1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 139及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours wants to buy a book, which book would you like to r
2、ecommend to him/her and why? Section A （ A） Meet Miss Lee at 3:30 p. m. today. （ B） Talk with Miss Lee on the phone. （ C） Have a meeting with the woman. （ D） Take a message for the woman. （ A） The man was reading something about the new product. （ B） The man was talking on the phone. （ C） The woman
3、was interested in the new product. （ D） The woman was bored with the telephone. （ A） He has a pain in the neck. （ B） He listens to music while sleeping. （ C） He cares little about other people. （ D） He is fed up with the man. （ A） Something is wrong with the air conditioner. （ B） The man is going to
4、 fix the air conditioner. （ C） The woman can use the air conditioner for free. （ D） The woman is worried about the quality. （ A） In a restaurant. （ B） In a hotel. （ C） In a supermarket. （ D） In a greengrocers. （ A） Eat something else. （ B） Lose weight soon. （ C） Tempt the man to eat something. （ D）
5、Buy some candies herself. （ A） The color of the outfit is perfect. （ B） The trousers look wonderful. （ C） The outfit goes well with the trousers. （ D） The outfit is better than the trousers. （ A） The womans school choir. （ B） The mans experience of singing. （ C） The mans interest in singing. （ D） Th
6、e womans talent for singing. （ A） She cant find it. （ B） She will fix it right now. （ C） She asks the man to sew it. （ D） She forgets where it is. （ A） It cannot be removed. （ B） It is from some drinks. （ C） It is made by the woman. （ D） It is newly made. （ A） 20% of the full price. （ B） 80% of the
7、full price. （ C） Half of the full price. （ D） Full price. （ A） To take a computer class. （ B） To have an interview. （ C） To ask the man some questions. （ D） To discuss about the advertisement. （ A） She has a computer related major. （ B） She can mend computers. （ C） She is good at language. （ D） She
8、is a college student now. （ A） Software can solve all the problems. （ B） Software may take the place of hardware. （ C） Hardware is not needed any more. （ D） Hardware will develop better. （ A） Surprised. （ B） Disappointed. （ C） Self-confident. （ D） Hesitating. Section B （ A） It defines who they are.
9、（ B） It makes their life colorful. （ C） Its a process of learning. （ D） It makes them confident. （ A） They are tired of working hard. （ B） They hate and fear obstacles. （ C） They are afraid of plague. （ D） They want to save more time. （ A） It is something that they can control. （ B） They know the si
10、tuation well enough. （ C） They are always very powerful. （ D） They hate to be regarded as lazy. （ A） They admire them. （ B） They feel happy for them. （ C） They feel inferior to them. （ D） They feel jealous and threatened. （ A） Stop feeling depressed from parenting. （ B） Avoid the fear-based parentin
11、g. （ C） Pay more attention to children. （ D） Increase happiness in the family. （ A） Getting to know more about them. （ B） Improving their verbal ability. （ C） Making them willing to communicate. （ D） Giving them a sense of being admired. （ A） Be a model in front of them. （ B） Read a book to them. （
12、C） Tell them what is right. （ D） Punish them when they are wrong. （ A） Too much schoolwork and social work. （ B） A lot of new information to know. （ C） Too many professors names to remember. （ D） Starting to live in a strange environment. （ A） Other freshmen. （ B） Parents and relatives. （ C） Senior
13、students. （ D） Old friends. （ A） Mostly for studies. （ B） Both for studies and for fun. （ C） Mainly for social work. （ D） Both for studies and for work. Section C 26 Happiness is a choice: you can choose to be sad when everything is going well for you and you can choose to be happy even when nothing
14、 seems right. To be happy at all times, you need to make happiness a【 B1】 _and not just an act. 【 B2】 _is a sign of appreciation and you ought to show appreciation for life. Always wake up every morning in acknowledgment that someone died the【 B3】_night but you didnt: someone did not wake up but you
15、 did. Let me give you a little exercise next time you feel as if everything is【 B4】 _you and there is nothing to be thankful for, pick up a pen and a piece of paper and make a list of things you should be thankful for, for example, I woke up this morning, I have food on my table, I have clothes to w
16、ear, the skies are beautiful and the【 B5】 _is great. By the time you finish this little exercise, I can【 B6】 _you that you will feel better then. Unhappiness can【 B7】 _stressing our bodies and minds. Scientists believe that 20 minutes of exercise can make you happy regardless of how sad you may be.
17、Exercise【 B8】 _your heart rate and causes other changes. As your heart begins to pound, certain hormones(荷 尔蒙 )are【 B9】 _which create a sense of total well being and you begin to feel well again, the mind stress is gone and everything is【 B10】 _. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】
18、 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 In fact, even without humans, the Earths climate changes. Some climate change is【 C1】 _. But, as greenhouse gases are added to the atmosphere, human influence “emerges“ from natural variability. Droughts, one of the most intensely studied climate ev
19、ents, are a perfect example of a(n) 【 C2】 _with both natural and human influences. Separating the【 C3】_strengths of the influences is a challenge for scientists. However, with the large social and economic costs of droughts, it is a challenge the scientists must【 C4】 _. In a very recent study publis
20、hed in the Journal of Climate, authors Richard Seager and Martin Hoerling cleverly used climate models forced by sea surface temperatures to【 C5】 _how much of the past centurys North American droughts have been caused by ocean temperatures, natural variability and human influences. Droughts can be c
21、aused by a(n) 【 C6】 _of separate or interactional phenomena. At its root, drought results from the low【 C7】 _of water falling and sometimes higher temperatures(which increase evaporation rates). The beginning of drought can often be linked to variations in ocean temperatures. It is also found that t
22、he oceans can affect the atmosphere to create conditions that are【 C8】 _responsible for drought. Whats more, temperature increases【 C9】_with human-driven global warming also play a role. This【 C10】 _agrees with other researchers who have shown that, while human-emitted greenhouse gas warming may not
23、 cause a particular drought, it can make drought come on earlier, faster, and harder than it otherwise would. A)associated B)attached C)conclusion D)conduct E)distinguish F)effect G)natural H)partly I)quality J)quantity K)relative L)ridiculous M)simply N)undertake O)variety 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3
24、】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Which Low Carbon Technology Is Now a Reality? A)With fossil fuels expected to supply over 70% of the worlds energy needs by 2040, we face some urgent questions: where should efforts be focused in reducing greenhouse gas e
25、missions? Which technologies hold the most promise? There are a range of low-carbon solutions and given the challenge, we will need them all. We hear a lot about the advances being made by refreshable sources of energy such as solar, wind and hydro-electricity and these are certainly valuable techno
26、logies in combating climate change. But how can we really make a major impact in reducing carbon emissions from large power plants and industrial facilities? Enter carbon capture and storage or CCS a technology that captures CO2 from fossil fuel production and permanently stores it underground. B)Th
27、e aim is to prevent the release of large quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere(from fossil fuel use in power generation and other industries). It is a potential means of relieving the contribution of fossil fuel emissions to global warming and ocean acidification(酸化 ). Although CO2 has been injected
28、 into geological formations for several decades for various purposes, including enhanced oil recovery, the long term storage of CO2 is a relatively new concept. The first commercial example was Weyburn in 2000. CCS can also be used to describe the scrubbing(涤气 )of CO2 from environmental air as a cli
29、mate engineering technique. C)In November 2014 the Global CCS Institute released its flagship(核心的 )publication the annual Global Status of CCS report. This comprehensive annual update is the prominent source of information on the development of CCS around the world. A lot of work went into updating
30、information in the report, in cooperation with the CCS industry, as there had been quite significant changes to the CCS landscape in the preceding 12 months. This included the launch of a large-scale CCS project in the power sector and the beginning of construction of the worlds first large-scale CC
31、S project in the iron and steel sector. D)Large-scale CCS is now a reality in the power sector with the October 2014 launch of the Boundary Dam Integrated Carbon Capture and Storage Demonstration Project in Saskatchewan, Canada. Boundary Dam is the first commercial, CCS plant in the power sector, re
32、moving 90 per cent of the CO2 produced by electricity generation from lignite(褐煤 )coal at Production Unit No. 3 of the SaskPower facility. The captured CO2 is primarily used for enhanced oil recovery(EOR)at the nearby Weyburn oil field, although amounts are also to be stored in deep geological forma
33、tions at the Aquistore site. The success of the Boundary Dam project and the progression of additional projects through planning and construction, indicates that CCS technologies for application in the power sector are “ market ready“. E)The next 18 - 24 months will see CCS be applied across a range
34、 of industries and storage types. A further two large-scale CCS power projects are in construction in the US the Kemper County Energy Facility in Mississippi and the Petra Nova Carbon Capture Project in Texas. Both projects are expected to be operational in 2016. Also in the US, the Illinois Industr
35、ial CCS project planned for launch later this year will capture CO2 from the Archer Daniels Midland corn-to-ethanol(乙醇 )plant in Decatur, Illinois for storage in an onshore deep saline formation. The Abu Dhabi CCS project in the United Arab Emirates is under construction and from 2016 will provide t
36、he worlds first large-scale demonstration of CO2 capture from iron and steel production. F)In addition to the 22 large-scale CCS projects currently in operation or construction around the world, 14 projects are in advanced stages of planning, many of which are likely to be in a position to make a fi
37、nal investment decision over the coming year. Together this group of projects covers a range of applications for CCS and could extend to around ten in the number of large-scale CCS projects operating in the power sector by the end of the decade. Their progression to operation would add experience in
38、 the dedicated geological storage of CO2 and see operational large-scale CCS activity extend to China for the first time. G)2014 saw commercial application in the power sector become a reality and we can look forward to a further expansion across a diverse range of industries in the coming years. Th
39、e Global CCS Institute continues to cover developments in CCS with up-to-date information, expert insights, workshops, media releases and online seminars. We struggle to make CCS industry information easily accessible and encourage you to engage with us via our website and regular publications. H)Fo
40、r detailed information on large-scale CCS projects please visit our online Projects page, which you can browse or search for projects based on stage, region, industry or capture, transport and storage type. For the first time the Institutes website contains project descriptions for around 40 lesser
41、scale “remarkable“ CCS projects, of which four Japanese “remarkable“ CCS projects were the key focus of a chapter in the Global Status of CCS report. For ongoing expert information visit our Insights page, which is regularly updated with articles from experts in carbon capture and storage, public en
42、gagement, legal issues and policy developments. I)To join in the discussion you can attend meetings and workshops around the world, and participate in online seminars where you will have the opportunity to listen to and ask questions of a range of experts. Visit our Events page to see upcoming meeti
43、ngs, conferences, workshops and seminars. Finally, for a range of up-to-date news and more detailed information, visit our news and publications sections. We look forward to covering this exciting period in the development of CCS and providing you with the latest information and important issues for
44、 the sector. 47 Carbon dioxide has been stored in geological formations for different purposes: however, its long term storage is comparatively new. 48 A final investment decision on many projects in the planning stages is likely to be made within the next year. 49 The case of Boundary Dam project a
45、nd a series of advancements show that CCS technologies are prepared for its application in the power sector. 50 More than 70% of the energy demand all over the world is expected to be supplied by fossil fuels by 2040. 51 Information about CCS development all over the world can be obtained from the a
46、nnual Global Status of CCS report. 52 The purpose of CCS technology is to avoid releasing a large amount of CO2 into the atmosphere. 53 The commercial use of CCS in the power sector was realized in 2014. 54 The online Projects page and Insights page of Global CCS Institute will provide detailed info
47、rmation on large CCS projects and expert information. 55 It will take a year-and-a-half to two years for us to see CCS be widely used in various industries and storage types. 56 Renewable energy technologies have made great progress, which will help to fight against climate change. Section C 56 In L
48、ondon, over half of the homes built between 1919 and 1980 had one garage. But many are becoming needless. Between 2002 and 2012 the proportion of vehicles kept in garages at night dropped from 22% to 14% . This is in part because some households now have more cars than garage space. But it is also b
49、ecause big modern cars do not fit in older garages, says David Leibling, a transport expert. Few rust when left outside, and many are more difficult to steal: between 2003 and 2013 the number of vehicle being stolen in England and Wales fell 76% . Instead, garages now solve a different set of problems. Householders unable to move to larger homes have taken to filling their garages with unnecessary and unwanted things. Some garages have been converted for aging parents
