1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 28及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Studying Abroad following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1越来越多的年轻人选择出国留学 2
2、你对出国留学的态度以及支持或反对的理由 Studying Abroad Section A （ A） There were many shops there. （ B） There were many expensive goods there. （ C） There used to be many people there. （ D） It used to be very clean and narrow. （ A） In a hotel. （ B） In a store. （ C） In an electrical shop. （ D） In a laundry. （ A） She has
3、 sold all of her book collections. （ B） She wont collect books any more. （ C） She still keeps some of her book collections. （ D） She wont buy new books in the future. （ A） Finish the report. （ B） Fuel the car. （ C） Take Tom to the zoo. （ D） Fix the car. （ A） The woman sold her bicycle for the MP5. （
4、 B） The woman doesnt like her MP5. （ C） The woman spent much money on the MP5. （ D） The womans MP5 is not good enough. （ A） Care more about her boss. （ B） Take care of her own business. （ C） Talk about her boss with her husband. （ D） Refuse to work for her boss. （ A） The man doesn t like the woman s
5、 hairstyle. （ B） People in the bus dont like the womans hairstyle. （ C） The woman has just had her hair cut. （ D） The mans sister has the same hairstyle with the woman. （ A） He is a director of his department. （ B） He is confused by the message. （ C） He bears the same name with a colleague. （ D） He
6、works in the Sales Department. （ A） He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school. （ B） He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years. （ C） He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago. （ D） He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit. （ A） He prefers a f
7、ull-time job with more responsibility. （ B） He is eager to find a job with an increased salary. （ C） He likes to work in a company close to home. （ D） He would rather get a less demanding job. （ A） Sports. （ B） Travel. （ C） Foreign languages. （ D） Computer games. （ A） When he is supposed to start wo
8、rk. （ B） What responsibilities he would have. （ C） When he will be informed about his application. （ D） What career opportunities her company can offer. （ A） She is pregnant. （ B） She is over 50. （ C） She has just finished her project. （ D） She is a good saleswoman. （ A） He takes good care of Lisa.
9、（ B） He is the CEO of a giant company. （ C） He is good at business management. （ D） He works as a sales manager. （ A） It is in urgent need of further development. （ B） It produces goods popular among local people. （ C） It has been losing market share in recent years. （ D） It is well positioned to co
10、mpete with the giants. Section B （ A） It has grown up to 80 million recently. （ B） It is a quarter of the whole population in the world. （ C） It accounts for a quarter of the added population in the world. （ D） Its living condition is worsening compared with developed countries. （ A） The global popu
11、lation will reduce by 2050. （ B） The birth rates in developing countries will eventually go down. （ C） Africa will have the largest population. （ D） Government will meet the needs of education. （ A） The shortage of work-age labor. （ B） The lower pension for elderly population. （ C） The long-term dec
12、line in economy. （ D） The older age for retirement. （ A） The problems of poorest countries. （ B） The population problems in developing countries. （ C） Problems caused by low birth rate. （ D） Birth rate in different areas and the problems it causes. （ A） How to reduce weight by 9 kilos. （ B） How to k
13、eep their new weight. （ C） How to find a counselor to lose weight. （ D） How to visit a weight loss management website. （ A） Internet didnt help in controlling weight. （ B） Those without any program regained their original weight. （ C） Those with personal counseling regained the least. （ D） Those Int
14、ernet users got the most weight. （ A） Internet can help to lose weight for those regular users. （ B） More people will like the weight loss management website. （ C） Internet is more effective than personal counseling. （ D） Web-based weight loss management will be popular. （ A） Good family relations m
15、ay contribute to good social relations. （ B） Friendship is one of the most important social relations. （ C） Family relations are connected with our health. （ D） Social interaction is related to our health. （ A） They are likely to change ones thought. （ B） They can help to deal with pressures. （ C） T
16、hey may help to kick off bad habits. （ D） They can help us to become a doctor. （ A） Non-smoking areas should get expanded. （ B） Public relations affect personal achievements. （ C） Policy-makers should connect relations with health. （ D） Policies should be changed if they hinder relations. Section C
17、26 There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and【 B1】 _in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often forgotten, never reach the outside world. Things have done a complete about-face since then.【 B2】 _for the change has bee
18、n the astonishingly swift development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is【 B3】 _about us in one place or another and for one reason or another can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by【 B4】 _and by private businesse
19、s and corporations, lending institutions, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government【 B5】 _at the local, state, and federal level. A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and【 B6】 _of computerized data as a frightening invasion of
20、their privacy. Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been【 B7】 _growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and【 B8】 _. In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people【 B9】 _felt their privacy w
21、as being invaded. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had【 B10】 _to 76 percent. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Several years ag
22、o, I learned that a physician in a town not too far from where I was practicing had committed suicide. Neither I nor my hospital colleagues knew him, but【 C1】 _to the story we heard, he was the father of young children, was respected by doctors and【 C2】 _alike and had struggled privately with mental
23、 illness since medical school. But it was not the details of his life that haunted us; it was the details of his【 C3】_He had locked himself in a room in the hospital, placed a large needle in his vein and【 C4】 _himself with a drug that so effectively paralyzed his muscles he was unable to breathe or
24、 call for help. For days afterward, the doctors death came up【 C5】 _in conversations. We talked about the grief his family must have been experiencing and speculated(猜测 )on the extent of depression he must have experienced, but we dared not speak of, let alone imagine, the【 C6】 _of his final moments
25、. Always, we ended up asking one another the same question: How could a doctor who most likely knew about what he was suffering from and about the treatments availablenever【 C7】 _help? For several decades now, studies have consistently shown that physicians have higher rates of suicide than the【 C8】
26、 _population. While research has【 C9】 _the beginning of this tragic difference to the years spent in medical school, the【 C10】_factors remain uncertain. A)enduring F)seek K)recognized B)traced G)contributing L)death C)general H)decision M)continuously D)injected I)repeatedly N)suffering E)patients J
27、)corresponding O)according 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Is it cheaper to be a woman or a man? A)To celebrate the launch of gender equality in financial services, Money explored other areas of spending to find out if theres di
28、scrimination and after crunching the numbers found the cost of being a woman is(mildly unscientifically)6% more than a man. Clothes B)Some retailers charge different prices for near identical items, depending on whether you are in the mens or the womens sections. You might think that mens clothes sh
29、ould cost more as they are likely to involve more material, and this is the case at some shopsat Uniqlo, for instance, skinny jeans are 5 more, a cashmere sweater 10 more. However, other retailers charge women more: at Next, for example, you will pay 24 for a “supersoft robe“ dressing gown, while a
30、mans is 22. Womens Levis jeans are 20 more than the 70 for mens 501s. Overall, where there was a difference, if you bought the same number of identical garments, you would pay more as a man. This seems to be borne out by transaction data from Barclaycard which shows that amongst its customers, women
31、 spend an average of 59 a time on clothes, while for men it is 65. C)But across the course of a year, women do have a much bigger outlay(花费 ). The latest ONS(Office for National Statistics)survey on household spending shows that in 2011 it was an average 244 a year on mens clothes, against an averag
32、e of 458 on womens clothes. Womens shoes accounted for 109 a year, while mens cost 68. Mens accessories cost 10 a year, while womens 21. Add this all up and on average women are spending 588 a year on their wardrobes, while men are shelling out(花大笔钱 ) 322. Single-sex spending D)The ONS also has data
33、 for the cost of underwear and it may not be a surprise that household spending on womens underwear is higher, at an average of 57.20 a year versus 26 _for men. A trip to Marks & Spencer established that mens pants cost more than knickers, but women face additional costs for tights and bras. A surve
34、y earlier this year suggested the average woman has nine bras in her underwear drawer even if you go for Marks & Spencers basic two-pack of white bras, that means an outlay of almost 70, and you will need to replace them at some point. E)Another item women will have to buy purely because of their ge
35、nder is sanitary products. The average woman has periods for at least 30 years of her life and the average cycle is 28 days, so she has 13 a year. Assuming her period lasts five days and she uses four sanitary towels a day, thats 260 a year. A packet of 26 Always Ultra costs 3.85 in Boots, so that a
36、dds up to 38.50 a year, or at least 1 155 over a lifetime. For tampons(assuming 20 cost 1. 99)the outlay is likely to be around 776 over 30 years. F)For many women, the cost of make-up adds a considerable amount each month. The ONS says 2.70 a week, or 140 a year, is spent on cosmetics. Men might ar
37、gue that they need to buy razors(剃须刀 ), but so do many women and they tend to cost more. At Boots, a pack of 10 Wilkinson Sword razors aimed at the female market cost 4.39- 1.30 more than a similar product aimed at men. The cost of living G)There are other costs that are dictated by nature. Women, f
38、or example, are advised to have an average calorie intake of 2 000 a day, while a man needs 2 500 to maintain his weight, so men need 25% more calories every day. This will not necessarily cost 25% more- you can bulk up a meal by throwing in more of the cheaper staples such as pasta and rice etc. ,
39、but it will add to the cost. A survey of US office workers found that men who bought takeaway sandwiches were spending almost double on lunch each week than their female counterparts. H)Women are also advised to drink less two to three units a day against the three or four guideline for men. A bottl
40、e of wine at 13.5% alcohol contains 10.13 units. If it costs 4.99, assuming you have the maximum each day, as a woman you will spend 1. 47 and as a man 1. 96. Thats a big assumption many people drink less, some more. I)One big thing to remember is that although alcohol may be a preservative, women a
41、re likely to live longer, and will therefore have to meet their living costs for more years. In 2010 the average life expectancy at birth was 82 for women and 78 for men: that means forking out for food, heating, travel, entertainment, for four extra years. The change to annuity rates brought in by
42、the gender directive means that women will get the same income as a man, regardless of the fact that they are expected to live longer, but they will need to factor these years of extra spending into their other savings. Haircuts J)Ask most men how much they pay for a haircut and theyll probably say
43、around a tenner at their local barber. Unless they are friends with a hairdresser, women will usually spend at least double that. This will be in part because they go to different places for their cuts, but even if a man and a woman walked in to the same salon the woman would probably end up paying
44、more. K)Many salons have stopped pricing according to sex, but some quote different costs according to the length of hair, which means women are likely to end up spending more. In Supercuts, for example, prices are advertised as starting from 13.95 for a cut and 16.95 for a cut and wash. At my local
45、 salon the hairdresser said a man would pay 16. 95 or 18. 95, while a cut and shampoo of my shoulder-length hair would cost 23.90. L)By this point you may well be shouting “I need to buy razors far more often than my girlfriend“ or “I have to spend on my hair, youre a baldie(光头 )“, and of course you
46、r individual circumstances will affect your spending habits and needs or you may have other examples of instances where pricing is different for each sex. 47 In terms of a single day or year, men usually consume more alcohol than women. 48 More material used makes the mens clothes more expensive tha
47、n womens at Uniqlo. 49 Peoples spending habits and needs are different according to their own situations. 50 According to the ONS, womens spending on underwear is more than twice as much as that of mens. 51 Razors seem to be necessary for both men and women. 52 The longer life of women means their l
48、ifetime expenses may get bigger. 53 On average, that men need more calories than women is the main cause of the difference between mens and womens cost of food. 54 No matter whether men and women go to the same or different places for haircut, women are likely to spend more than men. 55 According to
49、 a survey on household spending, people spend most on clothes rather than shoes and accessories. 56 In some salons, the price of haircut is not set by sex any more, but sometimes by how long the hair is. Section C 56 Health workers who are HIV positive are banned from performing most surgery or dental treatment in case they cut themselves with their i
