1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 268及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on success and persistence. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha
2、n 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） Their death rate is too high to be neglected. （ B） Governments pay little attention to the issue. （ C） They want to win the publics praise. （ D） There are little data about them to do research. （ A） Maternal death. （ B） Various types of
3、 injuries. （ C） Infectious disease. （ D） Natural disaster. （ A） The White House warned them not to do now. （ B） The panel of experts objected the proposals. （ C） NASA didnt get adequate money. （ D） It would be too costly to do so. （ A） By loaning money from the state bank. （ B） By cooperating with p
4、rivate enterprises. （ C） By resorting to commercial banks. （ D） By intensifying structural adjustment. （ A） LG has exposed new concept TVs. （ B） The market of TVs decreased. （ C） TV will be replaced by computers. （ D） LG is lagging behind in the TV competition. （ A） They will be sold in stores this
5、year. （ B） They will be mass-produced. （ C） The price of them is not very high. （ D） One of them can be rolled up like a newspaper. （ A） CES technology expo. （ B） Ultra-high definition televisions. （ C） Distinguishable technology. （ D） Creative concepts like LGs. Section B （ A） Take a job to pay the
6、 tuition fees. （ B） Visit his parents in his hometown. （ C） Spend the summer with his friends. （ D） Work as a volunteer in South Africa. （ A） Her home is too far away from her university. （ B） Her parents have been volunteering in South America. （ C） She is too busy to visit her parents. （ D） She ha
7、s to take a part-time job during vacations. （ A） The loaning rate is too high. （ B） The loan procedure is complex. （ C） She wouldnt be able to get a loan. （ D） She hates to have debt burden. （ A） Stay with her parents the whole summer. （ B） Take a full-time job to earn some money. （ C） Go back home
8、and take a part-time job. （ D） Apply for a loan and stay with her parents. （ A） She needs to do some research on industrial architecture. （ B） Albert Kahn is the womans most-respected architect. （ C） She is interested in his classical design and industrial design. （ D） Albert Kahn designed many gran
9、d factories all over the world. （ A） They were inefficient. （ B） They had wooden frames. （ C） They were spacious and airy. （ D） They didnt provide enough light. （ A） It made the buildings solid and fireproof. （ B） It decreased workers labor intensity. （ C） It shortened the construction period. （ D）
10、It beautified the outlook of the buildings. （ A） He did research in Kahns factories. （ B） He read a lot of background materials. （ C） He focused on Kahns classical design. （ D） He went to the auto plants in Detroit. Section C （ A） They travel faster near the TV station. （ B） They can work better tha
11、n ever before. （ C） They usually follow the curve of the earth. （ D） They travel in straight lines in all directions. （ A） Pay a monthly charge. （ B） Pay a yearly charge. （ C） Pay a daily charge. （ D） Pay an hourly charge. （ A） All classrooms use cable television. （ B） City people can see extra prog
12、rams. （ C） The charge of cable is much lowered. （ D） TV signals can be received more easily. （ A） He had no pension. （ B） He had a great car. （ C） He was right at the age of 56. （ D） He owned a recipe for chicken. （ A） Ask his friends to sell Fried Chicken. （ B） Work as a cook in a famous restaurant
13、. （ C） Sell his chicken recipe to restaurant owners. （ D） Study hard to work out a chicken recipe. （ A） 65. （ B） 105. （ C） 1008. （ D） 1009. （ A） Collectivism. （ B） Equality. （ C） Social group. （ D） Individualism. （ A） Equal rights and equal freedom. （ B） Equal worth and equal opportunity. （ C） Equal
14、 opportunity and equal pay. （ D） Equal worth and equal status. （ A） Protesting their unequal treatment. （ B） Enduring all the hardships willingly. （ C） Fulfilling their dreams through hard work. （ D） Learning how to get freedom and equality. （ A） People can easily fight with each other. （ B） Conflic
15、ts with others become inevitable. （ C） Americans are too concerned about their status. （ D） Ones freedom can conflict with others rights. Section A 26 Next time you enter a username and password, think about the rhythm of your typing. Not only can it be used to identify you, it can reveal if you are
16、 in a stressful environment. It has long been known that the rhythms of a persons typing style are【 C1】_over time, leading to suggestions they could be used to【 C2】 _identity or even spot early signs of Alzheimers disease. But little was known about the effect of stress on typing【 C3】 _, so psycholo
17、gist Mike Dowman and colleagues at the University of Abertay investigated. They asked 35 people to log into a computer 36 times over three【 C4】_sessions up to a month apart, using the same username and password. People were put into【 C5】 _and relaxed states alternately(交替地 )by listening to a range o
18、f sounds known to【 C6】 _particular emotions. The length of time each key was held down and the【 C7】 _between one being released and another pressed was recorded to generate a typing “fingerprint“ for each person. The team used the data to develop and test software that identifies a person from their
19、 typing style【 C8】 _. The data also showed that stress can be【 C9】 _in a persons typing because it changes the pattern of timings. “Theres no question: people do type【 C10】 _under stress,“ says Dowman. He suggests that security systems could be designed to raise the alarm if it seems that a person m
20、ight be being forced to log into a system. More research will be needed, however, before a system could tell if a person is, say, just having a bad day or being held at gunpoint. A)stressed E)interval I)differently M)normally B)alone F)verify J)environments N)patterns C)provoke G)only K)detected O)s
21、eparate D)stable H)unchangeable L)complete 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 What If A College Education Just Isnt for Everyone? ALong before the president swore last year that America will “have the highest proportion of college
22、graduates in the world“ by 2020, the importance placed on going to college was firmly rooted in the American soul. The case is compelling: As good jobs increasingly require more education, college is widely seen as the ticket to personal economic security and to global competitiveness. And yet, ther
23、es a potential trend of concern about a group of students sometimes called “the forgotten half,“ who, for whatever reason, do not think college is for them. Its expressed by soul-searching parents such as Crave, whose son doesnt thrive in the classroom. Its also expressed increasingly by educators,
24、economists and policy analysts, who question whether its realistic and responsible to push students into college even if the odds of academic success seem low. BTheyre swimming against a powerful tide. A small but growing number of states now require all high-schoolers to take a college entrance exa
25、m. Philadelphias mayor opened an office in City Hall last month to help residents get information about how to attain a college degree. Bill Gates, perhaps the worlds most famous college dropout, has poured more than $2 billion into programs and scholarships to help more students complete college. B
26、ut whats still getting lost, some argue, is that too many students are going to college not because they want to, but because they think they have to. “Were force-feeding them“ the idea that “you must go to college or youll be a second-class citizen,“ says Marty Nemko, a California career counselor.
27、 Economic benefits, and more CThe debate over college is not new, but todays economic climate has raised the stakes. “Theres beginning to be a lot of concern among the American public thatif you dont get into that upper class, youre going to struggle your whole life,“ says Public Agendas Jean Johnso
28、n. A four-year degree is no guarantee of wealthy of course. About 25% of those with bachelors degrees earn less than those with two-year degrees, studies by Georgetown Universitys Center on Education and the Workforce have found. But research consistently has shown that, on average, those at the top
29、 of higher educations pecking order reap the most benefits, both economically and beyond. D“This is a market for social position, which is why we spend so much on going to Harvard and one of the reasons its hard to get a student excited“ about community college, says Anthony Carnevale, director of t
30、he center. “Class is real, and it has consequences. The position you hold, where you work, really determines your status.“ Falling through the cracks EEconomists continue to debate the slight differences of trend data for jobs and wages. But some argue that college dropout rates alone suggest many s
31、tudents are wasting their time and money. Federal data show that fewer than 60% of new students graduate from four-year colleges in six years, and just one in three community college students earn a degree. “Its fine for most kids to go to college, of course, but it is not obvious to me that that is
32、 the best option for the majority,“ says Mike Gould, founder of New Futures, a Washington, D.C.-based organization that provides scholarships for low-income students pursuing anything from a four-year degree to a massage-therapy certification. “Some education may be a good thing or it may just be a
33、lot of debt.“ FThe problem, Gould and others say, is that many high schools focus so much on college that low-achieving students fall through the cracks. A Public Agenda report this month raises similar concerns about high school guidance counseling. It follows up on a December survey that concluded
34、 most young workers who dont have a college degree “are in their jobs by chance, not by choice,“ and that guidance toward a career path “is hardly clear and purposeful.“ The apprentice(学徒 )model GApprenticeships have long been popular in Europe, but workforce-oriented high school training is not nea
35、rly as common in U.S. schools. One reason is that such programs sound dangerously similar to tracking sorting students by ability level, a practice repeatedly rejected in U.S. culture, in which the dominant philosophy is that all students should have opportunity to meet their full potential. If high
36、 schools were to advise students that some education beyond high school is not necessary for everyone, “theres a little bit of a concern that. were saying a lesser goal is OK for the populations of students who have been historically least well-served by higher education,“ says Jane Wellman, executi
37、ve director of Delta Project, which studies higher education spending. HIn recent years, male college-going and completion rates have raised concerns. But those least well-served historically are low-income and underrepresented minority students, who are less likely than their peers to pursue two- a
38、nd four-year degrees, and most at risk of not completing college if they do enroll. ISome evidence suggests, though, that students already are being held to different standards. A recent national survey of high school teachers by ACT Inc., the educational testing company, found 71% agreed “completel
39、y“ or “a great deal“ that high school graduates need the same set of skills and knowledge whether they plan to go to college or enter the workforce, yet 42% said teachers reduce academic expectations for students they perceive as not being college-bound. Studies released in November by Deloitte, an
40、international consulting firm, suggest another disconnect: A survey of 400 low-income parents found that 89% say its “extremely“ or “very important“ that their child goes to college, but just 9% of high school teachers viewed preparing students for college as their most important mission. JDeloitte
41、CEO Barry Salzberg, chairman of the College Summit, which seeks to increase college enrollment rates, says thats misguided. “I think we should measure high schools on their college entrance rate and figure out a way to track performance of high school graduates in college and see how many go beyond
42、one full year of college.“ But others say the enthusiasm to increase college-going rates ignores the reality that many students will be in over their heads once they start college. “College preparation for everyone is a very nice ideal, but we have a very high failure rate,“ says Northwestern Univer
43、sity professor James Rosenbaum. “If we dont start letting counselors be frank, were not going to fix this system.“ 37 High college dropout rate indicates that some students are wasting their time and money in college. 38 Historically speaking, minority students, being poor and underrepresented, are
44、the least well-served group in college education. 39 Some are worried that the high college failure rates will be ignored if we put too much emphasis on increasing college-going rates. 40 The apprenticeship in the U.S. is not as popular as in Europe in that the model conflicts with the U.S. dominant
45、 culture. 41 To increase college graduation rate, the mayor of Philadelphia informed residents about how to get a college degree. 42 College education is always considered as the ticket to economic security and high competitive power. 43 Teachers will lower their academic expectations of those who a
46、re considered as not being college-bound. 44 The studies by Georgetown Universitys Center on Education and the Workforce show a bachelors degree doesnt necessarily bring high wages. 45 Many students think they have to go to college because thats the way to the upper social position. 46 According to
47、the survey in December, those who dont have a college degree are in theirs jobs by chance. Section C 46 If youre like most people, youre way too smart for advertising. You skip right past newspaper ads, never click on ads online and leave the room during TV commercials. That, at least, is what we te
48、ll ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business. And if Martin Lindstrom author of the best seller Buyology and a marketing consultant for Fortune 500 companies, including PepsiCo and Dis
49、ney is correct, trying to tune this stuff out is about to get a whole lot harder. Lindstrom is a practitioner of neuromarketing(神经营销学 )research, in which consumers are exposed to ads while hooked up to machines that monitor brain activity, sweat responses and movements in face muscles, all of which are markers of emotion. According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertising principally engage only one of our senses: sight. Hearing, however, can be ju
