1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of finance management. You should write at least 120 words but no m
2、ore than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） She hasnt finished reading the book. （ B） She wont lend her book to the man. （ C） The man doesnt need the book. （ D） The man can use her book if he likes. （ A） To make an appointment with Mr. Green. （ B） To arrange a date with th
3、e woman. （ C） To postpone his appointment with Mr. Green to 4 oclock. （ D） To make sure that Mr. Green will see him at 4 oclock. （ A） The blue one is too fancy for him. （ B） Blue is one of his favorite colors. （ C） He doesnt like either of the two. （ D） He never wears silk or wool. （ A） Buy a comput
4、er for himself. （ B） Borrow some money to buy a computer. （ C） Wait a while before buying a computer. （ D） Find a better way to invest his savings. （ A） He decides not to take chemistry. （ B） Hes been tired of physics. （ C） Hes already found a partner. （ D） Hes too busy to find a partner. （ A） Buyin
5、g a car from an advertisement. （ B） Putting an advertisement in newspaper. （ C） Dealing with a second-hand car. （ D） Taking in a newspaper for a week. （ A） The two speakers will go home first. （ B） The two speakers will have dinner at home. （ C） The two speakers will have dinner outside. （ D） The tw
6、o speakers wont go to the concert. （ A） Ask the professor when hell be available. （ B） Help the woman to contact the professor. （ C） Solve the question for the woman. （ D） Ask the professor to clarify the question. （ A） Take a job to pay the tuition fees. （ B） Visit his parents in his hometown. （ C）
7、 Spend the summer with his friends. （ D） Work as a volunteer in South Africa. （ A） Her home is too far away from her university. （ B） Her parents have been volunteering in South America. （ C） She is too busy to go back home visiting her parents. （ D） She has to take a part-time job during vacations.
8、 （ A） The loaning rate is too high. （ B） The loan procedure is complex. （ C） She wouldnt be able to get a loan. （ D） She hates to have debt burden. （ A） Stay with her parents the whole summer. （ B） Take a full-time job to earn some money. （ C） Go back home and take a part-time job. （ D） Apply for a
9、loan and stay with her parents. （ A） She needs to do some research on industrial architecture. （ B） Albert Kahn is the womans most-respected architect. （ C） She is interested in his classical design and industrial design. （ D） Albert Kahn designed many grand factories all over the world. （ A） They w
10、ere inefficient. （ B） They had wooden frames. （ C） They were spacious and airy. （ D） They didnt provide enough light. （ A） It made the buildings solid and fireproof. （ B） It decreased workers labor intensity. （ C） It shortened the construction period. （ D） It beautified the outlook of the buildings.
11、 Section B （ A） It has become extinct. （ B） Its number will increase continually. （ C） It is taken off the endangered-species list. （ D） It is Americas national symbol. （ A） It weakened their eggshells. （ B） It poisoned their habitat. （ C） It killed them directly. （ D） It killed all the fish they fe
12、ed on. （ A） Reintroduce them from Europe. （ B） Make a ban on killing them. （ C） Feed them on uncontaminated fish. （ D） Pass a law to ban DDT. （ A） DDT. （ B） The disturbing of nests. （ C） Hunting. （ D） The destruction of their natural homes. （ A） They realize the importance of keeping fit. （ B） There
13、 are too many traffic jams. （ C） The economy is slowing down. （ D） Gas is in short supply. （ A） To reduce the percentage of bike riders. （ B） To create special lanes for bike riders. （ C） To make the city beautiful and green. （ D） To reduce environmental pollution. （ A） He has never driven his own c
14、ar to work. （ B） He moved to Washington, D.C. 6 years ago. （ C） He was hit by a car twice in Portland. （ D） He now lives in Washington, D.C. （ A） Surgeons were not sure of the risk of operation. （ B） Its very hard to find a suitable organ donor. （ C） Human body was not receptive to foreign tissue. （
15、 D） Patients white blood cells would be destroyed. （ A） The donor and recipient are identical twins. （ B） The transplanted organ is from the recipients relatives. （ C） The donors blood type is the same as the recipients. （ D） The recipient is not infected during the operation. （ A） They tried to mak
16、e the transplanting safer. （ B） They shifted their attention to “nonessential“ parts of the body. （ C） They focused on transplanting several organs at one operation. （ D） They did research to develop less expensive anti-rejection drugs. Section C 26 Learning to play a musical instrument can change y
17、our brain, with a US review finding music training can lead to improved speech and foreign language skills. Although it has been suggested in the past that listening to Mozart or other【 B1】_ music could make you smarter, there has been little evidence to show that music【 B2】 _brain power. But a data
18、-driven review by Northwestern University has pulled together research that links musical training to learning that【 B3】 _into skills including language, speech, memory, attention and even vocal emotion. Researcher Nina Kraus said the data【 B4】 _suggested that the neural connections made during musi
19、cal training also primed the brain for other aspects of human communication. “The effect of music training suggests that, similar to physical exercise and its【 B5】_on body fitness, music is a resource that tones the brain for auditory fitness and thus requires society to re-examine the role of music
20、 in shaping【 B6】 _ development,“ the researchers said in their study. Kraus said learning musical sounds could【 B7】 _the brains ability to adapt and change and also enable the nervous system to provide supporting【 B8】 _ that are important to learning. The study, published in Nature Reviews Neuroscie
21、nce, looked at the explosion of research in recent years【 B9】 _ the effects of music training on the nervous system which could have strong implications for education. The study found that playing an instrument prepares the brain to choose what is relevant in a complex process that may involve readi
22、ng or remembering a score, timing issues and【 B10】 _other musicians. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Over the last two years, in the PC business Michael Dell has been beaten like a rented mule. His company continues to lose mark
23、et【 C1】 _particularly in the U.S. Industry analysts would say that Dell has done a poor job of bringing out【 C2】_and attractive products. Apple Mac sales keep rising. HP, Sony, and Lenovo have【 C3】 _new product lines which have had warm【 C4】 _. Dells core business is being hit by three things. The f
24、irst is that the company was fairly late at【 C5】 _into retail outlets(零售店 )overseas. It【 C6】 _on its direct sales model for too long. The second problem is that the recession has【 C7】_Dells sales. Dells final problem is that it cannot find the right people to run the company. It【 C8】 _dumped most of
25、 the senior management that it hired just over a year ago. It takes time for new people to get up to speed. Word has gotten out that Dell plans to launch its own high-end smartphone. Dell does not do well what it is supposed to do well. It has become a second rate PC company. It proposes to partiall
26、y offset that by entering a business which is controlled by Apple and RIM, the maker of the Blackberry. Because smartphone margins are high, Nokia, the world largest cellphone company, Samsung, and Sony Ericsson are also【 C9】_into the market. The traffic jam is going to be【 C10】 _. So Dell cant win
27、in the handset business. What it ought to do is to try to improve its PC business. A)receptions B)depended C)share D)extraordinary E)targeting F)innovative G)launched H)declined I)comprehensive J)recently K)rushing L)expressions M)expanding N)consequently O)cut 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41
28、 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Theres No Place Like Home A)On almost any night of the week, Churchills Restaurant is hopping. The 10-year-old hot spot in Rockville Centre, Long Island, is packed with locals drinking beer and eating burgers, with some customers spil
29、ling over onto the street. “We have lots of regularspeople who are recognized when they come in,“ says co-owner Kevin Culhane. In fact, regulars make up more than 80 percent of the restaurants customers. “People feel comfortable and safe here,“ Culhane says, “This is their place.“ B)Thriving neighbo
30、rhood restaurants are one small data point in a larger trend I call the new localism. The basic idea: the longer people stay in their homes and communities, the more they identify with those places, and the greater their commitment to helping local businesses and institutions thrive, even in a downt
31、urn. Several factors are driving this process, including an aging population, suburbanization, the Internet, and an increased focus on family life. And even as the recession has begun to yield to recoveiy, our commitment to our local roots is only going to grow deeper. Evident before the recession,
32、the new localism will shape how we live and work in the coming decades, and may even influence the course of our future politics. C)Perhaps nothing will be as surprising about 21st-century America as its settledness. For more than a generation Americans have believed that “spatial mobility“ would in
33、crease, and, as it did, feed a trend toward rootlessness and anomie(社会道德沦丧 ). In 2000, Harvards Robert Putnam made a point in Bowling Alone, in which he wrote about the “civic malaise“ he saw gripping the country. In Putnams view, society was being undermined, largely due to suburbanization and what
34、 he called “the growth of mobility.“ D)Yet in reality Americans actually are becoming less nomadic(游牧的 ). As recently as the 1970s as many as one in five people moved annually; by 2006, long before the current recession took hold, that number was 14 percent, the lowest rate since the census(人口普查 )st
35、arting following movement in 1940. Since then tougher times have accelerated these trends, in large part because opportunities to sell houses and find new employment have dried up. In 2008, the total number of people changing residences was less than those who did so in 1962, when the country had 12
36、0 million fewer people. The stay-at-home trend appears particularly strong among aging boomers, who stay tied to their suburban homes close to family, friends, clubs, churches, and familiar surroundings. E)The trend will not bring back the corner grocery stores and the declining organizations bowlin
37、g leagues, Boy Scouts, and such cited by Putnam and others as the traditional glue of American communities. Nor will our car-oriented suburbs copy the close neighborhood feel so celebrated by romantic urbanists. Instead, were evolving in ways fit for a postindustrial society. It will not spell the d
38、ecline of Wal-Mart or Costco, but will express itself in scores of alternative institutions, such as thriving local weekly newspapers that have withstood the shift to the Internet far better than big-city dailies. F)Our less mobile nature is already reshaping the corporate world. The kind of corpora
39、te mobility described in Peter Kilborns recent book, Next Stop, Reloville: Life Inside Americas Rootless Professional Class, in which families relocate every couple of years so the breadwinner can reach a higher step on the managerial ladder, will become less common in years ahead. A smaller group o
40、f corporate executives may still move from place to place, but surveys reveal many executives are now unwilling to move even for a good promotion. Why? Family and technology are two key factors working against mobility, in the workplace and elsewhere. G)Family, as one Pew researcher notes, “matters
41、more than money when people make decisions about where to live.“ Interdependence is replacing independence. More parents are helping their children financially well into their 30s and 40s; the numbers of “boomerang kids“ moving back home with their parents, has also been growing as job options and t
42、he ability to buy houses has decreased for the young. Recent surveys of the emerging generation suggest this family-centric focus will last well into the coming decades. H)Nothing allows for geographic choice more than the ability to work at home. Demographer(人口学家 )Wendell Cox suggests there will be
43、 more people working electronically at home full time than taking mass transportation, making it the largest potential source of energy savings on transportation. In the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles, almost one in 10 workers is a part-time telecommuter. Some studies indicate that more than
44、 one quarter of the U.S. workforce could eventually participate in this new work pattern. Even IBM, whose initials were once jokingly said to stand for “Ive Been Moved,“ has changed its approach. About 40 percent of the companys workers now labor at home or remotely from a clients location. I)These
45、home-based workers become critical to the localist economy. They will eat in local restaurants, attend fairs and festivals, take their kids to soccer practices, ballet lessons, or religious youth-group meetings. This is not merely a suburban phenomenon; localism also means a stronger sense of identi
46、ty for urban neighborhoods as well as smaller towns. J)Could the new localism also affect our future politics? Throughout our history, we have always preferred our politics more on the home-cooked side. On his visit to America in the early 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville was struck by the decentralized
47、 nature of the country. “The intelligence and the power are spread abroad,“ he wrote, “and instead of radiating from a point, they cross each other in every direction.“ K)This is much the same today. The majority of Americans still live in a combination of smaller towns and cities, including many su
48、burban towns within large metropolitan regions. After decades of hurried mobility, we are seeing a return to placeness, along with more choices for individuals, families, and communities. For entrepreneurs like Kevin Culhane and his workers at Churchills, its a phenomenon that may also offer a lease
49、 on years of new profits. “Were holding our own in these times because we appeal to the people around here,“ Culhane says. And as places like Long Island become less bedroom community and more round-the-clock location for work and play, hes likely to have plenty of hungry customers. 47 When visiting the US in the early 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville found that the country had the nature of decentralization. 48 The stay-at-home trends ha
