1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 246及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Vocational Education or College Education? following the outline given below You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words Write your essa
2、y on Answer Sheet 1 1报考职业学院的人数近年来有上升的趋势 2有人认为职业教育更有利于就业，有人认为大学文凭更重要 3我的看法 Vocational Education or College Education? Section A （ A） 10. （ B） 4. （ C） 1. （ D） 50 （ A） Huge Storm. （ B） Earthquake. （ C） Snow slide. （ D） Disappearance of living species. （ A） Art. （ B） Harmony. （ C） Prosperity. （ D） Ambit
3、ion. （ A） The bands participated in the concert for economic benefits. （ B） All attendees were in red in the event. （ C） The concert conducted by a famous star would last 5 hours. （ D） The concert was held just for art communication. （ A） It drops by half. （ B） It increases greatly. （ C） It keeps st
4、able. （ D） It booms in global scale. （ A） The world economy is booming. （ B） There was more demand than supply. （ C） There was more supply than demand. （ D） Oil production was reduced. （ A） Oil has been found in more countries. （ B） Car industry heavily relies on oil. （ C） More alternatives to oil h
5、ave emerged. （ D） New technologies helped people obtain more oil. Section B （ A） To make the man feel happy. （ B） To persuade the man to shop with his kids. （ C） To convince the man Christmas is worth spending. （ D） To prevent the man from spending too much shopping. （ A） At a Christmas party. （ B）
6、Not long before Christmas. （ C） At the New Years Eve. （ D） On some day of April. （ A） Expectation. （ B） Complaint. （ C） Enjoyment. （ D） Indifference. （ A） Paying off Christmas bills. （ B） Trying to earn more money. （ C） Preparing for Christmas. （ D） Limiting his wifes expense. （ A） He doesnt feel li
7、ke doing it. （ B） He thinks it doesnt suit him. （ C） It will take too much time. （ D） It is not funny at all. （ A） Go hill walking. （ B） Go swimming. （ C） Go cycling. （ D） Dine out. （ A） It has existed for a long time. （ B） It enjoys very good business. （ C） The owner of the restaurant is an Italian
8、. （ D） It is located on a busy street. （ A） He cannot get the meal ready so early. （ B） He didnt want to get a table himself. （ C） He thinks its too early to have lunch. （ D） He has to go and see a relative before then. Section C （ A） They shared many extracurricular activities. （ B） They had known
9、each other since childhood. （ C） They shared mutual friends in school. （ D） They had many interests in common. （ A） At a local club. （ B） At Joes house. （ C） At the boarding school. （ D） At the sports center. （ A） Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other. （ B） One has to be
10、respectful of other people in order to win respect. （ C） It is hard for people from different backgrounds to become friends. （ D） Durable friendships can be very difficult to maintain. （ A） In his buildings parking lot. （ B） Near the entrance of a park. （ C） At a street corner. （ D） At a parking met
11、er. （ A） It had been stolen by someone. （ B） It had been moved to the next block. （ C） It had been parked at a wrong place. （ D） It had been taken by the police. （ A） In a neighboring town. （ B） In the city garage. （ C） At the Greenville center. （ D） At a public parking lot. （ A） Creativity as shown
12、 in arts. （ B） Famous creative individuals. （ C） A major scientific discovery. （ D） The mysteriousness of creativity. （ A） It is the source of all artistic work. （ B） It starts soon after we are born. （ C） It is something people all engage in. （ D） It helps people acquire knowledge. （ A） Natural cur
13、iosity. （ B） Critical thinking. （ C） Logical reasoning. （ D） Creative imagination. （ A） It is part of everyday life. （ B） It is a unique human trait. （ C） It is yet to be fully understood. （ D） It is beyond ordinary people. Section A 26 The countries that have left the United States behind in math a
14、nd science education have one thing in common: They offer the same high education standards all across the nation. The United States, however, relies on standards that【 C1】 _, not just from state to state, but often from district to district. That could【 C2】 _ change if the states adopt the new rigo
15、rous standards proposed last week by the National Governors Association and a group【 C3】 _state school supervisors. The proposal lays out clear, ambitious【 C4】 _for what children should learn year to year and could change curriculums, tests and teacher training. The standards, based on intensive【 C5
16、】 _, reflect what students must know to succeed at college and to find good jobs in the 21st century. They are【 C6】 _benchmarked, which means that they imitate the expectations of high-performing school systems abroad. This is not a call for a national curriculum. Rather, the proposed standards set
17、out the skills that children should learn from kindergarten through high school. But it will take more than new standards to rebuild the schools. The same states and organizations that cooperated on the standards need to cooperate on a new and【 C7】 _curriculum. The troubled colleges of education nee
18、d to【 C8】 _teachers who can teach the skills students will need. And【 C9】_tests must be created so that we can measure results. It is believed that the new standards provide an excellent【 C10】 _point for the task of remaking public schooling in the United States. A) goals I) innovative B) research J
19、) sophisticated C) ordinary K) depend D) representing L) differs E) internationally M) starting F) eventually N) aim G) vary O) specially H) prepare 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 A Brief History of Online Shopping A） When A op
20、ened for business 15 years ago， it was nothing more than a few people packing and shipping boxes of books from a two-car garage in Bellevue, WaSh. Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder and CEO, had left New York City. for the Pacific Northwest， using some of his time on the road to write the companys business
21、plan. Books were packed on a table made out of an extra door they found lying in the new home a practice the company continues today in spirit by making many of the offices desks out of doors. B） Now, on its 15th anniversary, Amazon can raise a toast to being one of the largest online retailers in t
22、he world， selling everything from trumpets and golf carts to dishwashers and clothes. Despite the economic recession， online retail： in the U.S. grew 11 last year， according to a report released this March from Forrester Research. More than 150 million people about two-thirds of all Internet users i
23、n the U.S. -bought something online last year. Its a staggering leap for an industry used by 27 of the nations online population a decade ago. C） One of the first known Web purchases took place. in 1994. It was an Italian pizza with mushrooms and extra cheese from Pizza Hut， a somewhat appropriate p
24、urchase for the early days of the Internet. When Amazon came on the scene not long after, selling books online was a curious idea. After all, why would people buy a textbook online when they could go to a bookstore? But eventually， a revolutionary change in culture and groupthink took place. Buying
25、things online was all about price and selection， says Ellen Davis, a vice president with the National Retail Federation. If you lived in a small town with just one bookstore and they didnt stock the novel you wanted， the Internet was a solution. D） The big sellers were “hard goods,” those things you
26、 didnt have to touch， feel or smell in order to buy, such as books, computers and other electronics. Now, nothing is off limits. “As the Internet has evolved， its become a channel where you can buy anything， ”Davis says. “You can buy fragrances（香水） -something you would have normally thought you woul
27、d need to go to a store and actually experience before you decided to buy. ” E） Part of the shift has to do with the normalizing of giving out personal information online. All it takes is one click of the purchase button before consumers start to feel more comfortable using their Credit-card informa
28、tion online， Davis says. Now some consumers have so much trust that they allow retailers to save their credit-card and shipping information， which has given rise to a painless checkout process. F） And part of it had to do with making the online experience more like an in-store shopping trip. Many si
29、tes geared themselves toward consumers who like to try before they buy. While Web shoppers technically have to buy the item first， sites such as Zappos, which specializes in shoes，and Piperlime, which sells clothes and accessories， offer free shipping on returns. If you buy it，try it and dont like i
30、t， having to return the item is less of a concern. Other stores try to make it easier for customers to get the look and feel of a product without actually handling the goods. S and G allow customers to zoom（拉近） way in on products to examine their material and color up close. Others such as Bed， Bath
31、 Beyond and Buy. com feature product videos that allow shoppers to see， for example, a grill（烤架） cleaner in action. And then there are sites like O that capitalize on the goods physical stores cant sell. Beyond its discounts, O wins customer loyalty by making online deals with fiat-rate shipping of
32、$2.95 on everything from earrings to refrigerators. G） Even famously resistant designers and luxury retailers are putting goods online. According to Bain Co.s luxury-goods study last year, while the luxury-goods industry overall lost 896 worldwide last year, luxury sales online grew 20 . This Septem
33、ber MarcJ will have more than just videos of models walking on the runway on his website. Jacobs will join others such as Jimmy Ch00， Hugo Boss and Donna Karan， all of whom sell， or will soon start selling，products through their websites. The upside? Consumers will soon be able to buy many high-end
34、goods without enduring the bad service of a department store salesclerk. H） All of this online shopping has given rise to a new version of one of Americas favorite holidays. Cyber Monday was coined in 2005 to represent the boom in online sales that comes the Monday after Black Friday-the day after T
35、hanksgiving and the largest shopping day of the year. Though Cyber Monday has never overshadowed Black Fridays sales， customers are more comfortable doing shopping online than ever. 83 of consumers say they are more confident in making a purchase when they have conducted research online as opposed t
36、o speaking to a salesperson in a store. I） While retailers were initially terrified of what bad reviews could do to their bottom line， theyve since witnessed the power of a compliment and embraced the practice. Despite initial fears， says Craig Berman, Amazons vice president of global communications
37、, product reviews have only served to increase their customer loyalty. “It helped us build customer trust.” he says. “It put us in a special place with customers in that they could come to the site and get honest and comprehensive-and overtime, very substantial-firsthand knowledge from other custome
38、rs.” Berman says the company has some reviewers who take online shopping to heart. “There are some customers who are extraordinarily proud of being one of our top reviewers-they take their job really seriously. ”Some of Amazons customers are greedy readers who consider it their duty to review one or
39、 two books every single week. While the company may have come a long way from its roots， the companys original specialty has not been forgotten. 37 In the early time of online shopping， the goods that you didnt have to touch， feel or smell in order to buy sold best. 38 When Amazon first began its bu
40、siness， the idea of selling books online was curious. 39 Having seen the power of compliment, Amazons vice president believed that product reviews help Amazon build customer trust. 40 About two-thirds of American Internet users have shopped online last year. 41 O wins customer loyalty by charging fi
41、xed fees for delivery. 42 Many virtual stores use various approaches to make online shopping experience more like an in-store shopping trip. 43 It is Amazons tradition to make offices desks out of doors. 44 Despite its overall downward trend worldwide， the online sales of luxury goods grew twenty pe
42、rcent last year. 45 The advantage of online shopping lies in price and selection. 46 Most consumers would rather conduct research online than speak to a salesperson in a store when making a purchase. Section C 46 Once the hard decisions have been made about how to treat a patients cancer, doctors fa
43、ce an even more difficult question: how do you help patients deal with the side effects of treatment? The issue is a challenge for physicians because, unlike with cancer therapies, there are few scientific studies on the most effective ways to handle the side effectsincluding common symptoms such as
44、 poor sleep or fatigue. But addressing these seemingly common complications (并发症 ) is crucial for helping patients maintain their regular lifestyle, which in turn may even encourage the success of their cancer treatment. Thats why Dr. Karen Mustian of the University of Rochester Medical Center decid
45、ed to put a favorite practice of cancer survivorsyogato the test. In a paper she will present at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (肿瘤学 ) (ASCO) annual meeting in June, Mustian designed a standardized program based on hatha yogaa slow-moving form of the disciplineand tested its effect on imp
46、roving the quality of life for cancer survivors. Called YOCAS, the four-week program involved sessions of hatha yoga twice a week for 75 minutes each, in combination with breathing exercises and meditation (冥想 ). Among the 410 participants, who were divided into yoga and traditional follow-up care g
47、roups, those practicing yoga recorded nearly double the improvement in sleep quality and reduction of fatigue compared to those not practicing yoga. They also reported better quality of life overall, Mustian says. For cancer physicians, the findings will be a welcome addition to their discussions wi
48、th patients. “Many patients ask about complementary (互补的 ) therapies, whether they are exercise or meditation or yoga,“ says Dr. Douglas Blayney, medical director of the comprehensive cancer center at University of Michigan and president of ASCO. “I often dont know what to tell them because there is
49、nt a lot of science on these complementary therapies. Here is a scientific study showing benefit, so at least we can have some assurance in telling women that here is a yoga program, here are its characteristics and it has been shown to have beneficial effects on sleep and quality of life.“ 47 What bothers the cancer physicians after determining the treatment plan? （ A） How to prevent the side effe
