1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 170及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on success and persistence. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha
2、n 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） Because the holiday has gone. （ B） Because a horror attack happened. （ C） Because few flights fly to Egypt. （ D） Because wealthy tourists may be caught. （ A） Tourists from Russia. （ B） Tourists from Britain. （ C） Tourists from Arab coun
3、tries. （ D） Tourists from Egypt. （ A） 8,500. （ B） 160. （ C） 1,000. （ D） 500. （ A） To standardize the curriculum. （ B） To end all tuition fees. （ C） To set aside room for all students. （ D） To make the students allowance higher. （ A） To reduce the risk of heart attack. （ B） To help people stop smokin
4、g. （ C） To reduce the sales of traditional tobacco. （ D） To test the benefit and harm of e-cigarette. （ A） It is useless. （ B） it might cause air pollution. （ C） It is too expensive. （ D） Its function is unknown. （ A） 1/5 of adults smoke in the UK. （ B） 2/3 of smokers get breathing diseases. （ C） 10
5、 million of them are reluctant to quit smoking. （ D） 15 million of them have tried e-cigarette. Section B （ A） He often goes on exploring expeditions. （ B） He is a racing driver for many years. （ C） He likes to join in extreme sports. （ D） He often drives fast during the night. （ A） During the Briti
6、sh Grand Prix. （ B） During the Mexican Grand Prix. （ C） On his way to the studio. （ D） During his last race. （ A） Several drivers were killed in the accident. （ B） There was a multiple motor vehicle collision. （ C） His car ran into the car in front of him. （ D） His car was damaged but he wasnt hurt.
7、 （ A） There were too many cars. （ B） He saw a traffic accident. （ C） He hit a car in front of him. （ D） His car suddenly flamed out. （ A） For quiet concentration. （ B） For fresh air and excitement. （ C） For a special course. （ D） For less money involved. （ A） Outdoor hobbies. （ B） Indoor hobbies. （
8、C） Money-saving hobbies. （ D） Time-consuming hobbies. （ A） She learned it when she was a small child. （ B） She started it when she was a student. （ C） She didnt learn it until she left school. （ D） She started it after she was married. （ A） By attending special courses. （ B） With the help of her fri
9、ends. （ C） By reading books on hobbies. （ D） Under the guidance of her mother. Section C （ A） To find the similarity of soybeans in the world. （ B） To protect soybeans against dry condition. （ C） To collect materials for their papers. （ D） To study the impact of global warming. （ A） China is the onl
10、y country to grow soybeans. （ B） China is the ancestral home of soybeans. （ C） China has a long history of growing soybeans. （ D） China has different kinds of soybeans. （ A） They produce the same yield in different locations. （ B） They are suitable to grow only in the United States. （ C） They produc
11、e better quality soybeans under dry weather. （ D） They have better production under drought conditions. （ A） They like mass produced things. （ B） They design things themselves and sell them. （ C） They make clothes and tools for themselves. （ D） They use crafts to decorate their homes. （ A） In shoppi
12、ng centers or churches. （ B） In community or parking lots. （ C） On playgrounds or country grounds. （ D） In public parks or on county grounds. （ A） Candies and toys. （ B） Clothes and gifts. （ C） Rides and shows. （ D） Rides and foods. （ A） Things in craft fairs have better quality than in stores. （ B）
13、 They want to buy things that are different and original. （ C） It is more convenient to buy things in craft fairs. （ D） They can buy everything they want in craft fairs. （ A） It is the largest supplier of valuable minerals. （ B） It will disappear in about thirty years. （ C） It is beginning to grow s
14、maller and smaller. （ D） It offers many resources to help mankind survive. （ A） Iron and copper. （ B） Gold and copper. （ C） Nickel and bronze. （ D） Iron and bronze. （ A） The sea level will be 20 centimeters higher than it is now. （ B） The sea will be empty if we continue fishing at this pace. （ C） T
15、he problems to explore the sea will have been largely solved. （ D） People will depend largely on sea foods and minerals. Section A 26 When Louise Brown was born on 25 July 1978, she kicked off an era. The first “test tube baby“ is a mother herself now, and shes been joined by millions of others born
16、 with the【 C1】 _of in vitro fertilization(体外受精 ), or IVF. Now specialists wonder whether people who were conceived by IVF are likely to be【 C2】 _. “By and large, the kids are just fine. Its not like the kids having【 C3】 _arms or heads,“ says Carmen Sapienza, a scientist at Temple University. But non
17、e is older than their early 30s, and the vast【 C4】 _are under the age of 20, so they havent had time for long-term health problems to show up. One source of worry is that so many IVF babies have low birth weight. Children-conceived through IVF are more likely to【 C5】 _less than 2.5 kilograms than ar
18、e babies conceived【 C6】 _. That could spell trouble ahead, because low-birth-weight babies often have long-term health problems. Theyre more likely to be obese, to have diabetes(糖尿病 )or other problems. With that in mind, Sapienza and colleagues have looked at genes that are likely to play a role in
19、such health problems. They found that certain DNA-patterns, which affect how genes are【 C7】 _, are different between IVF and non-IVF children. Theres no way to tell if thats because of the【 C8】 _used to produce the IVF babies or whether the difference has something to do with the underlying infertil
20、ity problem the parents had. Its also【 C9】 _whether these gene-expression differences will translate into health differences. But it does suggest that children conceived by IVF are【 C10】 _on some level. A)weigh E)unclear I)unique M)majority B)technology F)naturally J)healthy N)minority C)help G)expr
21、essed K)explained O)completely D)unsure H)procedure L)extra 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 What If A College Education Just Isnt for Everyone? ALong before the president swore last year that America will “have the highest propo
22、rtion of college graduates in the world“ by 2020, the importance placed on going to college was firmly rooted in the American soul. The case is compelling: As good jobs increasingly require more education, college is widely seen as the ticket to personal economic security and to global competitivene
23、ss. And yet, theres a potential trend of concern about a group of students sometimes called “the forgotten half,“ who, for whatever reason, do not think college is for them. Its expressed by soul-searching parents such as Crave, whose son doesnt thrive in the classroom. Its also expressed increasing
24、ly by educators, economists and policy analysts, who question whether its realistic and responsible to push students into college even if the odds of academic success seem low. BTheyre swimming against a powerful tide. A small but growing number of states now require all high-schoolers to take a col
25、lege entrance exam. Philadelphias mayor opened an office in City Hall last month to help residents get information about how to attain a college degree. Bill Gates, perhaps the worlds most famous college dropout, has poured more than $2 billion into programs and scholarships to help more students co
26、mplete college. But whats still getting lost, some argue, is that too many students are going to college not because they want to, but because they think they have to. “Were force-feeding them“ the idea that “you must go to college or youll be a second-class citizen,“ says Marty Nemko, a California
27、career counselor. Economic benefits, and more CThe debate over college is not new, but todays economic climate has raised the stakes. “Theres beginning to be a lot of concern among the American public thatif you dont get into that upper class, youre going to struggle your whole life,“ says Public Ag
28、endas Jean Johnson. A four-year degree is no guarantee of wealthy of course. About 25% of those with bachelors degrees earn less than those with two-year degrees, studies by Georgetown Universitys Center on Education and the Workforce have found. But research consistently has shown that, on average,
29、 those at the top of higher educations pecking order reap the most benefits, both economically and beyond. D“This is a market for social position, which is why we spend so much on going to Harvard and one of the reasons its hard to get a student excited“ about community college, says Anthony Carneva
30、le, director of the center. “Class is real, and it has consequences. The position you hold, where you work, really determines your status.“ Falling through the cracks EEconomists continue to debate the slight differences of trend data for jobs and wages. But some argue that college dropout rates alo
31、ne suggest many students are wasting their time and money. Federal data show that fewer than 60% of new students graduate from four-year colleges in six years, and just one in three community college students earn a degree. “Its fine for most kids to go to college, of course, but it is not obvious t
32、o me that that is the best option for the majority,“ says Mike Gould, founder of New Futures, a Washington, D.C.-based organization that provides scholarships for low-income students pursuing anything from a four-year degree to a massage-therapy certification. “Some education may be a good thing or
33、it may just be a lot of debt.“ FThe problem, Gould and others say, is that many high schools focus so much on college that low-achieving students fall through the cracks. A Public Agenda report this month raises similar concerns about high school guidance counseling. It follows up on a December surv
34、ey that concluded most young workers who dont have a college degree “are in their jobs by chance, not by choice,“ and that guidance toward a career path “is hardly clear and purposeful.“ The apprentice(学徒 )model GApprenticeships have long been popular in Europe, but workforce-oriented high school tr
35、aining is not nearly as common in U.S. schools. One reason is that such programs sound dangerously similar to tracking sorting students by ability level, a practice repeatedly rejected in U.S. culture, in which the dominant philosophy is that all students should have opportunity to meet their full p
36、otential. If high schools were to advise students that some education beyond high school is not necessary for everyone, “theres a little bit of a concern that. were saying a lesser goal is OK for the populations of students who have been historically least well-served by higher education,“ says Jane
37、 Wellman, executive director of Delta Project, which studies higher education spending. HIn recent years, male college-going and completion rates have raised concerns. But those least well-served historically are low-income and underrepresented minority students, who are less likely than their peers
38、 to pursue two- and four-year degrees, and most at risk of not completing college if they do enroll. ISome evidence suggests, though, that students already are being held to different standards. A recent national survey of high school teachers by ACT Inc., the educational testing company, found 71%
39、agreed “completely“ or “a great deal“ that high school graduates need the same set of skills and knowledge whether they plan to go to college or enter the workforce, yet 42% said teachers reduce academic expectations for students they perceive as not being college-bound. Studies released in November
40、 by Deloitte, an international consulting firm, suggest another disconnect: A survey of 400 low-income parents found that 89% say its “extremely“ or “very important“ that their child goes to college, but just 9% of high school teachers viewed preparing students for college as their most important mi
41、ssion. JDeloitte CEO Barry Salzberg, chairman of the College Summit, which seeks to increase college enrollment rates, says thats misguided. “I think we should measure high schools on their college entrance rate and figure out a way to track performance of high school graduates in college and see ho
42、w many go beyond one full year of college.“ But others say the enthusiasm to increase college-going rates ignores the reality that many students will be in over their heads once they start college. “College preparation for everyone is a very nice ideal, but we have a very high failure rate,“ says No
43、rthwestern University professor James Rosenbaum. “If we dont start letting counselors be frank, were not going to fix this system.“ 37 High college dropout rate indicates that some students are wasting their time and money in college. 38 Historically speaking, minority students, being poor and under
44、represented, are the least well-served group in college education. 39 Some are worried that the high college failure rates will be ignored if we put too much emphasis on increasing college-going rates. 40 The apprenticeship in the U.S. is not as popular as in Europe in that the model conflicts with
45、the U.S. dominant culture. 41 To increase college graduation rate, the mayor of Philadelphia informed residents about how to get a college degree. 42 College education is always considered as the ticket to economic security and high competitive power. 43 Teachers will lower their academic expectatio
46、ns of those who are considered as not being college-bound. 44 The studies by Georgetown Universitys Center on Education and the Workforce show a bachelors degree doesnt necessarily bring high wages. 45 Many students think they have to go to college because thats the way to the upper social position.
47、 46 According to the survey in December, those who dont have a college degree are in theirs jobs by chance. Section C 46 Its hot now in Afghanistan, where 35% of the population is under-fed. But soon it will be cold, and many of the countrys roads will become inaccessible because of snow and landsli
48、des, making it difficult to get food to market. Knowing these things gets Stacy McCoy out of bed every morning and out into the countryside, visiting Afghani women and farmers to offer new agricultural techniques and hardier seeds. She also works to improve their marketing skills so that they can be
49、 exposed to new ways to sell goods in the marketplace. The marketing efforts have helped organize the women and farmers into teams so that they have more food to offer collectively and can work more closely together to share their knowledge. McCoy is one of many American scientists who have devoted their careers to international development in the name of making the world a better place. “It can be hard living away from family and that is a choice sometimes goin
