1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there s a big difference between “being a writer“ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of weal
3、th and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. “ You ve got to want to write,“ I say to them, “ not want to be a writer. “ The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When
4、 I left a 20-year career in the U. S. Coast Guard to become a freelance(自由栏目 )writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewrit
5、er and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn t going to be one of those people who die w
6、ondering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. 1 The passage is meant to_. （ A） warn young people of the hardships that a successful write
7、r has to experience （ B） advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer （ C） show young people its unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame （ D） encourage young people to pursue a writing career 2 What can be concluded from the passage? （ A） Genuine writers oft
8、en find their work interesting and rewarding. （ B） A writer s success depends on luck rather than on efforts. （ C） Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation. （ D） The chances for writers to become successful are small. 3 Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of hi
9、s writing career? （ A） He wasn t able to produce a single book. （ B） He hadn t seen a change for the better. （ C） He wasnt able to have a rest for a whole year. （ D） He thought that he lacked imagination. 4 “.people who die wondering: What if?“(Line 3, Para 3)refers to “those_“. （ A） who think too m
10、uch of the dark side of life （ B） who regret giving up their career halfway （ C） who think a lot without making a decision （ D） who are full of imagination even upon death 5 “Shadowland“ in the last sentence refers to_. （ A） the wonderland one often dreams about （ B） the bright future that one is lo
11、oking forward to （ C） the state of uncertainty before one s final goal is reached （ D） a world that exists only in one s imagination 5 Every chance she gets, five-year-old Gina visits Grandma Lilly. Gina likes to talk with her grandma and watch her cook. Everything Grandma Lilly makes is delicious,
12、but Gina especially loves the little cookies shaped like teddy bears, dolls, flowers, and hearts. And Grandma Lilly, who enjoys this precious time with her granddaughter, uses the cookies to teach Gina certain things she will need to know as she grows up by helping her to develop the five senses and
13、 her imagination. Perhaps the most important lesson Grandma Lilly teaches Gina is that most of the foods and the cookies she prepares taste so delicious because they are made with love. One day Gina s mother tells her she cannot visit Grandma Lilly because she has become very sick and is in the hosp
14、ital. Gina begs and cries, but her mother explains that Grandma Lilly is so ill that she is in a very deep sleep and needs her rest. Gina tries to think of something that will help her grandmother and suddenly remembers the cookies. She will bake a batch of them all by herself, and because she will
15、make them with all the love she has in her heart, Grandma Lilly will feel better! Touched by her daughter s love and determination, Gina s mother finally agrees to take her to the hospital with her cookies to visit her grandmother. There, Grandma Lilly teaches her little granddaughter another lesson
16、 about love that she will be able to pass on to her own children and grandchildren in the years to come. 6 Which of the following is not mentioned as a reason why Gina visits Grandma Lilly whenever she can? （ A） She likes to talk with Grandma. （ B） She likes to watch Grandma cook. （ C） She loves the
17、 delicious cookies Grandma cooks. （ D） She loves the flowers in Grandma s garden. 7 The delicious cookies are used by the Grandma to_. （ A） teach Gina something about teddy bears, dolls and flowers （ B） help Gina develop the five senses and imagination （ C） make Gina well fed （ D） teach Gina how to
18、prepare and cook delicious food 8 One day, Gina is told that she cannot visit her Grandma Lilly because_. （ A） Grandma is busy preparing for cooking more cookies （ B） Gina cannot make Grandma feel better （ C） Gina needs more sleep and rest （ D） Grandma is not very well and is in hospital 9 Gina s mo
19、ther finally agrees to take Gina to visit the Grandma because she is moved by Gina s （ A） love （ B） begs （ C） cries （ D） cookies 10 The theme of this passage is_. （ A） the relationship with grandma and granddaughter （ B） cooking delicious food （ C） love （ D） visiting grandma 10 Salt is as necessary
20、to life as water. In many areas of Africa people once drank the urine(尿 )of animals because they had no other source of salt. Without salt, human beings die. The human body demands that the amount of salt in the blood always stay the same. When the body does not get enough salt, it protects itself b
21、y letting less salt leave the body in urine and sweat. But it cannot reduce this output to zero. Some salt is always escaping. On a completely saltless diet, like that of some people in Africa, the body steadily loses small amounts of salt through the kidneys(肾 )and sweat glands(腺 ). It then tries t
22、o adjust to this loss by speeding up its secretion(分泌 )of water. In this way, the body attempts to keep the amount of salt in the blood at the necessary level. The result is a slow drying up of body and, finally, death. The person dies of thirst. In cases where there is little or no water to drink,
23、the body tries to do the opposite thing. Again, it must keep the salt level in the blood constant. Because it has little water, it attempts to stop water from leaving the body and to increase its secretion of salt. But, as with the escaping salt, it cannot be completely successful. Some water still
24、leaves and the person eventually dies of thirst. In short, the body s normal needs for salt and for water are both parts of the same important need to keep the salt level in the blood constant. 11 Some African people once drank animal urine_. （ A） when they were going to die （ B） because they were t
25、hirsty （ C） because there was little salt （ D） because they were short of water 12 In order to adjust to the loss of salt, the body_. （ A） loses some blood （ B） speeds up its secretion of water （ C） speeds up its secretion of salt （ D） is drying up slowly 13 Which of the following statements is NOT
26、the result of a lack of salt in the body? （ A） The body secretes more water. （ B） The body dries up. （ C） The person dies of thirst. （ D） The person gets fatter. 14 What does the word “constant“(Line 2, Para. 3)mean in the passage? （ A） The same. （ B） Amount. （ C） Going up and down. （ D） Changing. 1
27、5 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Salt is very important. （ B） If their blood salt level is not constant, human beings may die. （ C） The amount of salt in the body is secreted. （ D） People can die of thirst. 15 Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather, such as torre
28、ntial rains and severe thunderstorms, begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Conventional(传统的 )computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms because the available weather
29、 data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to see clearly the small atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at location typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such lim
30、ited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events. Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “nowcasts“ , was impracticab
31、le. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were beyond overcoming. Fortunately, scientific and technological advance have overc
32、ome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communication satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and immediately, and modern com
33、puters can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists(气象学家 )and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters ca
34、n interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality. 16 What is the best title of the passage? （ A） Severe Thunderstorms and Damages. （ B） Weather Forecasting and Life-threatening. （ C） Science Adv
35、ances and Nowcasts. （ D） Available Data and Nowcasts. 17 Nowcasts are_. （ A） local forecasts （ B） short-range forecasts （ C） medium-range forecasts （ D） long-range forecasts 18 Nowcasts used to be impracticable because_. （ A） there were no conventional computers （ B） the cost of the equipping and op
36、erating was sky-high （ C） there were no difficulties in data processing （ D） there were not enough meteorologists 19 Things have been changed by the following EXCEPT_. （ A） the use of radar systems and automated weather instruments （ B） the use of communication satellites and modern computers （ C） t
37、he joint work of meteorologists and computer scientists （ D） weather information volume is large enough to compile and analyze 20 The dream of nowcasts will come true when_. （ A） the cost is lowered （ B） people need it to reduce damages （ C） meteorologists can make full use of the new technologies （
38、 D） conventional weather forecasts are got rid of 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding
39、letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 The tremendous heat at a star s core,_ tremendous gravity, joins the nuclei of hydrogen atoms. （ A） combined with （ B） having combined with （ C） combining with （ D） being combined to 22 _in all parts of the state, pines are the mos
40、t common trees in Georgia. （ A） Found （ B） Finding them （ C） To find them （ D） Find them 23 Im not_ about my clothes; I don t mind what I wear. （ A） particular （ B） special （ C） specific （ D） especial 24 Many children were_by their parents as they are the only child in their family. （ A） spoiled （ B
41、） damaged （ C） hurt （ D） destroyed 25 Many people believe that the building should be_into a school. （ A） changed （ B） altered （ C） varied （ D） converted 26 This statement is not_with what you said at yesterday s meeting. （ A） constant （ B） consistent （ C） continual （ D） continuous 27 It is_going to
42、 Hangzhou as it is a beautiful place. （ A） worthless （ B） worthy （ C） worthwhile of （ D） worth 28 He_that he has got one of the two earliest British stamps but nobody believes him. （ A） acclaims （ B） claims （ C） exclaims （ D） proclaims 29 However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to
43、_some of the decline in the iron and steel industry. （ A） overturn （ B） overtake （ C） offset （ D） oppress 30 To assume the care for the pets can bring_the humanity in our children and even in us adults. （ A） about （ B） in （ C） out （ D） up 31 A mirror_a picture of you when you look in it. （ A） affect
44、s （ B） reacts （ C） reflects （ D） recognizes 32 The father lost his_just because his son fought again with others in school. （ A） mind （ B） mood （ C） passion （ D） temper 33 It is strange that he_so rude to you, though you did so much for him. （ A） should be （ B） should have been （ C） is （ D） was 34 P
45、lastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch, and their transformation _things that come into contact with human beings is entirely appropriate. （ A） of （ B） by （ C） into （ D） for 35 He tried to_with the shopkeeper for the watch. （ A） extend （ B） object （ C） bargain （ D） pause 36 To so
46、me_, Mary still does not agree with you. （ A） extend （ B） part （ C） extent （ D） content 37 Dont_this book. It may be used later. （ A） throw off （ B） throw down （ C） throw up （ D） throw away 38 The film_him of what he had seen in China. （ A） remembers （ B） recalls （ C） suggests （ D） reminds 39 _their
47、 suggestions, we will discuss them later. （ A） In regard to （ B） In regard for （ C） Regard as （ D） Regardless for 40 Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in_and lack of unity in style. （ A） conflict （ B） confrontation （ C） disturbance （ D） disharmony 41 The reas
48、on why I came late is_I missed the bus. （ A） why （ B） that （ C） as （ D） because 42 This watch is not worthy_ the gold belt. （ A） in （ B） at （ C） of （ D） with 43 The USA is composed of 50 states, _are separated from the others by land or water. （ A） two of these （ B） of whom two （ C） two of which （ D
49、） two of that 44 _, he knew a lot. （ A） As he was young （ B） Young as he was （ C） Young was he （ D） He was young 45 It was not long_the rain stopped and the bright sun came out again. （ A） that （ B） ago （ C） before （ D） until 46 Where is the man you talked about yesterday? Look! _. （ A） Here he comes （ B） Here comes he （ C） Here does he come （ D） Here is he coming 47 Th
