1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 247及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Fighting Against Drunk Driving You should include in your essay the cause of drunk driving and solutions to it You should write at least 120 words but no mor
2、e than 180 words Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1 On Fighting Against Drunk Driving Section A （ A） A rocket has been successfully launched. （ B） There was a rocket hitting the moon. （ C） A deep dark hole appeared on the moons South Pole. （ D） There was an amazing finding made by LRO. （ A） Some for
3、m of water existed on the moon. （ B） The water on the moon was as much as in the desert. （ C） There was a lot of rocket remaining on the moon surface. （ D） A large area has been affected by the rocket. （ A） Babies. （ B） Old men. （ C） Young men. （ D） Doctors. （ A） Because their babies are particularl
4、y weak. （ B） Because the flu vaccines are too difficult to reach. （ C） Because the flu vaccines can be lifesaving for them. （ D） Because this is the decision made by the committee. （ A） A lightning strike started the fires. （ B） The Great Ocean Road attracted many tourists. （ C） Traffic was very bus
5、y on Christmas Day. （ D） Residents were forced to leave their homes. （ A） The hot and windy weather might expand bushfires. （ B） There will be a strong earthquake. （ C） Their homes were destroyed by the fires on Christmas Day. （ D） The temperatures will fall down soon. （ A） On Christmas Day. （ B） On
6、 December 19th. （ C） In winter. （ D） On a windy day. Section B （ A） Having her bicycle repaired. （ B） Conducting a market survey. （ C） Lecturing on business management. （ D） Hosting an evening TV program. （ A） He worked as a salesman. （ B） He coached in a racing club. （ C） He repaired bicycles. （ D）
7、 He served as a consultant. （ A） He found it more profitable. （ B） He wanted to be his own boss. （ C） He didnt want to start from scratch. （ D） He didnt want to be in too much debt. （ A） They are all the mans friends. （ B） They work five days a week. （ C） They are paid by the hour. （ D） They all enj
8、oy gambling. （ A） Paper processing. （ B） Food transporting. （ C） Roads building. （ D） Train manufacturing. （ A） It has gradually given way to service industry. （ B） It remains a major part of industrial activity. （ C） It accounts for 80 percent of the regions GDP. （ D） It has a history as long as pa
9、per processing. （ A） Lack of resources. （ B） Shortage of funding. （ C） Transport problems. （ D） Poor management. （ A） Competition from rival companies. （ B） Product promotion campaigns. （ C） Possible locations for a new factory. （ D） Measures to create job opportunities. Section C （ A） Crowded house
10、s. （ B） Polluted water from factories. （ C） High crime rate. （ D） Continual noise. （ A） Traffic accidents. （ B） Pollution. （ C） Crimes. （ D） Earthquakes. （ A） Comparison between city life and country life. （ B） Problems troubling city people. （ C） Ways to solve social problems in cities. （ D） High p
11、ressure city people suffer from. （ A） Because he thinks dreams might be able to tell him many things. （ B） Because he likes living in dreams. （ C） Because dreams can always be realized if you study them. （ D） Because everybody dreams. （ A） The daydreams. （ B） The remembering of ones dream. （ C） The
12、rapid eye movement. （ D） The moving picture one sees in his dream. （ A） If we wake fast sleeping people, they will feel annoyed. （ B） If we wake people during the REM, they will feel tired. （ C） Only dreaming can make us feel refreshed. （ D） If people are not constantly wakened, they will feel nothi
13、ng at all. （ A） Fresh meat. （ B） Fresh fruit. （ C） Biscuit. （ D） Chocolate. （ A） To provide convenience to customers. （ B） To make each product look attractive. （ C） To keep the supermarket neat and tidy. （ D） To protect the products and give information. （ A） The weight. （ B） The ingredients. （ C）
14、The production process. （ D） The name of the products. （ A） Because they usually cant see the actual product. （ B） Because it is the law. （ C） Because salespeople cant be trusted. （ D） Because they open the containers before they get home. Section A 26 Accustomed though we are to speaking of the fil
15、ms made before 1927 as “silent“, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent. From the very beginning, music was regarded as an【 C1】 _accompaniment; when the Lumiere films were shown at the first public film exhibition in the United States in February 1896, they were【 C2】 _by pian
16、o improvisations (即兴创作 ) on popular tunes. At first, the music played【 C3】 _no special relationship to the films; an accompaniment of any kind was【 C4】 _. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity (不协调 ) of playing lively music to a【 C5】 _film became apparent, and film pianists began to tak
17、e some care in【 C6】 _their pieces to the mood of the film. As movie theaters grew in number and importance, a violinist, and perhaps a cellist, would be added to the pianist in certain【 C7】 _, and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras were formed. For a number of years the selection of music
18、 for each film program【 C8】 _entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal【 C9】 _for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the conductor seldom saw the films until
19、 the night before they were to be shown, the musical arrangement was【 C10】 _improvised in the greatest hurry. A) sufficient I) bore B) incredible J) qualification C) accompanied K) solemn D) comparatively L) indispensable E) matching M) severe F) rested N) according G) normally O) cases H) occasions
20、 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Work-life Balance： Flex Appeal A） Georgina Blizzard and Nicky Imrie decided they needed to find a more flexible working pattern when they became mothers. Having had jobs in public relations， whic
21、h involved long hours and a lot of pressure， they felt their old style of working would not suit their new responsibilities and decided to find a way to make the work they enjoyed fit in with their changed lives. They launched the PR Network in 2005， when Blizzards eldest daughter， Isabella was just
22、 three months old. Both women work a threeday week， and built the running of the company around the sort of flexibility theyneeded.ney offer the same level of flexibility to the freelance（自由职业的）associates， matching companies of all sizes looking for freelance support with workers with the right skil
23、l set who are happy to take on contracts that fit in with their preferred pattern of hours. B） While technology now enables many workers to do their things from anywhere， at any time， recently developed forms of “extremely flexible” working are providing a way into the workplace for more people with
24、 lifestyles that cant easily accommodate a regular working pattern. Shaking up the workplace does not just help individuals. Wing ham Rowan， founder of Slivers-of-Time， a social enterprise that has devised a system allowing people to sell their available working time through an online marketplace，be
25、lieves extremely flexible working could hold the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK.“We have to start thinking in terms of work， not jobs， ”says Rowan. C） Slivers-of-Time developed a web-based system to allow people to sell their time online to employers in tiny blocks of two hours or
26、 more， on days that suit them More geared up for in-house staff than home workers， Slivers workers post their CV and their availability and employers can book them to cover busy periods or do a temporary piece of work Ideal for carets， parents and anyone who wanted to use a few spare hours to earn m
27、oney but found it difficult to hold down a regular job with one employer because of personal commitments， it was awarded government funding as a means to tackle worklessness D） The system has been particularly embraced by smaller companies， ” says Rowan Smaller firms enjoy the opportunity to take on
28、 workers to cover small bits of time， minimising costs and enabling them to cover busy periods “There is an office supplies company that knows the best time to call potential buyers is between certain times on a Tuesday and Wednesday， so it books staff to cover those times Then theres a T-shirt prin
29、ting company that books extra staff if they have a big order to fulfill And the City of London has found that flbrary inquiries are busier during the school holidays， so it takes on staff to cover those periods E） The model works well for small companies， but Slivers now has a number of large househ
30、old names using its system Helen Turner， recruitment and development manager for John Lewis in Cambridge， used Slivers-of-Time to cover the extremely busy Christmas period. “Slivers-of-Time meant we could cover gaps as small as two hours， ”Turner says “0nce they were hired they worked various hours
31、across the week， depending on their circumstances We were able to call on extra resources quickly and they supported our partners ”She says many of the staff were students，while some were carets， and the flexible model suited both the store and the staff well F） Flexible hiring also works well for a
32、nother household name， Adobe， which uses PR Networks associates to support its existing analyst relations team Timothy Brook， senior manager of analyst relations at Adobe， says： “We were looking for skilled，knowledgeable and motivated individuals who could work without the day-to-day management or d
33、irection often required by an agency model， and who could work directly with senior management within Adobe in the UK on a number of projects ”PR Network is in the enviable position of having grown during a recession， but although the downturn has pushed a higher number of people into serf-employmen
34、t， organisations involved in flexible working practices say it cant take all the credit G） Xenios Thrasyvoulou， founder of PeoplePerHour (PPH)， an online service that allows freelance workersto bid for contracts offered by businesses， says the movement towards extremely flexible working for all skil
35、l levels was already under way when the recession took hold PPH was launched in 2007， and now has 35， 000 freelancers registered on its books， and 43， 000 businesses， mostly small Thrasyvoulou says the changes in working practice are “not just a recessionary effect” “What is happening is a longer te
36、rm trend which has been accelerated by the recession， and one that is led by small businesses which are always more creative ” H） Both the public sector and small businesses in the private sector are moving towards flexible styles of working， according to Andy Lake， editor of the online journal flex
37、ibility co uk “In the public sector, more and more contractors are being taken on， ”Lake says “Theres evidence that things are working in different ways In the private sector， the biggest growth area is small businesses， which are keen to grow turnover but not personnel ”Even larger firms echo this
38、opinion As Adobes Brook says： Due to the uncertain economy， we wanted the ability todial up and dial down our commitment based on available budgets and levels of work ”This “flexing up and down” of the workforce may be key to the future of industry， opening doors for more people to pursue extremely
39、flexible styles of working I） According to the Confederation of British Businesss Shape of Business report，published last November， organisations will increasingly “move to a new employment model where the core of permanent staff is smaller and a greater number of freelancers。consultants and tempora
40、ry workers are used” All in all， its good news for people hoping for greater control of their work-life balance. “More organisations have adopted flexible working practices as a way of saving jobs during the recession， ”says Gillian Nissim， founder of Workingmums.co.uk. “We hope this will not just b
41、e a stop-gap measure to save money but will bring lasting changes to the UICs working culture, making it easier for women and men to balance work and family life and giving employers the diverse and committed workforce they need to thrive.” 37 Shaking up the workplace not only helps individuals but
42、is the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK. 38 PR Network may be envied because it has grown even in economic downturn. 39 The benefit of hiring temporary workers for small companies is to cover the busiest time with minimum cost. 40 The key to the future of industry may lie in “flexin
43、g up and down” of the workforce. 41 Working mothers would consider jobs in public relations not suitable for them because that kind of job often involves long working hours. 42 It is hoped that the flexible working practice would bring diverse and committed staff to employers. 43 The UK government o
44、ffered financial assistance to Slivers-of-Time so as to decrease the unemployment rate. 44 Organisations will move to a new employment model in which the number of temporary workers will increase while the number of permanent staff will fall down. 45 Both the public sector and small businesses in th
45、e private sectors are increasingly willing to adopt flexible working style. 46 The movement towards extremely flexible working， accelerated by the recession， is a long-term trend. Section C 46 Child psychologistsand kindergarten teachershave long known that when children first show up for school, so
46、me of them speak a lot more fluently than others. Psychologists also know that childrens socioeconomic status tends to be closely connected with their language facility. The better off and more educated a childs parents are, the better vocabulary ability that child tends to have by school ageand voc
47、abulary skill is a key predictor for success in school. Children from low-income families, who may often start school knowing significantly fewer words than their better-off peers, will struggle for years to make up that ground. Previous studies have shown that wealthier, educated parents talk to th
48、eir young children more, using more complex vocabulary and sentences, than parents of lesser means. And these differences may help explain why richer kids start school with richer vocabularies. But what goes on before children can talk, during that phasefamiliar to any parentwhen communication takes
49、 the form of pointing, waving, grabbing and other kinds of baby sign language? Do welloff parents also gesture more to their kids? Indeed they do, say psychologists Susan Goldin-Meadow and Meredith Rowe of the University of Chicago. The researchers found that at 14 months of age, babies already showed a wide range of “speaking“ ability through gestures, and that those differences were closely linked with their socioeconomic background and how frequently
