1、大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 New technology links the world as never befor
2、e. Our planet has shrunk. Its now a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills. Deeply involved with this new technology i
3、s a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The execut
4、ive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.“ He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignm
5、ent overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的 ). Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business
6、 applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isnt generally required to get a job in busine
7、ss, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move m
8、ore slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm. 1 What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communications equipment? （ A） Critical. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Prejudiced. （ D） Positive. 2
9、 With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people_. （ A） have to get familiar with modern technology （ B） are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations （ C） are attaching more importance to their overseas business （ D） are eager to work overseas 3 In this p
10、assage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Line 2, Para. 3) probably means _. （ A） being unable to think properly for lack of insight （ B） being totally out of touch with business at home （ C） missing opportunities for promotion when abroad （ D） leaving all care and worry behind 4 According to the pass
11、age, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today? （ A） Connections with businesses overseas. （ B） Ability to speak the clients language. （ C） Technical know-how. （ D） Business experience. 5 The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is th
12、at they can _. （ A） better control the whole negotiation process （ B） easily find new approaches to meet market needs （ C） fast-forward their proposals to headquarters （ D） easily make friends with businesspeople abroad 5 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of
13、 the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivans Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane (飓风 ) Hugo 10 years ago. In Sept
14、ember 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolinas shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasnt strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the
15、 cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugos wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivans Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sul
16、livans Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼 ) “ at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The houses wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house fro
17、m hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the
18、surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,“ said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the houses ground-to-roof shell. “The shell masks th
19、e pilings so that the house doesnt look like its standing with its pant legs pulled up,“ said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained. 6 After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South
20、Carolinas shore line are required _. （ A） to be easily reinforced （ B） to look smarter in design （ C） to meet stricter building standards （ D） to be designed in the shape of cubes 7 The award-winning beach house is quite strong because _. （ A） it is strengthened by steel rods （ B） it is made of redw
21、ood （ C） it is in the shape of a shell （ D） it is built with timber and concrete 8 Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to_. （ A） withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr （ B） anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand （ C） break huge sea waves into smaller ones （
22、D） prevent water from rushing into the house 9 The main function of the shell is_. （ A） to strengthen the pilings of the house （ B） to give the house a better appearance （ C） to protect the wooden frame of the house （ D） to slow down the speed of the swelling water 10 It can be inferred from the pas
23、sage that the shell should be _. （ A） fancy-looking （ B） waterproof （ C） easily breakable （ D） extremely strong 10 Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的 ) sense we share it with all the primates (灵长类动物 ) and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far as
24、the reptiles (爬行动物 ). There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life style of the animal, and that predators (食肉动物 ) are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep
25、, the animal is powerfully immobilized (使 固定不动 ) and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among prey today seems clearly
26、 to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilization ever have evolved? Perhaps
27、 one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rattier than increasing an animals vulnerability, Ray Meddis of
28、 London University has suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals that are too stupid to be quite on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an
29、 interesting notion and probably at least partly true. 11 Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? （ A） Evolution of Animals Sleep. （ B） Two Types of Sleep. （ C） The Original Function of Animals Sleep. （ D） Animals and Sleep. 12 Predators are _. （ A） able to prey even when th
30、ey are in deep dream sleep （ B） more likely to experience dream sleep （ C） incapable of preying when immobilized by dreamless sleep （ D） good at preying on stupid animals 13 The example of dogs and cats in the second paragraph is intended to_. （ A） explain which animals are mammals （ B） show the dif
31、ferences between mammals （ C） illustrate how shallow dreamless sleep is （ D） reveal how smart they are 14 Compare with dreamless sleep, deep dream sleep is_. （ A） not the result of natural selection （ B） less likely to appear to primates （ C） more protective to the animals （ D） at a higher stage of
32、evolution 15 According to some scientists research findings, dolphins seldom sleep because_. （ A） of their stupidity （ B） of their vulnerability （ C） there are possible dangers in the ocean （ D） aquatic mammals do not need sleep 15 Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only t
33、o turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回声定位 ) in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly practical role. To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyone knows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, a
34、n echo will come back. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps and the receipt of the echoes the depth o
35、f the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step from locating the sea b
36、ottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved equipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo. A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱声 ) and by receiving the
37、 echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar. 16 The main purpose of this passage is to _. （ A） describe that animals can make different sounds （ B） prove
38、that animals voices can play practical roles （ C） inspire the readers to make more inventions （ D） startle the readers with some shocking facts 17 The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） measuring the depth of the sea （ B） distinguishing different kinds of fish
39、 （ C） bringing the invention of radar （ D） varying the size and nature of an object 18 By saying “A shoal of fish will do this “(Line 7, Para. 2), the author means_. （ A） only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds （ B） only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship （ C） a larg
40、e group of fish can reflect sounds （ D） a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship 19 As is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally compared with_. （ A） human languages （ B） a mountainside （ C） a shoal of fish （ D） taps on a ship 20 Which of the following state
41、ments can be inferred from the passage? （ A） Animals are more intelligent than humans. （ B） Humans are more intelligent than animals. （ C） Animals are often compared with human inventions. （ D） Humans are often inspired by animals. 大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 13答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in
42、 this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实辨认题。题目询问的是作者对于高科技通讯设备的态度是什么。根据文章的第 1段特别是最后一句中的 benefit，可推断作者是持肯 定态度的，即答案为 D。 【知识模块】 阅读
43、 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实辨认题。根据第 2段第 1句中的 who have a growing respectabroad 可看出，随着高科技通讯设备的广泛使用，商人们越来越重视海外商务的经济价值， C与之一致。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 语义推断题。根据第 3段第 2、 3句中说的 “他确信国外的事务对公司的成功计划至关重要，派往国外时或之后常能得到升迁。 ”可知在海外的管理人员不再会担心被遗忘而错过 升职机会，因此 “眼不见，心不念 ”即为 C“在国外时错过国内升职机会 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实辨认题
44、。题目询问的是根据短文，当今在雇佣雇员时，国际化的公司应该着重考虑什么。这是第 5段的话题其中核心词是 language，只有B“会说顾客的语言 ”符合。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 事实辨认题。题目询问的是具有外语能力的雇员的优势究竟是什么。根据最后一段第 1句可知， “派往国外的雇员若能讲该国的主要语言，就有机会加快谈 判进程，而且能知道什么时候最好放慢节拍。 ”A“(具有外语能力的雇员的优势就是他们可以 )更好地控制整个谈判的过程 ”与之一致，故为答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据题目中的专有名词 Hugo
45、查找到文中第 3段第 2句。句中的 ln Hugos wake相当于题目中的 after Hugo，由该句是的 stricter， better-enforced codes可知 C正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第 4段开始具体介绍 the house，根据该段最后一句可知，这幢房子的木制结构用长钢筋加固了，因而特别结实，故选 A。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据题干的数字可迅速定位至第 5段首，第 2、 3句阐述这样做的目的是 “将房屋抬高到暴风雨巨浪之上，及让巨浪能在屋下流过。其中 running into it与 D中的 r
46、ushing into the houes同义，故 D正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 最后一段第 2句提出，外壳可以把木 桩遮盖住，所以它主要起 “粉饰 ”作用。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据最后一句可知，如果暴风雨巨浪涌来，外壳就会裂开，让巨浪在房屋下面奔涌而过，因此外壳应该是 “易碎的 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本文三段虽然讨论的内容各有侧重，但是都谈到了睡眠在各种动物中的差异以及发展的历史，具体用词如下：第 1段第 1句中的 ancient，最后一句中的 exten
47、d back；第 2段最后一句中的 evolved；第 3段第 1句中的 original function。 A比较准确地归纳了本文大意。 B只是概括了第 2段的内容； C只提及第 3段的论述内容； D似乎涵盖了三段内容，但是过于宽泛，不够具体。 【知识模块】 阅读 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据第 2段第 1句第 4个分句可知应选 B。 A的内容与该段第 2句相悖； C时 dreamless sleep应为 dream sleep。 D的内容文中没有涉及。 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 这个例子是为了证明无梦睡眠比较 浅，即第 2第 3句的前半句，所
48、以选 C比较合适。所有例子都是为之前或之后的话提供例证，因此。作者使用例子的目的可以从该例子之前或之后的一句话找到。本题中，猫和狗的例子是为了说明其前面的一句话其他选项与此无关，均可排除。 【知识模块】 阅读 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据第 2段倒数第 3句及末句，可以推断与无梦睡眠相比，深睡不动处于更高的进化阶段。文中虽有提及无梦睡眠对于被捕食动物来说是一种自然选择，但并不意味着深睡不动不是自然选择，因此 A不正确；该句也提到 “笨拙的动物与敏捷的动物相比 ，更少有深睡不动的时候 ”， primates属于 smart ones，因此更有可能深睡不动， B与此相悖；文中暗示无梦
49、睡眠使低级动物更警觉，从而起到一定的保护作用， C正好与这种理解相反因此也不正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 最后一段第 2句解释了第 1句中所说的 “海豚等睡眠少 ”的原因， C比较确切地反映了文章内容。 A、 B、 D三项都与最后一段开头两句表达的意思无关。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 主 旨大意题。文章第 1段就点明主题，明确指出以蝙蝠为例，动物发出的声音有实际作用，只有 B可以概括文章的这个写作目的。 【知识模块】 阅读 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实细节题。本题考查列举处，可用排除法解答。 A、 B、 C在文中都有相关提及。 D利用第 2段中的 varying制造干扰。在原文中，指的是回声因障碍物的不同而不同，而 D偷换概念、曲解文意， D中的 varying为及物动词意为 “改变 ”，显然不可能是回声定位的发现带来的功效。 【知识模块】 阅读 18 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词义推断题。本题考查对 shoal的词义推测及代词 this的理
