1、大学英语四级（阅读）练习试卷 5及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 Cheating is nothing new. But today, education
2、and administrations are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent- and are less likely to be punished-than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike. Why is student cheating on the rise? No one rea
3、lly knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among todays youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that todays youth are far more pragmatic(实际的 ) than their idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled wi
4、th visions about changing the world, todays students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating bad become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not
5、 respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People are competitive,“ said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. “Theres an underlying fear. If you dont do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from
6、 parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. Its almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.“ Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to
7、 take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,“ Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than ess
8、ay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize information, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individ
9、uals whos doing it,“ he said. “Thats too easy an answer. Weve got to start looking at the system.“ 1 Educators are finding that students who cheat _. （ A） have poor academic records （ B） use the information in late years （ C） are more likely to be punished than before （ D） can be academically weak o
10、r strong 2 According to the passage, which of the following statements is tree? （ A） Punishment is an effective method of stopping cheating. （ B） A change in the educational system will eliminate the need to cheat. （ C） Students do not cheat on essay tests. （ D） The problem of student cheating has i
11、ts roots in deeper problems. 3 Which of the following statements reflects information in the passage? （ A） The student who cheats must be at fault because the system is correct. （ B） The 1960s vision of changing the world led students to conform. （ C） Punishment for cheaters has always been severe i
12、n this country. （ D） The educational system and its administrators are partly to blame for the rise in the cheating. 4 The phrase “the individuals“ in Line 9, Para.3 refers to “_“. （ A） teachers who are too hesitant to take actions against cheating （ B） students who practice cheating （ C） parents wh
13、o put pressure on their children （ D） school administrators who approve of short-answer tests 5 The author probably would agree with the point of view that _. （ A） parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheating （ B） the educational system is sound, and students must follow e
14、very rule （ C） the educational system in this country would benefit from a thorough evaluation （ D） students who cheat should be expelled from school 5 Time and how we experience it have puzzled physicists who have created fascinating theories. But their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆 ) and is n
15、ot psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a girl for two hours, it seems like a minute, but when you sit on hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.“ Psychologists have noticed that larger u
16、nits of time. such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedule and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the beach. Since most of us spend fewer days at the beach and more at the office, an increa
17、se in structured time could well be to blame why time seems to speed up as we grow older. Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere weve never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real notion
18、of when well arrive, we experience the trip as lasting a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine. Thus taking a different route on occasions can often help slow the clock. When days become as identic
19、al as beads(珠子 ) on a string, they blend together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-to stop time, so to speak. Learning something new is another way to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seem
20、 so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. 6 The purpose of this passage is to _. （ A） show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time （ B） state the principles of time （ C） describe various notions about time （ D） explain why time flies and how to slow
21、it down 7 The quotation in the first paragraph is used to indicate that _. （ A） physical time and psychological time are quite different （ B） with little regard of a clock or calendar, psychological time is quite puzzling （ C） time should not be measured by a pendulum （ D） physical theory has nothin
22、g to do with the true sense of time 8 According to the passage, when people live an identical and routine life, time seems to _. （ A） stop （ B） speed up （ C） stow down （ D） be in a psychological sense 9 What makes time seem to flow more rapidly? （ A） An excursion to an unfamiliar place. （ B） Office
23、work structured with schedules. （ C） Life of a businessman filled with new appointments. （ D） The learning of something difficult and interesting. 10 The word “novelty“ (Line 5, Para. 4 ) means _. （ A） unfamiliarity （ B） amusement （ C） excitement （ D） distinction 大学英语四级（阅读）练习试卷 5答案与解析 Section B Dire
24、ctions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第一段最后一句提到，学习差和学习好的学生都会作弊， D是对该句话的同义转述，所以选 D。 A、 B在原
25、文没有提及。第一段第二句指出，作弊的学生比以前更少受到惩罚 (less likely to be punished)， C项与此意相反。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第二段前两句指出，作弊现象严重的原因目前尚无定论。后文进一步分析，并给出了两种可能的原因。由此可知学生作弊的原因很复杂， 所以 D是正确的。文章第三段只是提到学生作弊很可能是因为教育体制不合理，但并没有说教育体制的变化就一定能消除作弊现象，所以 B是错的。 C的表达过于绝对， A在文中没有提及。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第三段中 Edward Wy
26、nne认为学校应该对学生的作弊现象负责，而管理人员却没有采取果断措施； Dwight Huber则认为教育体制是问题的根源。 D正好符合以上两个人的观点。 Dwight Huber认为教育体制是不合理的，所以 A不正确；根据第二段第五句可以排 除 B；根据文章第一段第二句可以排除 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。 the individuals出现在文章的倒数第三句，是 Dwight Huber所说的话。这句话的意思是 “作弊的概念是建立在一种错误的假设上的：教育体制是正确的，而那些作弊的人是不对的 ”。由此可知 the individuals是指作弊的人
27、，所以 B正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 推理题。原文最后一段提到，教育制度存在问题，需要重新审视，因此 C为 作者的观点，而 B项中的 “教育制度健全 ”与原文不符合，而 A、 D两项的表述过于绝对。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理题。文章首先指出人在心理上感受的时间与客观上的时间是不一样的。之后列举了令人感觉时光飞逝的原因，最后作者介绍了怎样可以使人感觉时间过得不那么快。 B和 C在文章开头部分提到，但不全面； A文中没有涉及。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第一段后半部
28、分举例说：和一位漂亮姑娘一起坐两小时，你感觉似乎才过了一分钟；但坐在一个热火炉上，你却感觉一分钟是两个小时。从这个例子可以看出，作者想告诉我们心理时间和客观上的时间是有差异的。干扰项 C中提到的 time概念过于宽泛，应该确切地指出是 physical time。选项 D观点太绝对，而选项 B文中没有涉及。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第三段第一句 the more time is structured with schedule and appointments， the more rapidly it seems to pass(日程安排得越紧凑，约
29、会越多，人们就感觉时间过得越快 )，意思和 B很接近，故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第三段第一句 the more time is structured with schedule and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass，因此选 B，同时排除 C。根据文章最后一段第一句： Learning something new is another way to slow the passage of time(学习新东西是使时间变慢的另一种方法 )，可以排除 A和 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 语义题。第四段举了个例子：当你去了个不熟悉的、没去过的地方时，你似乎觉得旅途花了很长时间；但当你原路返回的时候，车外不熟悉的景物已经变得熟悉起来了，你就觉得一会儿就到了。因此 novelty的意思应该和 routine相反，即 “不熟悉 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读
