1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 91及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. University students are busy with preparing for exams to get all kinds of certificates fo
2、r English proficiency, computer skills, accounting, etc. They believe they have more chances of getting a good job with their certificates. However, some people argue that certificates do not necessarily indicate more abilities and better jobs. What is your opinion? Section A （ A） Its awfully dull.
3、（ B） It s really exciting. （ C） It s very exhausting. （ D） Its quite challenging. （ A） She should be careful about spending her money. （ B） She should not buy the blue dress. （ C） She should buy the blue dress. （ D） She should buy the blue dress next month. （ A） He doesnt like his new eyeglass frame
4、s. （ B） He didn t get a haircut. （ C） He got his eyeglasses a long time ago. （ D） Several people have asked him about his new eyeglass frames. （ A） Its too high. （ B） It s acceptable. （ C） It s cheap indeed. （ D） The woman should have bargained for it. （ A） At two o clock. （ B） At three o clock. （ C
5、） At four o clock. （ D） At five o clock. （ A） The woman isnt a skillful typist. （ B） The woman should work as hard as Mary. （ C） The woman should do the typing for Mary. （ D） The woman would understand if she did Mary s job. （ A） He wants to change the time of the appointment. （ B） He wants the woma
6、n to meet him at three o clock. （ C） He wants to make an appointment with Mr. Smith. （ D） He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him. （ A） She regretted having bought the second-hand car. （ B） It is unnecessary to rent another house. （ C） They should sell their second-hand car and buy a new o
7、ne. （ D） They can afford a second-hand car. （ A） Young couple. （ B） Middle-aged couple. （ C） Classmates. （ D） Teammates. （ A） Take exercise. （ B） Keep on a diet. （ C） Join a basketball team. （ D） Keep fit. （ A） The man s heart. （ B） A physical checkup. （ C） The man will fail to join the team. （ D） T
8、he health of the man. （ A） Watch his diet. （ B） Have a physical checkup. （ C） Take up a training. （ D） Go to bed early. （ A） The way to keep warm. （ B） The history of paper. （ C） The coming presentation. （ D） The uses of paper. （ A） Paper is used to keep warm. （ B） Paper can make chairs and tables.
9、（ C） Paper has been used to make boats. （ D） Paper has been used to make cars. （ A） He is preparing for a presentation. （ B） He is fond of looking up material on paper. （ C） He is an expert on paper. （ D） He is from Finland. Section B （ A） Sought after by too many people. （ B） Too difficult for youn
10、g people. （ C） For ambitious people only. （ D） For young people only. （ A） Collect tickets. （ B） Take care of the managers dress. （ C） Play all kinds of parts. （ D） Help advertise their plays. （ A） The most famous actress of the world. （ B） Playing the leading female role in a film. （ C） As famous a
11、s the greatest actor of the world. （ D） No less famous than the leading actor of the day. （ A） The development of the computer. （ B） People have more access to the stored information. （ C） It is easier to store more and more information at a central point. （ D） All the above. （ A） Information on ind
12、ividuals should not be used without authorized purposes. （ B） The stored information should be kept from individuals access. （ C） Individuals have no right to correct or amend records. （ D） Individuals need no procedures to find out how his information is used. （ A） It s hard to limit access to info
13、rmation. （ B） It s hard to forbid the freedom of information use. （ C） Its hard to get a balance between limiting access to information and using it for social needs. （ D） It s hard to forbid individuals from invading others privacy. （ A） Because it cannot be noticed by human senses. （ B） Because so
14、metimes it can be detected by human sense. （ C） Because it may be all around us. （ D） Because it may be touched sometimes. （ A） By killing all the cells. （ B） By killing the vital organs. （ C） By killing the vital cells. （ D） By killing masses of cells in vital organs. （ A） A few cells of an animal
15、or human being are damaged by radiation. （ B） A few cells of an animal or human being are damaged by radiation and then reproduce themselves. （ C） A few cells of an animal or human being are killed by radiation. （ D） A few cells of an animal or human being are killed by radiation and will never repr
16、oduce themselves. （ A） He may feel fine. （ B） He may die of cancer. （ C） He may bring harm to his descendants. （ D） All of the above. Section C 26 There have been a lot of reports that boys are in trouble in American education. Some people say【 B1】 _to improve education for girls, especially in math
17、 and science, have resulted in a 【 B2】 _for boys. It says American boys in most cases are doing better than ever. “But girls have just【 B3】 _ their performance on some measures even faster,“ it says. As a result, girls have【 B4】 _or closed differences with boys in some areas and moved【 B5】 _ahead of
18、 them in others. The report does agree that some groups of boys are in trouble. It says this is true especially of Hispanics and blacks and those from poor families. But it says closing【 B6】 _and economic differences would help them more than【 B7】_differences between boys and girls. Another【 B8】 _is
19、 the large number of boys being identified with learning and emotional disabilities. Also, the report says policymakers now recognize the need to reform public high schools. Such changes should help boys as well as girls. The Education Sector report【 B9】 _more study into the differences between boys
20、 and girls and into the culture of schools. It says the research will help teachers and parents better understand why gains for boys are not rising as fast as for girls. But the report also advises the public not to worry too much, and to be careful not to【 B10】_the gains that girls have made. 27 【
21、B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Today I would like to tell you about the effects of old age on health. Actually today a lot of 【 C1】 _have taken place in the care of old people and old people s health is not nearly so bad as it used
22、to be. Probably the most ignored disorder among old people is【 C2】 _. Maybe about 15% of older people【 C3】 _from this condition. A lot of it is caused by【 C4】 _. Although it is better now for old people, we have to admit that the body does change as we grow older. The【 C5】 _system starts to decline
23、and there are changes in metabolism, lungs, the senses, the brain and the skin. So what should an old person do to【 C6】 _these changes? He or she should eat a【 C7】 _diet not too much fat chicken or fish should be eaten rather than eggs or beef. Eat more high fibre and vitamin rich foods, such as【 C8
24、】 _and fruit. The old person should give up smoking if he hasnt already done so. He should also do regular【 C9】 _ at least half an hour, three times a week. No section of the【 C10】 _can benefit more from exercise than the elderly. A)floatation B)combat C)pervasive D)improvements E)immune F)depressio
25、n G)suffer H)population I)balanced J)vegetables K)over-medication L)determined M)contempt N)exercise O)regularly 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 How to Make Peace with Your Workload A)Swamped(忙碌的 ), under the gun, just strugglin
26、g to stay above water; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, weve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once a
27、nd for all goes as follows. B)Get organized. “Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that youll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion,“ says Jeff Davidson who works as
28、a work / life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. “When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.“ Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management ex
29、perience, believes that keeping organized is a must. “Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you can t locate a document or report easily because it s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,“ he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tid
30、y up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.“ C)Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an adverti
31、sing consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,“ she suggests. “This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be e
32、asy to get overwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,“ Carlson says. D)Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless youre drinking c
33、offee while scanning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. “If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,“ Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and
34、you may end up never accomplishing a thing.“ Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one,“ he says. E)Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock Brown, a work-at-home single par
35、ent, says shes frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all“ by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality that flits(轻轻地掠过 )from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plat
36、e,“ Brown says. “As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business(not sending photos or playing Far-mville)and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to t
37、he next task. That way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.“ F)Talk to your manager. “Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them(that theyre no longer important). There are usuall
38、y clear priorities in the managers head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee,“ says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significan
39、t things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.“ Green says manage
40、rs should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and arent just complaining about their workload. G)Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,“ says Eileen Roth, author of
41、 Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says Youve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you.“ Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exempl
42、ifies Roths point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,“ he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more w
43、ork done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,“ he says. H)Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you,“ Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson sugge
44、sts asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned(使一致 )with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other
45、 pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the other party have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no? I)Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and ag
46、ain. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. 47 Taking time to tidy up work areas will maximize your efficiencies. 48 Deborah Chaddock Brown finds she is overwhelmed trying to make a balance between business and housework. 49 There are many useful methods of preventing people from fee
47、ling overwhelmed by workload. 50 To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended. 51 Davidson says, today s paradox is the more one does, the more he is expected to do. 52 Focusing on one single thing will make your tasks appear more possible
48、 to be done. 53 In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions is suggested in combating interruptions. 54 Rudy said, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task. 55 When something can be disposed, let it go, c
49、onsidering most of what you retain is replaceable in reality. 56 If employees have a can-do attitude and do not complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first. Section C 56 Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded onto the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environme
