1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 264及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled There Is No End to Learning by commenting on the famous saying, “Education is not complete with graduation.“ You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 w
2、ords. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. There Is No End to Learning Section A （ A） Because those children could not prove they regularly ate there. （ B） Because most of those children are healthy. （ C） Because consumers knew the dangers of McDonalds products. （ D） Because some children are not rea
3、lly overweight. （ A） McDonalds food is not clean. （ B） McDonalds food price is too high. （ C） McDonalds food contains high fat. （ D） McDonalds environment is not safe. （ A） Raise the oil prize. （ B） Cut back production. （ C） Reduce global economic growth. （ D） Remain the same level of output. （ A） T
4、o cut petroleum output. （ B） To fight against imperialism. （ C） To help his good friend. （ D） To promote the international exchanges. （ A） An attack launched by gunmen. （ B） A peace initiative before the attack. （ C） The damage to military hardware. （ D） A militant groups based in Pakistan. （ A） 4.
5、（ B） 2. （ C） 6. （ D） 8. （ A） At dusk. （ B） At 3:30 am. （ C） On Monday morning. （ D） On Friday afternoon. Section B （ A） She likes to do some extreme sports. （ B） She gets much pleasure from skiing. （ C） She was influenced by her parents. （ D） She can show off her skiing skills. （ A） They went skiing
6、. （ B） They learned how to ski. （ C） They went hiking. （ D） They gave lessons on hiking. （ A） Spend the whole vacation with her. （ B） Head back home for Christmas. （ C） Stay in California and learn to ski. （ D） Try to become a professional skier. （ A） Ski in California. （ B） Teach the man to ski. （
7、C） Visit her friends in Europe. （ D） Stay with the mans family. （ A） She is too busy to spare time. （ B） She has lost her voice. （ C） She doesnt have the mans number. （ D） She doesnt want to talk to the man. （ A） Cancel the class. （ B） Teach the class. （ C） Hand out exam papers. （ D） Collect student
8、s homework. （ A） He will use a master key to open the door. （ B） He will get Ashleys key from the woman. （ C） He will ask the departments secretary for help. （ D） He will force the lock with a hammer. （ A） She teaches in math department. （ B） She will not recover until Friday. （ C） She often misses
9、classes for being sick. （ D） She has a class to teach on Friday. Section C （ A） To ride to work from home. （ B） To find a place to park his bike. （ C） To work for 10 hours. （ D） To warm up his cars. （ A） It was a nice Kona 18 speed. （ B） It was their only possession. （ C） They used it for work and d
10、aily life. （ D） The husbands job was bike racing. （ A） From a stranger. （ B） From a newspaper. （ C） From TV news. （ D） From radio broadcasts. （ A） Strangers are usually of little help. （ B） One should take care of their bike. （ C） News reports make people famous. （ D） An act of kindness can mean a l
11、ot. （ A） They eat too much for lunch. （ B） They sleep too little at night. （ C） Their body temperatures become lower. （ D） The weather becomes a lot warmer. （ A） They work hard at noon. （ B） They feel too hot to sleep. （ C） Their work is difficult. （ D） They take naps at noon. （ A） More tired but do
12、nt want to sleep. （ B） More exhausted and sleepy later. （ C） Less tired but need more sleep. （ D） More relaxed and energetic. （ A） Experience is exclusively important for success in the industry. （ B） Its top management positions are held by women. （ C） Agents in the industry can establish independe
13、nt enterprises. （ D） Its employees at all levels are mostly women. （ A） To do important written work. （ B） To make good use of their knowledge. （ C） To gain the necessary experience. （ D） To deal with other people in the field. （ A） The agent should only know pricing policies of hotels. （ B） The age
14、nt needs to know how to compute fares. （ C） The agent can change travel regulations constantly. （ D） The agent neednt know new developments in the industry. Section A 26 Think before you post. You might not be aware of how much information youre【 C1】 _. Thats the message from the founders of Please
15、Rob Me, a website launched last week that【 C2】 _just how easy it is to rob people blind on the basis of the information theyre posting on the Web. The site uses streams of data from Foursquare, a(n) 【 C3】_popular location-based social network that is based on a game-like premise(前提 ). Players use sm
16、art phones or laptops to “check in“ to a location,【 C4】 _their position on a map for friends using the service to see. The more often you check in, the better your chances of being declared the mayor of a【 C5】 _location, be it a restaurant, bar, office or even your own home. The problem comes when u
17、sers also post these locations to Twitter, says Boy van Amstel, one of the founders of Please Rob Me. Then the information becomes【 C6】_available, making it possible for a robber to keep a close watch on when you say youre in your home or not. So how can you keep yourself off Please Rob Me and, more
18、 important, keep your home out of the police notebook? A little foresight goes a long way. Sites like Foursquare and its competitors dont post your location unless you give it to them, nor is it posted to Twitter without your【 C7】 _. Its always up to the user to【 C8】 _what to post. Are you going to
19、get robbed because youre oversharing? Its【 C9】 _. But Please Rob Me shows that sometimes a little【 C10】 _online can go a long way. A)illustrates E)decide I)typical M)means B)likely F)excessively J)increasingly N)consent C)publicly G)realize K)revealing O)recording D)particular H)caution L)unlikely 2
20、7 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Why Money Doesnt Buy Happiness What do the experts say? AAll in all, it was probably a mistake to look for the answer to the eternal question“Does money buy happiness?“ from people who practice wha
21、ts called the gloomy science. For when economists tackled the question, they started from the observation that when people put something up for sale they try to get as much for it as they can, and when people buy something they try to pay as little for it as they can. Both sides in the transaction,
22、the economists noticed, are therefore behaving as if they would be more satisfied, or happier, dare we say, if they ended up receiving more money(the seller)or holding on to more money(the buyer). Hence, more money must be better than less, and the only way more of something can be better than less
23、of it is if it brings you greater satisfaction. The economists conclusion: the more money you have, the happier you must be. BSuicidal CEOs, miserable magnates(大资本家 )and other unhappy rich folks arent the only ones giving the lie to this. “Psychologists have spent decades studying the relation betwe
24、en wealth and happiness,“ writes Harvard University psychologist Daniel Gilbert and they have generally concluded that wealth increases human happiness when it lifts people out of extreme poverty and into the middle class but that it does little to increase happiness thereafter. CThat flies in the f
25、ace of intuition(直觉 ), not to mention economic theory. According to standard economics, the most important commodity you can buy with additional wealth is choice. If you have $20 in your pocket, you can decide between steak and peanut butter for dinner, but if you have only $1 youd better hope you a
26、lready have a jar of jelly at home. Additional wealth also lets you satisfy additional needs and wants, and the more of those you satisfy the happier you are supposed to be. DThe trouble is, choice is not all its cracked up to be. Studies show that people like selecting from among maybe half a dozen
27、 kinds of food at the grocery store but find 27 choices ovenvhelming, leaving them habitually on edge that they could have chosen a better one than they did. And wants, which are nice to be able to afford, have a bad habit of becoming needs. Satisfying needs brings less emotional well-being than sat
28、isfying wants. What do the common people say? EThe nonlinear(非线性的 )nature of how much happiness money can buy comes through clearly in global surveys that ask people how satisfied they feel with their lives. In a typical survey people are asked to rank their sense of well-being or happiness on a sca
29、le of 1 to 7, where 1 means “not at all satisfied with my life“ and 7 means “completely satisfied.“ Of the American multimillionaires who responded, the average happiness score was 5.8. Homeless people in Calcutta came in at 2.9. But before you assume that money does buy happiness after all, conside
30、r who else rated themselves around 5.8: the Inuit of northern Greenland, who do not exactly lead a life of luxury, and the cattle-herding Masai of Kenya, whose huts have no electricity or running water. And proving Gilberts point about money buying happiness only when it lifts you out of extreme pov
31、erty, slum dwellers in Calcutta one economic rung above the homeless rate themselves at 4.6. FStudies tracking changes in a populations reported level of happiness over time have also dealt a death blow to the money-buys-happiness claim. Since World War II the gross domestic product(GDP)per capita h
32、as tripled in the United States. But peoples sense of well-being has barely been altered. Japan has had an even more dramatic rise in GDP per capita since its postwar misery, but measures of national happiness have been flat, as they have also been in Western Europe during its long postwar boom, acc
33、ording to social psychologist Ruut Veenhoven. An analysis of more than 150 studies on wealth and happiness concluded that “economic indicators have obvious shortcomings“ as approximations of well-being across nations. GThats partly because in an expanding economy, in which former luxuries such as wa
34、shing machines become necessities, the newly well-off people dont feel the same joy in having a machine do the laundry that their grandparents, suddenly freed from washboards, did. They just take the machines for granted. Another reason is that an expanding paycheck, especially in an expanding econo
35、my, produces expanding aspirations and a sense that there is always one more cool thing out there that you absolutely have to have. If money doesnt buy happiness, what does? HGrandma was right when she told you to value health and friends, not money and stuff. Researchers add fulfillment, a sense th
36、at life has meaning, belonging to civil and other groups, and living in a democracy that respects individual rights and the rule of law. If a nation wants to increase its populations sense of well-being, says Veenhoven, it should make “less investment in economic growth and more in policies that pro
37、mote good governance, liberties, democracy, trust and public safety.“ ICuriously, although money doesnt buy happiness, happiness can buy money. Young people who describe themselves as happy typically earn higher incomes, years later, than those who said they were unhappy. It seems that a sense of we
38、ll-being can make you more productive and more likely to show initiative and other traits that lead to a higher income. Contented(知足的 )people are also more likely to marry and stay married, as well as to be healthy, both of which increase happiness. JIf more money doesnt buy more happiness, then the
39、 behavior of most Americans looks downright insane, as we work harder and longer, decade after decade. But what is insane for an individual is crucial for a national economy that is, ever more growth and consumption. Gilbert again: “Economies can blossom and grow only if people are deceived into bel
40、ieving that the production of wealth will make them happy. Economies thrive when individuals strive, but because individuals will strive only for their own happiness, it is essential that they mistakenly believe that producing and consuming are routes to personal well-being.“ In other words, if you
41、want to do your part for your countrys economy, forget all of the above about money not buying happiness. 37 Based on standard economics, additional wealth can provide more options. 38 According to Veenhoven, a nation can increase its populations sense of well-being by making more effort to promote
42、good governance. 39 Most American work harder and longer for decades because they believe more money buys more happiness. 40 Global surveys prove Gilberts point that money increases happiness only when it relieves the utmost poverty. 41 According to the economists, more money buys more happiness. 42
43、 It is necessary for people to believe producing and consuming are routes to personal well-being for a thriving economy. 43 Initiative that leads to a higher income is usually motivated by a sense of well-being. 44 Some unhappy rich folks, like suicidal CEOs, show richness does not necessarily make
44、people happy. 45 In an expanding economy, the former luxuries are taken for granted by the new generation. 46 Too many choices may be negative in that people may regret about what they bought. Section C 46 Of all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans a
45、rent so good at money-management. We take out home loans we cant afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We dont save nearly enough for retirement. In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illin
46、ois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March. Students with top scores on that exam will receive ce
47、rtificates but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have
48、 been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students whod had a personal-finance or money-mana
49、gement course in high school scored no better than those who hadnt. “We need to figure out how to do this the right way,“ says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods dont work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high
