1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Power Supply All Night following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1很多大学生希望寝室
2、能通宵供电 2但有些人认为不应该这么做 3我的看法 Power Supply All Night Section A （ A） Conducting a job interview. （ B） Having a job interview. （ C） Discussing the overtime work. （ D） Negotiating a contract. （ A） There is no room available. （ B） The man can get a discount on the room. （ C） The man could live in the single
3、 room. （ D） There is no twin-bedded room left. （ A） They can take a taxi to the station. （ B） They can return to the station tomorrow. （ C） They can get home this evening. （ D） They can exchange the tickets with other passengers. （ A） The woman has the contrary idea to the mans. （ B） It is easy for
4、the woman to understand the movie the second time. （ C） Both of them couldnt understand the movie. （ D） The woman has seen this film for many times. （ A） The man has brought two umbrellas from home. （ B） The woman may not be exposed in the rain. （ C） It is raining heavily. （ D） The man regrets not b
5、ringing an umbrella. （ A） Copy the womans notes. （ B） Have a review of the first 9 lessons. （ C） Get ready for the mid-term examination. （ D） Ask Prof. Green the range of the examination. （ A） The man can leave for Washington now. （ B） The man will spend three hours flying to Washington. （ C） There
6、is no plane to Washington today. （ D） The woman is not sure when the man could board. （ A） Rent the apartment for 500 dollars a month. （ B） Find other available apartments. （ C） Give a call to other agencies. （ D） Wait for the message. （ A） To help people find a better job. （ B） To help people with
7、English learning. （ C） To help people improve their communication skills. （ D） To help people get enrolled in a famous university. （ A） She wants to learn some basic language skills. （ B） Her friend wants to study abroad. （ C） She is calling to consult for her daughter. （ D） She has to study English
8、 for the sake of her job. （ A） It is a form that helps the student get a student visa. （ B） It is a certification about the students English proficiency. （ C） It is a certificate that shows the students education experience. （ D） It is a reference letter that helps the student get in the US embassy.
9、 （ A） The applicants must confirm the application in person. （ B） The applicants can apply it at any time they want. （ C） The applicants can apply it through Internet or by letter. （ D） The applicants need to pay the tuition at the beginning. （ A） A transport planner. （ B） A bus route designer. （ C）
10、 An architectural designer. （ D） An environmental appraiser. （ A） It is mainly about the design of bus routes. （ B） It investigates the environmental effect of car use. （ C） It helps to program the construction of a new shopping center. （ D） Its main purpose is to make full use of the public transpo
11、rt. （ A） Impose a duty on private cars. （ B） Promote the public environmental consciousness. （ C） Abolish the public parking lot. （ D） Raise the petrol prices. Section B （ A） He threatened the recruiter. （ B） He lied about his age. （ C） He begged the recruiter. （ D） He bribed the recruiter. （ A） He
12、drove an ambulance for a hospital. （ B） He served as the Honorary Chairman. （ C） He worked in a shipping company. （ D） He served the army as an officer. （ A） Because he has lived a remarkable life. （ B） Because he is the last American World War I veteran. （ C） Because he has lived a very long life.
13、（ D） Because he has showed great patriotism and obligation to the country. （ A） Because they want to earn more money. （ B） Because they need animal protein of high-quality. （ C） Because they love animals. （ D） Because they try to balance the ecosystem. （ A） It urged people to improve the raising con
14、ditions. （ B） It helped people find the cure for the bird flu. （ C） It alerted people to the relations between animal and human. （ D） It urged people to reduce the livestock production. （ A） Animal diseases have nothing to do with human health. （ B） Controlling animal diseases is bound to pose an ec
15、onomic threat. （ C） All animal diseases will cause a great deal of harm to human. （ D） Policymakers should control animal diseases in a proper way. （ A） Because the demand for food increased. （ B） Because bad weather caused the threat of food shortage. （ C） Because the production of food decreased.
16、（ D） Because the riots affected the price stabilization. （ A） Standing water could destroy most of next years sugar crop. （ B） The flood has nothing to do with the rising price of fruits. （ C） The flood has affected the growth of fruits and vegetables. （ D） Queensland area will be infertile after th
17、e flood. （ A） To increase the price of wheat. （ B） To earn more from exports. （ C） To make sure Russians have enough wheat. （ D） To recover the economy of Russia. （ A） Make the farming more efficient. （ B） Interfere with the price of food. （ C） Make policies to control population. （ D） Invest more m
18、oney to feed hungry people. Section C 26 Agricultural experts have launched a land and water management project in the world. The project seeks to increase food【 B1】 _in dry areas. Researchers say the water availability in some of the areas has dropped well below the【 B2】_recognized standard. Many c
19、ountries are taking part in the project. It is part of a larger ten-year effort called the Water and Livelihoods Initiative. The project is also expected to increase【 B3】 _for farmers in the areas. The United States Agency for International Development provided one million dollars for the Water and
20、Livelihoods Initiative. Scott Christianson is an agricultural development【 B4】 _with USAID. He helped develop project while working for the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. He says the countries taking part in the project were all carefully【 B5】 _. Scott Christianson-
21、 “They all share a socioeconomic and cultural【 B6】 _thats fairly homogeneous. We feel that its going to【 B7】_our opportunity for trading of knowledge that we will【 B8】 _in the project.“ Research by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas and its partners has already【 B9】
22、_to be successful. New irrigation methods are expected to double wheat production while using one-third of the water【 B10】_full irrigation. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall
23、best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the【 C1】 _risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get【 C2】 _benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day,
24、 an average of five days a week. Strength training is another important【 C3】 _of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and【 C4】 _bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week,【 C5】_recovery days between sessions.
25、Finally, flexibility and balance training are【 C6】 _important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are【 C7】 _, and simple flexibility training can【 C8】 _these by making muscles str
26、onger and keeping joints lubricated(润滑 ). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, youll get an idea of how natural it is. The general【 C9】 _is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to【 C10】_stretch it in an opposite position. A)allow
27、ing F)helping K)prevent B)avoidable G)increasingly L)principle C)briefly H)lowest M)provoke D)component I)maintain N)seriously E)determined J)maximum O)topic 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Happiness and Sadness A)Happiness and
28、sadness are two most basic and familiar feelings for human beings. Recently, people have achieved further understanding about them. Happiness B)University of Illinois, psychologist Ed Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, was in Scotland recently, explaining to members of Parliame
29、nt and business leaders the value of increasing traditional measures of a countrys wealth with a national index of happiness. Such an index would measure policies known to increase peoples sense of well-being, such as democratic freedoms, access to health care and the rule of law. C)Eric Wilson trie
30、d to get with the program. Urged on by friends, he bought books on how to become happier. He made every effort to smooth out his habitual worried look and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to genuinely happy feelings. Wilson, a professor of English at Wake Forest University, took
31、 up jogging, reputed to boost the brains supply of joyful neurochemicals, and began his conversations with “Great!“ and “Wonderful!“, the better to exercise his capacity for enthusiasm. D)However, some scientists are releasing the most-extensive-ever study comparing moderate and extreme levels of ha
32、ppiness, and finding that being happier is not always better. In surveys of 118 519 people from 96 countries, scientists examined how various levels of subjective well-being matched up with income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships. They also analyzed h
33、ow different levels of happiness, as reported by college students, correlated with various outcomes. Even allowing for imprecision in peoples self-reported sense of well-being, the results were unambiguous. The highest levels of happiness go along with the most stable, longest and most contented rel
34、ationships. That is, even a little discontent with your partner can cause you to look around for someone better, until you are at best a serial monogamist(一夫一妻论者 )and at worst never in a loving, stable relationship. E)Nevertheless, “once a moderate level of happiness is achieved, further increases c
35、an sometimes be harmful to income, career success, education and political participation“, Diener and colleagues write in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science. On a scale from 1 to 10, where 10s is extremely happy, 8s is more successful than 9s and 10s, getting more education and earnin
36、g more. That probably reflects the fact that people who are somewhat discontented, but not so depressed as to be paralyzed, are more motivated to improve both their own lot(thus driving themselves to acquire more education and seek ever-more-challenging jobs)and the lot of their community(causing th
37、em to participate more in civic and political life). In contrast, people at the top of the jolliness charts feel no such urgency. “If youre totally satisfied with your life and with how things are going in the world,“ says Diener, “you dont feel very motivated to work for change. Be wary when people
38、 tell you that you should be happier.“ Sadness F)The drawbacks of constant, extreme happiness should not be surprising, since negative emotions evolved for a reason. Fear tips us off to the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our biological inheritance. Wilson argues
39、that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. He also asserts that “the happy man is a hollow man,“ but he is hardly the first scholar to see melancholia(忧郁症 )as inspiration. A classical Greek text, possibly written by Aristotle, asks, “Why is it that all t
40、hose who have become outstanding in philosophy or politics or poetry or the arts are clearly melancholic?“ Wilsons answer is that “the blues can be a catalyst(催化剂 )for a special kind of genius, a genius for exploring dark boundaries between opposites.“ The ever-restless, the chronically discontent,
41、are dissatisfied with the status quo, be it in art or literature or politics. G)For all their familiarity, these arguments are nevertheless being crushed by the happiness movement. Last August, the novelist Mary Gordon lamented to The New York Times that “among writers. what is absolutely not allowa
42、ble is sadness. People will do anything rather than to acknowledge that they are sad.“ And, Jess Decourcy Hinds, an English teacher, recounted how, after her father died, friends pressed her to distract herself from her profound sadness and sense of loss. “Why dont people accept that after a parents
43、 death, there will be years of grief?“ she wrote. “Everyone wants mourners to snap out of it because observing anothers distress isnt easy. “ H)Its hard to say exactly when ordinary Americans, no less than psychiatrists(精神病学家 ), began insisting that sadness is pathological(病态的 ). But by the end of t
44、he millennium that attitude was well established. In 1999, Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman was revived on Broadway 50 years after its premiere. A reporter asked two psychiatrists to read the script. Their diagnosis: Willy Loman was suffering from clinical depression, a pathological condition that
45、 could and should be treated with drugs. Miller was appalled. “Loman is not a depressive,“ he told The New York Times. “He is weighed down by life. There are social reasons for why he is where he is. “ What society once viewed as an appropriate reaction to failed hopes and dashed dreams, it now rega
46、rds as a psychiatric illness. I)As NYUs Wakefield and Allan Horwitz of Rutgers University point out in The Loss of Sadness, this message has its roots in the bible of mental illness, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Its definition of a “major depressive episode“ is remarkab
47、ly broad. You must experience five not-uncommon symptoms, such as insomnia(失眠 ), difficulty concentrating and feeling sad or empty, for two weeks; the symptoms must cause distress or impairment, and they cannot be due to the death of a loved one. Anyone meeting these criteria is supposed to be treat
48、ed. J)When someone is appropriately sad, friends and colleagues offer support and sympathy. But by labeling appropriate sadness pathological, “ we have attached a stigma to being sad,“ says Wakefield, “with the result that depression tends to elicit hostility and rejection“ with an undercurrent of “
49、Get over it; take a pill.“ The normal range of human emotion is not being tolerated. “We dont know how drugs react with normal sadness and its functions, such as reconstituting your life out of the pain,“ says Wakefield. Those psychiatrists also express doubts to medicalise the sadness. 47 It is believed that keeping a sunny smile can contribute to a happy mood. 48 The happiest people are more likely to enjoy a stable, long and contented relationship
