1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 36及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entiled Benefits and Challenges of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. Write your essay o
2、n Answer Sheet 1. 1网上购物越来越受到人们的欢迎； 2简述网络购物的好处和所面临的挑战； 3请简述你是怎样看待网上购物的。 Section A （ A） She can use his car. （ B） She can borrow someone elses car. （ C） She must get her car fixed. （ D） She cant borrow his car. （ A） Because he doesnt enjoy business trips as much as he used to. （ B） Because he doesnt t
3、hink he is capable of doing the job. （ C） Because he thinks the pay is too low to support his family. （ D） Because he wants to spend more time with his family. （ A） Go and see a doctor. （ B） Stop smoking at once. （ C） Take some medicine. （ D） Reduce the amount of smoking. （ A） She has confidence in
4、him. （ B） She is surprised at the news. （ C） She has also won a scholarship. （ D） She isnt interested in this news. （ A） He doesnt like to talk. （ B） He is a very kind man. （ C） He is friendly. （ D） He is not a pleasant person. （ A） To the bank. （ B） To a restaurant. （ C） To the grocers. （ D） To a b
5、ook store. （ A） Try to help him to book another room in her hotel. （ B） Check his information to see if he has booked a room. （ C） Show him the way to the Grand Hotel. （ D） Help him to find rooms in another hotel. （ A） The man would rather have dinner than go shopping. （ B） The man is too tired to g
6、o shopping. （ C） The man wants to go shopping. （ D） The woman wants to go out for dinner. （ A） From the newspaper. （ B） From her classmates. （ C） From her friends. （ D） From the man. （ A） Plant some trees on campus. （ B） Organize a picnic. （ C） Build a parking lot. （ D） Protect the natural beauty on
7、 campus. （ A） She will attend a meeting. （ B） She will attend a class. （ C） She will visit her friends. （ D） She will go to the parking lot. （ A） Lend her pen to the man. （ B） Go to the administration with the man. （ C） Give out the handouts with the man. （ D） Sign her name to support the student ac
8、tion union. （ A） They had to stay in Denver for two days. （ B） They missed seeing the Grand Canyon. （ C） They started out on the wrong highway. （ D） They almost didnt see Indian Falls. （ A） Highway 40. （ B） Highway 14. （ C） Highway 90. （ D） Highway 19. （ A） John was prevented from going fishing. （ B
9、） Jimmy got sick from eating too many grapes. （ C） They stayed with the wifes cousin. （ D） They had some trouble with their automobile. Section B （ A） The importance of advertisement. （ B） The societys great need of advertisement. （ C） The origin of advertisement. （ D） The prosperity of advertisemen
10、t. （ A） The local governments. （ B） Their owners families. （ C） Advertisements. （ D） The audience. （ A） Advertising is personal. （ B） Advertisements are convincing. （ C） Advertisements are unreliable. （ D） Advertisements are misleading. （ A） They share certain traditional customs. （ B） They share ce
11、rtain travel places. （ C） They share certain traditional foods. （ D） They share the traditional music. （ A） They will exchange rings. （ B） They will exchange presents. （ C） They will exchange promises. （ D） They will exchange flowers. （ A） To hold a reception party. （ B） To have a big dinner. （ C） T
12、o congratulate on the couple. （ D） To shower the couple with rice. （ A） It resembles the biological virus. （ B） It works the same way as the human virus. （ C） It influences the human as the biological viruses do. （ D） It spreads to people who use the infected computers. （ A） They invade the computer
13、 and make it a place for manufacturing. （ B） They spread throughout the whole system by quickly copying themselves. （ C） They infect the hard disc and the whole system. （ D） They spread viruses inside the computer system. （ A） It is a virus that causes great damage. （ B） It is a virus that once infe
14、cted the IBMs computer system. （ C） It is a virus that carries a Christmas greeting. （ D） It is a virus that causes no harm to the computer systems. （ A） It can cause no damages at all. （ B） It can cause damages to the computer systems. （ C） It can copy your files in computers. （ D） It can format yo
15、ur hard drive. Section C 26 Half a century ago, most people lived in【 B1】 _areas. However, according to the most recent estimate projected by the United Nations,【 B2】 _half of all people will live in cities by 2012, for the first time in history. City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts
16、 worry about this process of【 B3】 _. According to a new report from the Worldwatch Institute, an environmental research group in Washington, it is having a huge【 B4】 _on human health and the【 B5】 _of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, about one billion live in【 B6】
17、_ settlements. These are areas of poverty, slums, that generally lack basic services like clean water, or even【 B7】 _housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and their【 B8】 _ areas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. Molly OMeara Sheehan,【 B9】 _of the Worldwatch repor
18、t, believes that the international community has been too slow to recognize the growth of urban poverty. Policymakers, she says, need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas. The report talks about some successful efforts by local governments and community groups For exampl
19、e, Freetown in Sierra Leone has established farming within the city limits to meet much of its growing food demands. In Bogota, the capital of Colombia, engineers have created a bus system that has helped reduce【 B10】 _ and improve quality of life. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B
20、6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 “Made in China“ lost its novelty(新颖 )long ago. The label has become【 C1】_in much of the world, stick to shoes, toys, clothes and a host of other items produced for global companies. What is novelty, however, are China-made goods【 C2】_under Chinese
21、 brand names. Only a handful of Chinese firms so【 C3】_have the money and the management technique to establish international【 C4】_. Most of the vast companies are struggling to get even national recognition. But the pioneering companies which have started exploring overseas market might be【 C5】_as o
22、n the beginning of something big. Some【 C6】 _that individually, with the help of enterprising local management or eager multinational partners wanting to add new products to their stable, Chinese brands could become a global phenomenon within a decade, marketed on quality and foreign appeal, as【 C7】
23、 _as competitive pricing. The concept of Chinese brands has been evolving through the 1990s, but is now getting【 C8】 _attention at home. Although the domestic market is still robust, a handful of【 C9】 _enterprises, or SOEs, including listed Chinese companies, are now looking to establish internation
24、al brands because they believe the quality of both their products and their management has【 C10】 _. Chinese joint ventures think their products can compete on quality with foreign brands anywhere, while enjoying the advantage of being perceived as exotic. A)well B)companies C)less D)far E)regarded F
25、)that G)believe H)greater I)named J)improved K)state-owned L)widespread M)sold N)brands O)looked 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 A Grassroots Remedy A)Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk th
26、e dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers(慢跑者 )jog, they dont run the streets
27、. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not. B)But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived(丧失 ), I spent my boyhood climbing trees on S
28、tratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. C)The tr
29、uth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(多动症 ).Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material
30、surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%. D)A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children acces
31、s to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school. E)Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy(等级 )based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area wa
32、s planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity. F)Most bullying(恃强凌弱 )is found in schools where there is a tarmac(柏油碎石 )playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to e
33、xplore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get di
34、rty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls. G)One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact wi
35、th nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. H)The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. A
36、nd study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. I)fn wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when the
37、re is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior.*“ Wild places need encouraging for
38、 this reason, no matter how small their contribution. J)We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural wor
39、ld are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals(哺乳动 物 ). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under
40、 a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living
41、things around us we are less than human. K)Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, loo
42、k, listen, absorb. Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere thats not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed. Drink: The best way to enjoy the natu
43、ral world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background. Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you
44、 see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life. Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out these and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods
45、, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all. 47 The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill. 48 The authors profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways. 49 I
46、t can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD. 50 Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature. 51 Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found. 52 Dr. William Bird su
47、ggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence. 53 According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement. 54 Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved
48、in bullying. 55 We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking, sitting, drinking, learning and traveling. 56 It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated. Section C 56 It was once thought that air pollution affected
49、 only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic
