1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 243及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Urban Waterlogging (内涝 ) following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1如今不少大城市一下暴雨就出现城市内涝的现象 2出现这一现象的原因 3我对这一现
2、象的看法和建议 On Urban Waterlogging Section A （ A） To hold some celebrations on World Food Day. （ B） To take action and cope with world hunger. （ C） To launch fund-raising events for poor countries. （ D） To advertise a world without hunger online. （ A） Appealed to the global community to fight hunger. （ B
3、） Worked with the press to launch a social protection program. （ C） Encouraged people to post Zero Hunger on social media. （ D） Held celebrating events in major cities of the U.S. （ A） Introduction of the World Cup history. （ B） The great excitement during the game days. （ C） The traffic conditions
4、in New York City. （ D） The business conditions during the World Cup. （ A） Market crowds kept the business going. （ B） Social networks helped inform restaurants special offers. （ C） The ads on the internet spent $1.5 billion. （ D） The beers were 20 and 30 percent off. （ A） Gender equality. （ B） Women
5、s marriage. （ C） Gender discrimination. （ D） Paid maternity leave. （ A） They enjoy the same rights with men. （ B） They are often forced to marry at a young age. （ C） They have such rights as education and voting. （ D） They usually dont work after marriage. （ A） French women have the longest maternit
6、y leave. （ B） Few countries guarantee gender equality in constitutions. （ C） Afghanistans constitution guarantees gender equality. （ D） All countries around the world offer paid maternity leave. Section B （ A） The color doesnt suit him. （ B） He finds it much too big. （ C） It is too small for him now
7、. （ D） The quality is not good. （ A） Give his money back. （ B） Explain the washing instructions to him. （ C） Wash the shirt for him. （ D） Exchange for another shirt for him. （ A） The shirt has been washed. （ B） The shirt has shrunk in the wash. （ C） The shirt is a clearance item. （ D） The man didnt
8、take the receipt. （ A） Angry. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Satisfied. （ D） Regretful. （ A） Monday and Thursday. （ B） Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. （ C） Wednesday and Friday. （ D） Tuesday and Thursday. （ A） The first lecture. （ B） A class meeting. （ C） The opening ceremony. （ D） An orientation. （ A） He ha
9、s another class at 4:30. （ B） He has to go for a part-time job. （ C） He needs time to prepare for it. （ D） He has to attend a meeting at that time. （ A） Attendance is flexible. （ B） Attendance is not required. （ C） Attendance should be at least 90%. （ D） Full attendance is required. Section C （ A） F
10、rom the 1850s. （ B） Prom the 1700s. （ C） From the 1800s. （ D） From the 1900s. （ A） To know direction. （ B） To measure time. （ C） To show off ones wealth. （ D） To get to work on time. （ A） Everyone needed to measure their spare time. （ B） Everyone wanted to be punctual. （ C） Efficiency meant much mor
11、e money. （ D） Efficiency was closely related to time. （ A） Drive cars. （ B） Fly planes. （ C） Pay wages. （ D） Repair machines. （ A） It can store many instructions. （ B） It can perform few tasks. （ C） It is a symbol of modernization. （ D） It is as clever as human brain. （ A） They are much cheaper than
12、 humans. （ B） They never complain about the difficulties. （ C） They can handle all the problems of the job. （ D） They can work for long periods without rest. （ A） It will be long before robots can be used at home. （ B） It will be very expensive to use robots in the future. （ C） Robots will take over
13、 all the jobs in industry. （ D） Robots will be used only in large factories. （ A） Opera music. （ B） Drama. （ C） Country music. （ D） Politics. （ A） He had innate talent for music. （ B） He was the richest singer in America. （ C） He symbolizes the American dream. （ D） He stands for the new generation.
14、（ A） They regret for them. （ B） They just ignore them. （ C） They sharply criticize them. （ D） They follow his behavior. Section A 26 When it comes to using technology to promote education, the prevailing wisdom has been that more is better. Over the past decade, universities have invested heavily to
15、 add equipments into the classroom. But there is little【 C1】 _that these equipments enhance learning and, critics argue, they might actually【 C2】 _it, making both students and teachers passive. What if classrooms were【 C3】 _to the pre-Internet days of wooden tables and chalk? Jose Bowen, dean of the
16、 Meadows School of the Arts at Southern Methodist University, has taken technology out of the classroom. He wants his【 C4】 _to “teach naked,“ meaning without the aid of any machines. Classroom time should be【 C5】 _for discussions with the professor, aimed at teaching students to think critically, ar
17、gue, and raise new questions. Bowen, who teaches music, delivers content via podcasts (播客 ), which students must listen to on their own time. He then tests them on the material before every class and uses class time for discussions. Hes been teaching the same material for 25 years, but since he【 C6】
18、 _this new method, his students have been more engaged and scored better on exams. College students asked by researchers to list what motivates them have【 C7】_emphasized teacher enthusiasm, organization, and harmonious relationship, while naming lack of【 C8】 _participation as a major negative factor
19、. Technology has a place in education, but it should be used【 C9】 _by students outside the classroom. That gives them more time to absorb【 C10】 _via podcast or video, and frees teachers to spend class time coaching students in how to apply the material rather than simply absorb it. A) active E) crea
20、tive I) implemented M) persistently B) coach F) evidence J) improve N) reserved C) consistently G) faculty K) independently O) restored D) course H) hinder L) lectures 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Preparing Children to Be Saf
21、e at College A Money can buy many things to help children excel academically, like tutors and private school educations. But as those children go off to college, the one thing otherwise protective parents typically do not spend money on is making sure their children do not become victims of a crime.
22、 One reason is cost. The price of protection ranges from consultations billed at several hundred dollars an hour to Ostrander Internationals security assessment and training program, mainly for the children of international business executives, royalty and celebrities, which starts at $41,000 for th
23、e first year. B Parents may believe that security at college is not something they have to worry about. But just because you are paying tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of dollars for your childs education does not mean the university is a safe place. C A report released this week by Insite Secur
24、ity is sure to shake parents confidence. The security firm analyzed crime statistics on and around the campuses of the eight Ivy League colleges as well as Duke, Stanford, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Chicago. This study was unique because it looked not only at the
25、 on-campus statistics that colleges are required to report, it also took into account crime in the areas where students socialize off campus. D The Insite report said three-quarters of the colleges and their surrounding areas had sex offense rates that were 83 percent higher than the national averag
26、e, with Dartmouth having the highest rate. It said that Harvard had the highest rate of stealing among the 12. “Keeping kids safe or making a wise decision about where your kids go to school is more complicated than reviewing the police log at the college security office,“ said Christopher Falkenber
27、g, president of Insite. E In response to the report, Sylvia Spears, dean of Dartmouth, said, “Increased reporting is not necessarily an indicator of increased sexual violence on campus but may indicate better education about sexual violence and increased awareness of various services and offices on
28、a campus that are available to a victim.“ A spokesman for Harvard said, “It is important to note that how property crimes are classified and reported varies from school to school, and when you look at property crime statistics as a whole, Harvard does not lead in the rankings.“ F For prominent famil
29、ies, the costs of a security plan to reduce these risks are part of life, but for most affluent families, such security is prohibitively expensive even though their children may be easily harmed by crime. Several security advisers here offered advice to wealthy families considering security plans wh
30、ile also providing tips to parents of more modest means. Top threats G Curtis Ostrander, the founder of Ostrander International and former vice president for risk management and public safety at Cornell, said the biggest threat he sought to counter was students belief that nothing was going to happe
31、n to them. His business focuses on the top targets for campus crime: international students and children from wealthy homes. It might seem obvious that someone adjusting to a new culture while getting used to college could run into problems. But children from families who are upper-middle class and
32、higher on the wealth ladder are often innocent about personal security, and that makes them targets for theft, alcohol-related crimes and sexual assault (攻击 ). “If you grew up in a poorer neighborhood, youd be more aware of someone coming up behind you and stealing your bag,“ Mr. Ostrander said. He
33、added that the very rich were the least prepared: “Having security growing up makes it worse because they never had to consider the threats.“ H Mr. Falkenberg said a new trick illustrated this problem. It starts with an attractive, older woman pretending to fall in love with a wealthy male student i
34、n the hope of getting pregnant, if not married, and laying claim to his familys money. “Theyre only innocent kids, and the story is always the same,“ he said. “Its really hard because you have to tell the kid this is not the love of his life.“ Student responsibility I Regardless of the threat, the k
35、ey is to work with students before they leave for college. And this is where the fees for one-on-one preparation start to climb. Mr. Ostrander, for example, has a psychologist and a self-defense instructor on staff, and he will work personally with the student in the home country or on campus. Thoma
36、s Ruskin, president of CMP Protective and Investigative Group, said his agents had accompanied clients children on trips, pretending tour guides or drivers, but had also done simple things like monitoring tracking technology on their cellphones. “Its about teaching them how to leave the nest but als
37、o to teach them what theyve been protected from,“ Mr. Ruskin said. J Short of hiring an expensive consultant, parents themselves can do more to prepare children for what can happen on campus. For male students, the main worries are being beaten up or involved in an alcohol-related crime, and for wom
38、en, the concerns center on sexual assault. Yet Mr. Ostrander says parents usually do not do enough to prepare children for theft and computer frauds. These include the infamous Nigerian prince asking for money and more personalized frauds devised from the abundance of personal information on the Web
39、. “Some of us say thats just common sense, but not for people without a lot of life experience,“ he said. Parental anxiety K Thinking about what could happen to your child is enough to send the most level-headed parent into overprotective mode. Yet the experts offered some simple steps for parents t
40、o take. For example, encourage your daughter to use campus escorts (护送者 ) at night. The worst thing a parent can do for a child, the experts agreed, is send a bodyguard to class. The same goes for the middle-class parent repeatedly warning a child not to drink That could lead to worse behavior. “We
41、dont say, Dont drink,“ Mr. Ostrander said. “We say, If you drink, here are some of the possible problems.“ He added, “I teach these kids in classes, but these are the same skills they will use the rest of their lives to be safe.“ And that is what any parent wants from college. 37 As for the male stu
42、dents, the main concern centers on being beaten up and involved in an alcohol-related crime. 38 The students growing up in a poorer neighborhood tend to be more aware of property crimes. 39 The most level-headed parents may turn into overprotective mode if they just think about what could happen to
43、their children at college. 40 The report released by Insite Security was unique in that it analyzed the crimes off campus along with the on-campus crimes statistics. 41 According to a recent report, the sex offense rates near most campuses were much higher than the national average. 42 Training stud
44、ents before they go to college is the key to tackle security threats at college. 43 Most protective parents dont think of spending money on preparing children to be safe at college. 44 The price of a security plan to reduce potential campus risk is too high for most affluent families. 45 As a way to
45、 protect children, sending a bodyguard to class is as bad as repeatedly warning a child not to drink. 46 The rise of reported sexual violence on campus may mean increased awareness and improved understanding of sexual violence. Section C 46 Pregnant women who suffer lapses (忘却 ) in memory or concent
46、ration may no longer be able to blame it on “the bump“. The idea that bearing children affects ones brain power the “baby brain“ is a myth, researchers say. Their study found no difference in how pregnant women or new mothers scored on tests of thinking speed and memory compared with those who were
47、childless. Writing in the British Journal of Psychiatry, the authors said that pregnant women should be encouraged to stop attributing lapses in memory or logical thinking to their growing baby. The findings contradict previous studies that claimed womens brains decline in size by up to 4 per cent w
48、hile they are pregnant, potentially leading to worse performance on tests of memory and oral skills. Helen Christensen, author of the latest study, said that the effect was “a myth“. Professor Chris-tensens team recruited 1,241 women aged 20-24 in 1999 and 2003 and asked them to perform a series of
49、tasks. The women were followed up at four-year intervals and asked to perform the same cognitive (认知的 ) tests. A total of 77 women were pregnant at the follow-up assessments, 188 had become mothers and 542 remained childless. The researchers found no significant differences in cognitive change for those women who were pregnant or new mothers during the assessments and those who were not. “Not so long ago, pregnancy was confinement and motherhood meant the end of car
