1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very
3、 young child or even an animal, such as a pigeon can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual di
4、fferent from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what is “a nice face“ looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. Rut if you were
5、asked to describe a nice person“, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, ieels, acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences
6、in people s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types people are described with such terms. People have always tried to “ type“ each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience
7、whether they played the villain s(if A)or the hero s role. In fact the words “person“ and “personality“ come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask“. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the good guy from the bad guy because the two types differ in appeara
8、nces as well as in actions. 1 By using the example of fingerprints, the author tells us that_. （ A） people can learn to recognize faces （ B） people have different personalities （ C） people have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints （ D） people differ from each other in facial feature
9、s 2 According to this passage, some animals have the gift of_. （ A） telling people apart by how they behave （ B） typing each other （ C） telling good people from bad people （ D） recognizing human faces 3 Who most probably knows best how to describe people s personality? （ A） The ancient Greek audienc
10、e. （ B） The movie actors. （ C） Psychologists. （ D） The modern TV audience. 4 According to the passage, it is possible for us to tell one type of person from another because_. （ A） people difler in their behavioral and physical characteristics （ B） human fingerprints provide unique information （ C） p
11、eoples behavior can be easily described in words （ D） human faces have complex features 5 Which of the following is the major point of the passage? （ A） Why it is necessary to identify peoples personality. （ B） Why it is possible to describe people. （ C） How to get to know people. （ D） How best to r
12、ecognize people. 5 Do you ever automatically say “God bless you“ when someone sneezes? Did you ever cross your fingers when making a wish? Most people who do these things never think about why they do them. They just do them. But there is a reason. Both acts are meant to insure good luck. They are l
13、ittle superstitions that have come down to us from an earlier time, when everybody believed in good and evil spirits. And even in our modern world, when men are traveling to the moon, we are still practicing some of these ancient habits in our daily lives. In ancient times, men believed that the sou
14、l lived in the head. Every time someone sneezed, he was risking the danger of dislodging that soul and blowing it out the nose into the outside world. So, as insurance against a lost soul, people would say “God bless you“ to be sure that God would catch the soul and return it to its rightful owner.
15、Some people today toss a bit of salt over their left shoulder if they happen to spill any at the dinner table. This practice once had a serious purpose. In an earlier time, men believed that evil spirits always stood on their left side and good spirits on the right. So any time they spilled some of
16、the precious stuff, they would throw a bit of it over their left shoulder to keep away the evil spirits. Since the evil spirits stood on the left, and the good spirits on the right, the right side was considered the lucky side of the body. Putting your best foot forward meant starting out on the luc
17、ky side, with your right foot first. That was a guarantee of good luck at whatever you were about to do. We still speak of “ putting your best foot forward,“ although we don t always start walking with the right foot. 6 The main idea of the passage is that_. （ A） people still believe in superstition
18、s （ B） there are reasons behind many superstitions （ C） people today don t have superstitions （ D） superstitions are foolish 7 Ancient men believed that the soul lived in the_. （ A） heart （ B） stomach （ C） head （ D） feet 8 Today, most people practice superstitions_. （ A） without realizing it （ B） be
19、cause it s part of their religion （ C） because superstitions have proven to be true （ D） because superstitions are amusing 9 According to superstition, evil spirits stood_. （ A） on the left of people （ B） behind people （ C） on the right of people （ D） in front of people 10 To make a wish come true,
20、you should_. （ A） say “God bless you“ （ B） fling salt over your shoulder （ C） put your best foot forward （ D） cross your fingers 10 In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs
21、 more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor. Ot
22、her experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedo
23、m of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting wi
24、th having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent doe
25、s more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps i
26、f we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them. 11 Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true? （ A） To make jobs more varied. （ B） To give the worker freedom to do his job
27、in his own way. （ C） Degree of work contribution. （ D） Demands for longer working hours. 12 Why workers want more money? （ A） Because their jobs are too boring. （ B） In order to enjoy more time. （ C） To make their jobs more interesting. （ D） To demand shorter working hours. 13 The last sentence in t
28、his passage means that if we succeed in making workers jobs more interesting _. （ A） they will want more money （ B） they will demand shorter working hours （ C） more money and shorter working hours are important factors （ D） more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them 14 In
29、this passage, the author tells us_. （ A） how to make the workers more productive （ B） possible factors leading,to greater efficiency （ C） to what extent more money leads to greater productivity （ D） how to make workers jobs more interesting 15 The author of this passage is probably a_. （ A） teacher
30、（ B） worker （ C） manager （ D） physicist 15 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes langua
31、ges so much easier for them to learn? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners we may discover a few of the techniques that make language learning easier for them. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the
32、teacher. They discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They try to learn from their mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, they do not wait for a chance to u
33、se the language. Instead they look for such a chance. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear and to say strange things. They are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomp
34、lete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary fo
35、r them to learn language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it is easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn it. 16 The best learners of languages _. （ A） are the most intelligent students in the class （ B） are the best at memori
36、zing long vocabulary lists （ C） have the best language learning techniques （ D） are the best at mastering rules of grammar 17 People who learn languages easily seem to have a _ for learning them. （ A） desire （ B） skill （ C） knack （ D） will power 18 According to the passage the key factor in language
37、 learning is probably_. （ A） the learner （ B） the teacher （ C） the textbook （ D） the classmates 19 Successful language learners are_, _learners with a purpose. （ A） diligent, energetic （ B） independent, active （ C） diligent, active （ D） dependent, passive 20 Successful language learners learn the la
38、nguage by_. （ A） following a strict study schedule every day （ B） relying on teachers and classmates （ C） learning the meaning of every word they hear （ D） trying to communicate and learning from mistakes 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sen
39、tences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 The company s employment policy makes it clear that men and women have_ oppo
40、rtunities. （ A） equivalent （ B） identical （ C） balanced （ D） equal 22 I was advised to arrange for insurance_I needed medical treatment. （ A） so that （ B） in case （ C） although （ D） nevertheless 23 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_. （ A） catching （ B） to be caught （ C） being caught （ D） to
41、 catch 24 I appreciate_to your home. （ A） to be invited （ B） to have invited （ C） having invited （ D） being invited 25 Five minutes earlier,_we could have caught the last train. （ A） and （ B） but （ C） or （ D） so 26 At half past one the downpour_. （ A） paused （ B） halted （ C） ceased （ D） cemented 27
42、Little by little, you ve tried to_away at my hopes. （ A） slice （ B） cut （ C） tear （ D） chip 28 Don t judge a crime until you know all the_. （ A） circumstances （ B） environments （ C） situations （ D） conditions 29 An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of_. （ A） urgen
43、cy （ B） pressure （ C） crisis （ D） emergency 30 In western countries, the young people are more independent_ their parents. （ A） from （ B） of （ C） off （ D） to 31 Tom s father, as well as his mother,_ in New York for a few days more. （ A） asks him to stay （ B） asks he stays （ C） ask he to stay （ D） as
44、ks he would stay 32 If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we_at the airport. （ A） will see her off （ B） would see her off （ C） would have seen her off （ D） must have seen her off 33 Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least. （ A）
45、of which （ B） for what （ C） as （ D） whose 34 _nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. （ A） Seen that （ B） Seeing that （ C） To see （ D） When 35 A fire_during the night and a large number of houses_to ashes. （ A） broke out; were burnt （ B） was broke out; were burnt （ C）
46、 broke out; burnt （ D） set out; were burned 36 He looks as if he_nothing about the news. （ A） would know （ B） would have known （ C） knew （ D） should know 37 Many cities in the southern part of the United States have difficulty_traffic flowing when it snows. （ A） kept （ B） keeping （ C） to keep （ D） i
47、n being kept 38 He failed the test many times._, he didn t stop trying. （ A） But （ B） So （ C） Although （ D） However 39 Bacon and scrambled eggs_the standard American breakfast. （ A） were （ B） are （ C） have been （ D） is 40 _ we all know, it is impossible to speak or write English or any other languag
48、e without using the verb. （ A） For （ B） Since （ C） As （ D） Which 41 I m going to have my letters _ tomorrow. （ A） type （ B） typing （ C） typed （ D） to be typed 42 I m considering_your offer. （ A） accept （ B） accepting （ C） to accept （ D） accepted 43 If I_ the exam, he would be astonished. （ A） did pa
49、ss （ B） pass （ C） were to pass （ D） had passed 44 Ten minutes_too short a time to finish this test. （ A） is （ B） are （ C） has （ D） have 45 There_in the room. （ A） is too many furnitures （ B） are too many furnitures （ C） are too much furniture （ D） is too much furniture 46 Mr. Smith drove slowly on the way home until he reached the highway, _ t
