1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Economics is the study of how societies with limited resources decide what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. What, how, and for whom to produce are problems all over the world because human wants are practic
3、ally unlimited, but all societies have only limited quantities of resources that can be used to produce goods or services. A knowledge of basic economics is important for understanding both the problems and opportunities that will face the world economy in the 21st century. As a student of economics
4、, one will have the chance to discover how commerce, government policies, and day-to-day decisions made by consumers affect his living standards. The study of economics can help him understand the influence of such events as the move to free markets in Poland and Russia, or of ups and downs in inter
5、est rate and the foreign exchange rate. Economics is influenced by developments in the many different areas of business, politics, science, nature, religion and history. And whether or not one is aware of it, economics is an important part of his life. From a practical point of view, one s study of
6、economics will help improve his decision-making skills. He learns a logical way to compare different courses of action. As he studies the concept of opportunity cost, for instance, he will discover that every choice he makes has both a benefit and a cost. Suppose someone decides to get a part time j
7、ob so he can earn enough money to buy a car. He will have the benefit of owning the car, but he will pay a cost in terms of the leisure hours he gives up for working so as to pay for the car and keep it in good condition. After weighing his choice in cost-benefit terms, he may decide he does not nee
8、d a car any more. 1 According to the passage, economics is studied to_. （ A） get more resources for human beings （ B） put human wants under some control （ C） satisfy the unlimited human wants with the limited resources （ D） produce better goods and services for all human beings 2 Which of the follow
9、ing may NOT have much influence on economics? （ A） A particular religious belief. （ B） A firms decisions. （ C） Weather conditions. （ D） The study of literature. 3 Economics can help one make better decisions because he learns_. （ A） how to weigh the cost and the benefit （ B） all the practical econom
10、ic theories （ C） something useful about business （ D） logical way of thinking 4 Why does the person have to give up leisure hours if he wants to own a private car? （ A） Because he has to spend some time in the car. （ B） Because he has to work extra hours to get the money. （ C） Because he is busy wor
11、king for his boss. （ D） Because keeping a car in good condition takes a lot of time. 5 What is the central topic of the second paragraph? （ A） Influences of economics. （ B） Importance of knowing economics. （ C） Applications of economics. （ D） Scope of economic studies. 5 Although the United States c
12、herishes the tradition that it is a nation of small towns and wide open spaces, only one in every eight Americans now lives on a farm. The recent population trend has been a double one, toward both urbanization and suburbanization. Metropolitan areas had grown explosively in the past decade, and nea
13、rly half this increase has been in the suburbs. With the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization. The flight of Americans from the central city to the suburbs constituted one of the greatest migrations of modern times; quiet residential sections outside cities have become cong
14、lomerations(密集 )of streets, split-level houses, and shopping centers. This spurt of suburban expansion, however, does not alter the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations on the face of the earth. Census(人口调查 )Bureau figures show that the rural population has been
15、 shrinking steadily since 1830. When the United States became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258,000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and the east north-central states, on the Pacific and Gulf coa
16、sts, and near the shores of the Great Lakes. Some sociologists now regard the entire 600-mile stretch between Boston and Washington D. C. an area holding a fifth of the country s population as one vast city or, as they call it, megalopolis. 6 A traditional American belief is that_. （ A） few people l
17、ive on farms （ B） the nation consists mainly of small towns and wide open spaces （ C） the population is the greatest in the world （ D） the United States is a nation of big cities 7 The selection says that trends are toward the_. （ A） growth of cities and shrinking of suburban areas （ B） growth of bo
18、th rural and suburban areas （ C） shrinking of urban and suburban areas （ D） growth of urban and suburban areas 8 Nearly half the increase in metropolitan population is accounted for by the_. （ A） growth of small towns （ B） migration to farm areas （ C） growth of the suburbs （ D） expansion of existing
19、 urban areas 9 The author implies that the modern suburb is_. （ A） quiet and residential （ B） very rural in character （ C） confused and overgrown （ D） much like a small town 10 Megalopolis is the sociologist s name for a_. （ A） suburban area around a city （ B） large city and its suburbs （ C） group o
20、f towns organized as a city （ D） group of cities blending to form one huge city 10 Though it is mere 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nations wealth. This class has two segments; upper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is th
21、e “old rich“ families that have been wealthy for several generations an aristocracy(贵族 )of birth and wealth. Their names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nation, such as the Rockefellers, Roosevelts, and Vanderbilts. Most are not
22、 visible to the general public. They live in grand seclusion(深居简出 ), drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast, the lower-upper class is the “new rich“. Although they may be wealthier than some of the old rich; the new rich have hustled(竭力地获得 )to make their mone
23、y like everybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to make their money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich. However its wealth is acquired, the upper class is very, very rich. They hav
24、e enough money and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, painting, and sculpture. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social clubs, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind all of which keeps them so distant from the masses
25、that they have been called the out-of-sight class. More than any other class, they tend to be conscious of being members of a class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and abroad, as they hold many top government positions, run the Council on foreign Relations, and cont
26、rol multinational corporations. The actions affect tne lives of millions. 11 All the following statements are true EXCEPT that_. （ A） the upper-upper class is of aristocratic origin （ B） the “old rich“ enjoy higher prestige than the “new rich“ （ C） the “old rich“ isolate themselves and lead a lonely
27、 life （ D） the upper class owns at least a quarter of the country s wealth 12 The “old rich“ get richer_. （ A） through the Social Register （ B） through their reputation （ C） by investing their inherited wealth （ D） by collecting paintings and sculptures 13 The reason why the “old rich“ look down upo
28、n the “new rich“ is that_. （ A） the former are wealthier than the latter （ B） the latter sweat themselves to make money （ C） the “new rich“ have no interest in arts （ D） the “old rich“ are conscious of being members of the upper class 14 The upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because_
29、. （ A） they keep away from the general public （ B） they spend most of their time abroad （ C） they dont communicate with any people （ D） they move frequently from place to place 15 We can learn from the passage that_. （ A） the upper class is powerful and influential （ B） the upper class collects rare
30、 books to make money （ C） the upper class holds all top government positions （ D） the “old rich“ makes much more money than the “old rich“ 15 Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count toward
31、s a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each seme
32、ster. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread to period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fac
33、t done as a regular practice. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded and available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity
34、in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating, has to appear
35、before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career. 16 Normally a student would at leas
36、t attend _classes each week. （ A） 36 （ B） 12 （ C） 20 （ D） 16 17 According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed _. （ A） to live in a different university （ B） to take a particular course in a different university （ C） to live at home and drive to classes （ D） to get two degrees from
37、two different universities 18 American university students are usually under pressure of work because _. （ A） their academic performance will affect their future careers （ B） they are heavily involved in student affairs （ C） they have to observe university discipline （ D） they want to run for positi
38、ons of authority 19 Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_. （ A） they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study （ B） they will then be able to stay longer in the university （ C） such positions help them get better jobs （ D） such positions a
39、re usually well paid 20 The student organizations seem to be effective in_. （ A） dealing with the academic affairs of the university （ B） ensuring that the students observe university regulations （ C） evaluating students performance by bringing them before a court （ D） keeping up the students enthus
40、iasm for social activities 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sh
41、eet with a single line through the center. 21 The_salary of the staff is about $50. （ A） usual （ B） average （ C） equal （ D） common 22 Many people have applied for the_position. （ A） empty （ B） bare （ C） vacant （ D） blank 23 He then _ overalls(工作服 )and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. （ A） ch
42、anged into （ B） exchanged for （ C） altered （ D） turned into 24 I ve already told you that I m going to buy it, _. （ A） however much it costs （ B） however does it costs much （ C） how much does it cost （ D） no matter how it costs 25 We do not permit_in the office, so we do not permit him_here. （ A） to
43、 smoke; to smoke （ B） smoking; to smoke （ C） smoking; smoking （ D） to smoke; smoking 26 Your explanation is clear and_. （ A） to the point （ B） at the point （ C） a case in point （ D） on the point 27 The present was given to me on the_of my birthday party. （ A） case （ B） time （ C） occasion （ D） situat
44、ion 28 The committee is_session; no one can enter the hall. （ A） on （ B） at （ C） in （ D） for 29 The news says : An airline _ kills more than 100 passengers. （ A） crash （ B） smash （ C） rash （ D） crush 30 What do you think of his motion that we_a play at the English evening? （ A） should put on （ B） sh
45、all put on （ C） would put on （ D） will have put on 31 As I am sure Jenny is very honest, I_that she stole the money. （ A） guess （ B） believe （ C） suspect （ D） doubt 32 You_read that article if you don t want to. （ A） havent （ B） cant （ C） mustnt （ D） neednt 33 Do what you think is right, _they say.
46、（ A） however （ B） whatever （ C） whichever （ D） if only 34 The size of the audience, _we had expected, was well over one thousand. （ A） whom （ B） who （ C） as （ D） that 35 I dont think you ve heard of him before, _? （ A） dont I （ B） do I （ C） have you （ D） haven t you 36 How_ will you finish your home
47、work? In half an hour. （ A） soon （ B） long （ C） often （ D） fast 37 There are many kinds of metals, _. （ A） each having its special properties （ B） having its special properties （ C） one has its special properties （ D） each has its special properties 38 Our society has changed and_in it. （ A） so the
48、people have （ B） the people have so （ C） so have the people （ D） have the people so 39 We re late. I expect the film_by the time we get to the cinema. （ A） had already started （ B） have already started （ C） will already have started （ D） have already been started 40 I always take it for granted that
49、 I am_intelligent than she is. （ A） very （ B） too （ C） far more （ D） far better 41 _for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. （ A） Had it not been （ B） Were it not （ C） Be it not （ D） Should it not be 42 How is it _ your roommates request and yours are identical? （ A） if （ B） that （ C） so （ D） what 43 H
