better citizens. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30
20、 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Eating fruits and vegetables has proved helpful in preventing various chronic (慢性的 )illness. Does that mean the more the better? The data from 16 studies were analyzed,【 C1】 _more than 833,234 adults. The span of the studies【
21、 C2】 _from 5 to 26 years. 56,423 adults participating in the studies died. Overall, the more fruits and vegetables people 【 C3】 _, the less likely they were to have died during the study period. For every【 C4】 _serving eaten, up to four a day, the chance of dying for any reason decreased by 5 percen
22、t. Those who ate four servings a day were 24 percent less【 C5】 _to have died than those who ate none at all. However, eating five or more daily servings indicated no added【 C6】 _. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables also showed【 C7】_no effect on the probability of dying from cancer. Although
23、 the recommendation of the【 C8】 _serving varies with age, health status and other factors, most adults are called for to fill half their plate with fruits and vegetables. The food pyramid (金字塔 )model【 C9】 _that adults eat three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruits daily.
24、 However, the study did not determine whether certain fruits or vegetables were more or less beneficial than others. It indeed inferred that theres a(n)【 C10】 _ to how much fruit and vegetables are good for you. A)additional I)investing B)annual J)involving C)benefit K)likely D)boundary L)limit E)co
25、nsumed M)probable F)daily N)ranged G)essentially O)suggested H)financially 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 How to Reinvent College Rankings: Show the Data Students Need Most A)All rankings are misleading and biased (有偏见的 ).But t
26、heyre also the only way to pick a school. Ive heard those exact words dozens of times and inferred their sentiment hundreds more. They undoubtedly were a major contributing factor in the 250,000 applications to the top colleges this past year. With only 14,000 chances available, there will be a lot
27、of disappointed families when decisions are announced in a few days. For 30 years, Ive co-authored bestselling books and provocative articles about how to improve ones chances of being accepted by a “top“ college. B)The first edition of our book Getting In! revealed what went on behind the admission
28、 committees closed doors, and introduced the concepts of packaging and positioning to the college-application vocabulary. The newest edition adapts the same principles to the digital age. But the core message remains: good colleges are not looking for the well-rounded kid theyre looking to put toget
29、her the well-rounded class. C)What were revelations in 1983 are common knowledge today at least among college-bound students, parents, and counselors. They also dont have to be told that the odds of getting into a “highly selective“ school are ridiculously low. Brown and Dartmouth will each accept a
30、bout 9 percent of applicants; Cornell, Northwestern, and Georgetown about 16 percent. And Harvard, Yale, and Stanford? Forget about it: less than 7 percent! D)Wanting to attend a “name“ school isnt illogical. And there is nothing illogical in parents wanting a better return on their investment. A co
31、lleges brand value-whether that schools name will be recognized and open employers door. E)Colleges, counselors, and parents talk a lot about finding the right “fit“ between a school and a student. In reality, the process is dominated by reputation. The problem is that college reputations have been
32、controlled by rankings. Far too many “ highly ranked“ colleges are gaining the rankings and trying to attract more and more applicants when the particular college is actually a poor “fit“ for many of the kids applying. Colleges want to attract and reject more kids because that “selectivity“ improves
33、 the institutions ranking. College presidents publicly complain there are too many college rankings. Privately, they admit they have to provide the data that feed that maw (大胃口 ).They cant afford to be left off a rankings list. The real losers in this system are students and their parents. A bad fit
34、 is costly, not just in dollars, but in time, energy, and psychological well-being. F)The emphasis should be on finding the right fit. But finding the right fit is not easy. Subjective guidebooks like Edward Fiskes originally titled The New York Times Selective Guide to Colleges are very useful and
35、consciously do not include rankings. Ted changed his three-category rating system to make it more difficult to simply add “stars“ and rank-list colleges. Even families who can afford to visit lots of colleges and endure the backward-walking tours find that campus personalities soon blur in their mem
36、ory. G)Thus it is not surprising that anxious, busy parents turn to rankings for shorthand comfort. Unfortunately, the data that U. S. News and other media companies are collecting are largely irrelevant. As a result, the rankings they generate are not meaningless, just misleading.Some examples-. U.
37、 S. News places a good deal of emphasis on the percentage of faculty who hold a “terminal degree“ typically a PhD. Unfortunately, a terminal degree does not correlate (和 相关） in any way with whether that professor is a good teacher. It also doesnt improve that professors accessibility to students. In
38、 fact, there is usually such a correlation: the more senior the professor, the less time they have for undergraduates. H)U. S. News second most heavily weighted factor after a colleges six-year graduation rate is a peer assessment of colleges by college presidents and admissions deans. You read that
39、 right: administrators are asked to evaluate colleges that are competitive with their own school. If not an complete conflict of interest, this measure is highly suspect. I)Even some seemingly reasonable “inputs“ are often meaningless. U. S. News heavily weights the number of classes with fewer than
40、 20 students. But small classes are like comfort food: it is what high-school kids are familiar with. They have never sat in a large lecture hall with a very interesting speaker. So it is not something they could look forward or value. J)While most rankings suffer from major problems in criteria (标准
41、 )and inputs, the biggest problem is simpler: all the ranking systems use weightings that reflect the editors personal biases.Very simply, some editors priorities are undoubtedly going to be different from what is important to me. Assuredly, my preferences are different from my kids.And both will di
42、ffer markedly from our neighbors objectives. K)Colleges say they truly want to attract kids for whom the school will be a good fit. To make good on that promise, colleges need to provide families with insight, not just information; and they need to focus on outputs, not just inputs. Collecting and s
43、haring four sets of very different data would be a good start: Better insight into the quality of education a student will get on that campus. Colleges need to share the exam scores for all students applying to medical school, law school, business school, and graduate programs. These tests reflect n
44、ot just the ability of the kids whove gone to that college, but what theyve learned in the three-plus years theyve attended. Colleges need to assess a campus “happiness“ coefficient (系数 ). A happy campus is a more productive learning environment; and one that has a lower incidence of alcohol and dru
45、g abuse. L)A fifth useful metric is what employers both nationally and regionally think of graduates from particular colleges. Hiring preferences are a useful proxy (代表 )for reputation. M)The last piece in enabling families to find a better fit will come from entrepreneurs. Some smart “kids“ will de
46、velop an online tool that will allow students and parents to take this new college-reported data and assign weighting factors to the characteristics that are important to them. The tool would then generate a customized ranking of colleges that reflects the familys priorities not some editors. N)Coll
47、eges may complain about the rankings, but they are complicit (串通一气的 )in keeping them. It is reminiscent (怀旧的 )of the classic Claude Raines line in Casablanca: “Im shocked, shocked to find that gambling is going on in here!“ If colleges really want kids for whom their college is a good fit, they will
48、 collect and publish the types of honest data that will give families a better basis for smart decisions. 47 The rankings generated on the basis of data collected by U. S. News and other media companies are misleading. 48 It is more productive to study in a happy campus that has a lower rate of happ
49、ening of alcohol and drug abuse. 49 Usually, its true that a more senior professor may have less time to teach undergraduates. 50 There is no doubt that the rankings of colleges is the major factor for most of the applicants to choose the top colleges. 51 It is common knowledge for students, parents, and counselors that the possibilities to be enrolled by a highly selective school are faint. 52 The reputation of colleges can b
