1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 167及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of finance management. You should write at least 120 words but no
2、more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） To reach an agreement between the two sides. （ B） To invite some celebrity to join the new firm. （ C） To publicize their activities. （ D） To wait for approval by an authority concerned. （ A） It wants to absorb more hot singers.
3、（ B） It will fight against other music companies. （ C） It faces the challenge of the falling music sale. （ D） It can eliminate the problems they faced before. （ A） Thursday. （ B） 45 days ago. （ C） Tuesday. （ D） Wednesday. （ A） An assisted suicide organization. （ B） A travel agency. （ C） A hospital.
4、（ D） A police station. （ A） 1,970. （ B） 1,980. （ C） 4,700. （ D） 2,600. （ A） The spirit of fair play. （ B） Mutual understanding. （ C） Respect to each other. （ D） Refusal to drugs. （ A） Intelligent. （ B） Imagine. （ C） Image. （ D） Impression. Section B （ A） In a drugstore. （ B） In a supermarket. （ C） O
5、n the phone. （ D） On the Internet. （ A） She is going to have dinner with the man. （ B） She is going back home for her parents anniversary. （ C） She is going to visit her friends in New Orleans. （ D） She is going to work over time in the office. （ A） It is the womans hometown. （ B） The womans parents
6、 will have celebration there. （ C） The woman went to university there. （ D） The womans relatives will take a trip there. （ A） The woman should be alert to heavy traffic. （ B） Many people go to the countryside at the weekend. （ C） The woman should guard against robbers on the way. （ D） Give him a cal
7、l when the woman arrives home. （ A） To free his mind off work. （ B） To enrich himself. （ C） To make new friends. （ D） To kill the time. （ A） Expensive. （ B） Unusual. （ C） Interesting. （ D） Relaxing. （ A） She started collecting stamps from her childhood. （ B） A good stamp collection can be built in a
8、 short time. （ C） A rare set of stamps is worth a lot of money. （ D） It is nearly impossible to collect a rare set of stamps. （ A） Electronics. （ B） Collecting umbrellas. （ C） Collecting stamps. （ D） Playing golf or tennis. Section C （ A） It is an international organization （ B） It only exists in po
9、or countries. （ C） People always think highly of it. （ D） Anyone can join the group easily. （ A） To try to stop the war in Italy. （ B） To help the wounded in the battle. （ C） To form an international treaty. （ D） To aid the injured in the earthquake. （ A） Protecting the prisoners of war. （ B） Teachi
10、ng first aid to the public. （ C） Raising money for public fund. （ D） Publicizing the idea of charity. （ A） They are offered for those with an interest in the courses. （ B） Employers and employees in a company are both welcome. （ C） People who will retire in a few years are the target students. （ D）
11、Students from a normal university can attend the courses. （ A） Specialist speakers. （ B） Retired people. （ C） Employers. （ D） Senior citizens. （ A） They can attend any courses for free. （ B） They arrange discussion groups for people. （ C） They learn how to communicate with others. （ D） They want to
12、be carpenters or craftsmen. （ A） It charges at a reduced rate. （ B） It is available every day. （ C） It is open to all people. （ D） It is provided only in the evening. （ A） They have to learn basics of English. （ B） They know clearly what they want to learn. （ C） It is good for them to learn general
13、English skills. （ D） They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. （ A） The knowledge of teachers. （ B） The behaviors of students. （ C） The principles of schools. （ D） The introduction of books. （ A） English for doctors. （ B） English for lawyers. （ C） English for reporters. （ D） English for
14、businessman. Section A 26 A paper, Anatomy(剖析 )of a Large Scale Social Search Engine, laying out a strategy for social search has been getting a good deal of attention in tech circles. It was written by Damon Horowitz and Sepandar Kamvar of Aardvark, one of several companies【 C1】 _on creating social
15、 search engines. Social search【 C2】 _to connect people with questions to people who can answer those questions. By contrast, regular Web searches take questions, break them into keywords, and then find Web sites that have the most【 C3】 _to these keywords. The idea has been floating around tech circl
16、es for years. Yahoo, among others, has tried to develop social search as a way to【 C4】 _Google. The idea has gained impulse with the increased use of Twitter and Facebook, where people【 C5】 _on their networks for information, blasting questions to their social networks and, getting useful, personali
17、zed【 C6】 _. Aardvark and its competitors are trying to create better tools for people with questions to connect to people with answers. Some people think social search has the potential to go beyond Google and【 C7】 _change the way people use the Internet. From a technical standpoint, Aardvarks task
18、is easier than Googles. But there are also some【 C8】 _shortcomings to Aardvarks approach. Getting answers through social search requires someone else to do something, so it cannot produce the【 C9】_satisfaction that comes from typing something into a Web search box and watching a page of results appe
19、ar. For Aardvark to be successful, it needs to enlist the participation of【 C10】 _answerers. A)working E)fundamentally I)competent M)relation B)researches F)specializing J)significant N)challenge C)aims G)constant K)relevance O)rely D)responses H)primarily L)instant 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C
20、4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Why Minority Students Dont Graduate from College ABarry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoins efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the school has boosted the proportion of so-calle
21、d under-represented minority students(blacks, Latinos(拉丁美洲人 ), and Native Americans, about 30 percent of the U.S population)in entering freshman classes from 8 percent to 13 percent. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While nine out of 10 white st
22、udents routinely get their diplomas within six years, only seven out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes. BThe United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the
23、 rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25-to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and nonwhite students are eager to graduate f
24、rom collegebut their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college-graduation rates become a threat to natio
25、nal prosperity. CThe problem is noticeable at public universities. In 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madisonone of the top five or so “public Ivies“graduated 81 percent of its white students within six years, but only 56 percent of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get wors
26、e. Community colleges have low graduation rates generallybut rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15 percent of African-Americans did so as well. DPrivate colleges and universit
27、ies generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. “Higher educatio
28、n has been able to get around this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student,“ says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. “If they fail, its their fault.“ Some critics blame affirmative actionstudents admitted with lower test sc
29、ores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at top schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are “undermatched“: they could get into better, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state scho
30、ols that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the billknowing full well that the students wont make it. “Colleges know that a lot of kids they take will end up in remedial classes, for which theyll
31、 get no college credit and then theyll be dismissed,“ says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. “The school gets to keep the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end.“ EA college education is getting ever more
32、 expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. University administrators insist that most of those hikes are matched by increased scholarship grants or loans, but the recession has decreased private endowments(捐助 )and cut into state spending on higher educat
33、ion. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university equaled 28 percent of median family income, while a four-year private university cost 76 percent of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on scores, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed co
34、nsumers. Often they end up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out. FThere once was a time when universities took an unreasonable pride in their drop-out rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, “Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not
35、going to be here by the end of the year.“ But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer co
36、unseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the faster pace of a university classroom, and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. GState and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation
37、 rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them a head start on college-level courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and nonwhite students as early as the seventh grade, using
38、new tools like hip-hop competitions to identify kids with sophisticated verbal(语言的 )means. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support. HWith effort and
39、 money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Virginia. Its student body is less than 5 percent black and less than 2 percent Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90 percent of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had di
40、pped to 63 percent by 2007. “We went through a dramatic shift,“ says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring(师徒制 )of minorities by other students and “partnering“ with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever bl
41、ack homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them. 37 The recessions impact on higher educa
42、tion is that universities receive fewer contributions from individuals. 38 More attention should be paid to increase the graduation rate of minorities in order to keep up in the global economic race. 39 Before the minorities enter university, some private colleges arrange them to take part in colleg
43、e-level courses. 40 Private colleges and universities have higher graduation rates for minorities partly because they pay more attention to students individual need. 41 Since Americans rank in graduation rate dropped dramatically, the young may be less well educated than their fathers. 42 The “under
44、matched“ students dont receive enough help from colleges or schools. 43 A recent review found that a third of the Asian students managed to graduate from college, while the graduation rate of African-Americans was worse. 44 Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College was proud of the Colleges high
45、er enrollment rate of minority students. 45 The University of Wisconsin-Madison managed to narrow the graduation gap by organizing programs to help students adapt to the pace of class pattern. 46 Washington and Lee worked together with parents as partners to help minorities at a special pre-enroll-m
46、ent session. Section C 46 If youre like most people, youre way too smart for advertising. You skip right past newspaper ads, never click on ads online and leave the room during TV commercials. That, at least, is what we tell ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is
47、 why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business. And if Martin Lindstromauthor of the best seller Buyology and a marketing consultant for Fortune 500 companies, including PepsiCo and Disneyis correct, trying to tune this stuff out is about to get a whole lot harder
48、. Lindstrom is a practitioner of neuromarketing(神经营销学 )research, in which consumers are exposed to ads while hooked up to machines that monitor brain activity, sweat responses and movements in face muscles, all of which are markers of emotion. According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertisin
49、g principally engage only one of our senses: sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans to catch our ear, largely ignoring everyday soundsa baby laughing and other noises our bodies cant help paying attention to. Weave this stuff into an ad campaign, and we may be powerless to resist it. To figure out what most appeals to our ear, Lindstrom wired up his volunteers, then played the
