1、大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 The dancers stand motionless at their positio
2、n and the room grows silent. But as the music starts, they began to move, bending, turning and waving their fans gracefully as they perform a traditional Japanese dance. Yoshihiro Kuroki watches in silence, occasionally making notes. But as the dance ends, he beams with happiness. The performance ha
3、s been flawless. There have been many performances of traditional Japanese dances over the centuries, but this one is unique, because it is performed not by human dancers but by robots. And the performance takes place not in a dance studio but in a laboratory of Sony Corp.s Entertainment Robot Co. i
4、n Shinagawa, Japan, where Kuroki is general manager. He is the mastermind behind a series of even more capable humanoid entertainment robots, starting with the Sony Dream Robot, or SDR, in 1997, up to the current QRIO in 2003. These delightful machines are only 58 cm tall, about the size of a newbor
5、n infant, weigh about 7 kg, and move with 38 degrees of freedom, each with its own servomotor (辅助马达 ). QRIOs predecessor, the SDR4X, announced in 2002, can walk, dance, sing, speak, recognize faces, and understand continuous speech. Each robot has two charge-coupled-device cameras to detect color an
6、d position and can locate a colored ball, move toward it, and kick it into a goal. It also has contact sensors in several joints to avoid pinching real human fingers. Seeing the robot perform, it is difficult to remember that there is no sentience (知觉 ) behind those glass eyes. 1 Which of the follow
7、ing is the most suitable title of this passage? （ A） New Entertainment Robots Produced in Japan. （ B） QRIO the Robot Dancers. （ C） Robots Mans Best Friends. （ D） An Extraordinary Performance in Sonys Lab. 2 Yoshihiro Kuroki _. （ A） is excited when the robots are performing a traditional Japanese dan
8、ce （ B） keeps silent because he is a little unsatisfied with the new product （ C） witnesses the creation of a series of entertainment robots （ D） is an executive manager of Sony Corp. 3 Which aspect of the robots is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） The vividness of their motion. （ B） Their pleasan
9、t appearance. （ C） Their smart designing principles. （ D） Their communicative ability. 4 The Sony Dream Robot was _. （ A） the first human-like entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp. （ B） as capable as the QRIO of speaking, dancing, singing and walking （ C） largest among all the entertainmen
10、t robots developed by the Sony Corp. （ D） the first entertainment robot sold at the market by the Sony Corp. 5 The robots can locate colored balls by means of_. （ A） a charge-coupled device （ B） two cameras （ C） two contact sensors （ D） a digital detector 5 Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale
11、, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese (肥胖的 ); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too,
12、 as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab (松弛 ). Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual
13、meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the worlds most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this isla
14、nd were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese. This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl (面颊 ). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indones
15、ia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat. The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultur
16、al factors to contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form of hospitality. Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem could exist in their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spe
17、nd resources on promoting diet and exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back. 6 The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that_. （ A） many Americans are obses
18、sed with the rising temperature in their bathroom （ B） more people are overweighed in the United States （ C） people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scales （ D） youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities 7 As physical exercise declines and diet expands,_. （ A）
19、 other western countries has been defeated by fat （ B） obesity has become an epidemic (流行病 ) of the rich world （ C） waistbands begin to be popular in other western countries （ D） western countries can no longer fight against obesity 8 Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands? （ A
20、） The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now. （ B） Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too. （ C） Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage. （ D） The problem of overweight emerges very fast. 9 Of tackling obesity in the poor
21、world, we can learn from the passage that_. （ A） the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacity （ B） no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleak （ C） it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solved （ D） we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable 10 Wha
22、t is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling. （ B） The weights increase fast throughout the whole world. （ C） Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world. （ D） Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world. 10 It happens
23、to every medical student sooner or later. You get a cough that persists for a while. Ordinarily, you would just ignore it but now armed with your rapidly growing medical knowledge, you cant help worrying. The cough could mean just a cold, but it could also be a sign of lung cancer. For doctors in tr
24、aining, nurses and medical journalists, hypochondria is an occupational danger. The feeling usually passes after a while, leaving only a funny story to tell at a dinner party. But for the tens of thousands who suffer from true hypochondria they live in constant terror that they are dying of some awf
25、ul disease, or even several awful diseases at once. Doctors can assure them that theres nothing wrong, but since the cough is real, the assurances fall on deaf ears. And because no physician or test can offer a 100% guarantee that one doesnt have cancer, a hypochondriac always has fuel to feed his o
26、r her worst fears. Hypochondriacs dont harm just themselves; they block the whole healthcare system. Although they account for only about 6% of the patients who visit doctors every year, they tend to burden their physicians with frequent visits that take up excessive amounts of time. And the problem
27、 may be worse, thanks to the popularity of medical information on the Internet. They go on the Web and learn about new diseases and new presentations of old diseases that they never even knew about before. Doctors have taken to calling this phenomenon cyberchondria (网络疑病症 ). 11 According to the pass
28、age, if you suffer from hypochondria, _. （ A） you must be a medical student, or a medical worker （ B） you are haunted by a possibly inexistent disease （ C） you will never get rid of this disease （ D） you always tell funny stories at dinner parties 12 Which of the following best summarizes the main i
29、dea of the passage? （ A） Hypochondria happens to everybody sooner or later. （ B） We neednt worry about hypochondria since it is not dangerous at all. （ C） Hypochondria originates from too much knowledge of medicine. （ D） Not only individuals but also the healthcare system might be disturbed by unnec
30、essary terrors. 13 Why cant doctors convince the sufferers that there is nothing wrong? （ A） Because the doctors cant cure the minor diseases. （ B） Because the doctors dont assure them of that. （ C） Because the sufferers are deaf and cannot hear what the doctors say. （ D） Because lack of absolute gu
31、arantee makes the patients doubtful. 14 The problem becomes worse due to _. （ A） the increasing number of patients （ B） the widespread medical knowledge on the Internet （ C） the patients regular visits to doctors that occupy too much time （ D） new diseases and symptoms emerge constantly 15 What does
32、 the author most probably think about hypochondria? （ A） The author considers that hypochondria is an incurable disease. （ B） The author thinks that the consequences of hypochondria might be disastrous. （ C） The author suggests that the patients who have hypochondria should set their hearts at rest.
33、 （ D） The author sympathizes with the patients who suffer from hypochondria. 15 Of all the components of a good nights sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud stated that dreams wer
34、e the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists (神经学家 ) had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise“. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain stops thinking logically. An
35、d one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “Its your dream,“ says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicagos Medical Center. “If you dont like it, change
36、it.“ The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwrights clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. (In studyin
37、g divorced couples, Cartwright has found that those who dont follow this dream progression have a much harder time getting over the hurt.) Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we dont always think about the emotional significance of the days events until, it appears, we begin to dr
38、eam. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over repeated bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Imagine how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just en
39、ough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, theres probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or we wake up in a panic. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general fe
40、elings of insecurity have increased peoples anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, sleep or rather dream on it and youll feel better in the morning. 16 By saying that “dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat,“ (Lines 4-5,
41、Para. 1) the researchers mean that _. （ A） we can think logically in the dreams too （ B） dreams can be brought under conscious control （ C） dreams represent our unconscious desires and fears （ D） dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stable 17 What did Cartwright find in her clinic? （ A） Mo
42、st bad dreams were followed by happier ones. （ B） Divorced couples usually have more bad dreams. （ C） Ones dreaming process is related to his emotion. （ D） People having negative feelings dream more often. 18 Cartwright believed with much practice, we can learn to_. （ A） control what dreams to dream
43、 （ B） sleep well without any dreams （ C） wake up in time to stop the bad dreams （ D） identify what is upsetting about the dreams 19 The author points out that a person who has constant bad dreams should_. （ A） learn to control his dreams （ B） consult a doctor （ C） sleep and dream on it （ D） get rid
44、of anxiety first 20 The author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is _. （ A） a good practice （ B） a new discovery （ C） helpful for everyone （ D） not essential for everyone 大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 10答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some qu
45、estions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。标题需要既全面又突出地概括文章的主题。本文先是描述 “舞蹈演员 ”，然后揭晓这是些 “机器人 ”(第 2段第 1句 )，接着对 Sony公司的一些机器人产品进行详细介绍。选项 A比较全面地概括了文章内容。选项 B、 D只是涉及 细节，不能全面地概括本文的内容。而
46、C又过于笼统，不具有针对性。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实细节题。选项 C符合第 2段最后一句 “He is the mastermind behind a series of robots” 。仔细阅读有关的细节信息会发现，第 1段第 3句可帮助否定选项 A。第 1段最后两句可帮助否定选项 B。另外。根据第 2段倒数第2句可否定选项 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实细节题。全文分四段，分别讨论 机器人三方面的特点：第 1段和第 2段描述机器人舞蹈演员栩栩如生的表演，即选项 A；第 3段描写它们的外表，即选项 B；第 4段介绍它
47、们巧妙的设计，即选项 C；只有选项 D是没有提到的，故为答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 推理判断题。该句中的分词结构 “starting with” 表明 the Sony Dream Robot是第一个人形娱乐机器人，因此选项 A正确。文章在最后一段的第1句提到两种能说话、跳舞的机器人，但没有提到 SDR是否和它们一样，由此可否定选项 B。在第 3段讨论 机器人大小的时候也没有提到 SDR体型最大，因此选项 C不正确。选项 D在文中没有讨论到。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实细节题。该句中 “twocameras to” 的结构表
48、明这两个摄像头可以用于定位，所以选项 B正确。选项 A在该句中也有提到，但它只是摄像机的工作机制，而不是用于定位的装置。选项 C在下一句提到，但与题干提到的定位功能无关。选项 D在文中并未提及。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推理判断 题。根据第 1段第 2句可推断第 1句中的 the number是指体重增加的人数，故答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推理判断题。本题需要正确理解借代修饰手法。 Waistbands have been popping形象刻画出其他西方社会急剧肥胖化的过程，故答案为 B。本题很明
49、显是考查因果关系的，第 1段倒数第 2句明确指出这个因果关系，只要根据该句做出选择就可以了。如果看得过远，反而有可能误选 A或 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解 析】 事实细节题。此处的例子是证明前一句话的，即 But后面的内容。同时，两个年份的比较也突出问题发展的迅猛，从而印证下一段的主题句 “This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast ”说明了贫穷与肥胖是并存的。例子一般是用来证明紧挨着的前面或后面的论述，此处证明的观点在之前，其中的重点应该是 But后面的内容，所以选项 A与文中意思不符。注意本题要选的是NOT the point of the example。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正 确答案】 D 【试题解析】 观点态度题。文章最后一句扭转了整段的基调。作者呼吁解决这一问题，前文正是为此作铺垫，突出问题的复杂性和时间的紧迫性。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。本文话题为 obesity，作者从美国谈到所有西方国家，最后重点讨论
