1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspo
2、nding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, offering him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man c
3、annot do for himself. Others, unfortunately, are kept as food. Dogs, which serve man in all four capacities(Korea and China are big dog eaters), are found in various breeds(品种 )in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is a1 home in the hottest parts
4、 of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight. Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are n
5、ot accustomed to roaming in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require. All domestic animals need proper food. It must he suitahle for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and
6、clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on left-over food, and then wonder why the animal seems listless(倦怠的 )and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed reg
7、ularly if the animal is to maintain good health. Even well-cared-for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free
8、 or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly and hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health. 1 What does the author mainly want to convey in the first paragraph? （ A） There exist thousands of species of animals in the world. （ B） Man came to establish a close
9、relationship with a number of animals. （ C） In some regions dogs seem to be more closely related to man. （ D） Most animals existing in the world are kept by humans now. 2 Which of the following is NOT a domestic animal, according to the passage? （ A） A wolf kept in a zoo. （ B） A cattle raised for fa
10、rming. （ C） A tiger performing in circus. （ D） A fish living in the river. 3 Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage? （ A） They can act as friends, guards, and servants to man. （ B） They have great adaptation for the environment. （ C） There live a great variety of breeds
11、of dogs on the globe. （ D） The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest breeds ever known in the world. 4 To keep a domestic animal physically fit, its owner is advised _. （ A） not to hesitate to spend enormous amount of money on it （ B） to be wise about their feeding （ C） not to allow it to take too
12、big amounts of exercise （ D） to join some sort of pet-keeping organizations 5 Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? （ A） Domesticated Animals Mans Best Friends （ B） Proper Diet for Healthy Animals （ C） The Advantages of Raising Domestic Animals （ D） Some Tips on Pet-keepin
13、g 5 Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israels example. At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the
14、patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patients illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary. The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hosp
15、italization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague
16、. Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized(分散的 )nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they
17、make salary recommendations. Each units nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when. Beth Israels nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
18、 6 Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital? （ A） The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse. （ B） Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night. （ C） The primary nurse writes care plans for
19、 every patient. （ D） The primary nurse keeps records of the patients health conditions every day. 7 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient （ B） in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional po
20、int of view （ C） in most hospitals nurses get low salaries （ D） compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hours at Beth Israel Hospital 8 A primary nurse can propose different approach of treatment when_. （ A） the present one is refused by the patient （ B） the patient complains about
21、the present one （ C） the present one proves to be ineffective （ D） the patient is found unwilling to cooperate 9 The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former （ A） is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospital （ B） has to arrange the work shifts of
22、the units nurses （ C） can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patient （ D） has full responsibility in the administration of the units nurses 10 The authors attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is_. （ A） negative （ B） neutral （ C） critical （ D） positive 10 What
23、 do cats eyes and highway reflector signs have in common? They both act as retro-reflectors(反响反射器 ). Almost everyone has noticed the frightening appearance of animals at night, as their eyes seem to glow in reflected light. One may think that just as reflective highway signs alert the motorists to m
24、any road hazards, so early man was often warned of danger by light from his campfire reflected in the eyes of lurking(潜伏 )predators. In both cases, the light is ret-roreflected, giving it a particularly bright appearance. The principles of retroreflection have been understood for centuries. However,
25、 it is only within the last fifty or sixty years, with the wide use of the automobile, that this area of optics(光学 )has received important commercial application. Today, the uses of retroreflective materials are many. They are applied to bicycles and motor vehicles to make them more visible at night
26、. And they assist pilots by improving the visibility of runway markers. Large sums are spent for retroreflective materials, but purchasers have often found it difficult to specify performance for the materials they buy. Performance is of concern not only from the standpoint of the brightness of refl
27、ected light, but also from the standpoint of its color. It is important, for example, that the yellow hues(色调 )in warning signals be of consistent color quality on all road signs so the driver can rely on color, as well as shape, to discern the signs meanings. Seven colors silver, blue, yellow, red,
28、 green, brown and orange are currently used for marking the interstate highway system. 11 This passage is primarily concerned with_. （ A） technology in photoelectric cells （ B） retroreflection in animals and insects （ C） natural and man-made retroreflection （ D） specific performance of retroreflecti
29、ve materials 12 The word “predator“(Para. 2)most probably means “_“. （ A） early man （ B） wild animal （ C） evil person （ D） campfire 13 The passage suggests that_. （ A） government scientists are developing inexpensive retroreflectors （ B） the government manufactures retroreflective devices （ C） retro
30、reflective devices are widely used for public facilities （ D） retroreflectors were first used to scare wild animals away 14 Retroreflective materials have been used extensively since the invention of_ . （ A） the automobile （ B） the laser beam （ C） photography （ D） highways 15 It could be concluded f
31、rom the passage that_. （ A） retroreflective materials give off light in the dark （ B） retroreflective paint can be purchased at most hardware stores （ C） it is sometimes difficult for purchasers to decide the right kind of retroreflective materials to buy （ D） people prefer to use yellow color as wa
32、rning signals on highways 15 It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and d
33、ominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much a-bout certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships. I think it is true that parents often, underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they thems
34、elves felt when young. Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Th
35、en, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste. Sometimes you are resistant and proud, because
36、 you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you cant win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natura
37、l enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself. If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into
38、 doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. 16 The author is primarily addressing （ A） parents of teenagers （ B） newspaper readers （ C） those who give advice to teenagers
39、 （ D） teenagers 17 The first paragraph is mainly about_. （ A） the teenagers criticism of their parents （ B） misunderstanding between teenagers and their parents （ C） the dominance of the parents over their children （ D） the teenagers ability to deal with crises 18 Teenagers tend to have strange clot
40、hes and hairstyles because they_. （ A） want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own （ B） have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste （ C） have no other way to enjoy themselves better （ D） want to irritate their parents 19 Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of
41、 whatever they do because they （ A） have already been accepted into the adult world （ B） feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults （ C） are not likely to win over the adults （ D） have a desire to be independent 20 To improve the parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be_
42、. （ A） obedient （ B） responsible （ C） co-operative （ D） independent 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark
43、the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 Her pleasant personality is_from her humor and understanding. （ A） came （ B） caused （ C） caught （ D） derived 22 My father seemed to be in no_ to look at my school report. （ A） mood （ B） emotion （ C） attitude （ D）
44、feeling 23 He couldnt _an appropriate answer to this problem just at the time. （ A） come up （ B） come up with （ C） come up against （ D） come under 24 _I forget, please remind me of my promise. （ A） Although （ B） Nevertheless （ C） In case （ D） So that 25 He demanded that we explain what is happening,
45、 _? （ A） hadnt we （ B） didnt we （ C） hadnt he （ D） didnt he 26 The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machine _invented. （ A） ever （ B） thus （ C） yet （ D） as 27 Wireless is the only way to keep up with China s growing demand _ basic communication service. （ A） for
46、（ B） on （ C） with （ D） at 28 I dont skate now, but I _when I was a kid. （ A） used to it （ B） used to doing it （ C） used to do （ D） used to 29 A fine _ of the city can be obtained from the tower of the Town Hall. （ A） sight （ B） outlook （ C） view （ D） image 30 He began to take politics_only when he l
47、eft school. （ A） carefully （ B） seriously （ C） gravely （ D） severely 31 As we all know that young children are curious_ . （ A） by heart （ B） by origin （ C） by education （ D） by nature 32 He was knocked down by a car and badly_. （ A） injured （ B） damaged （ C） harmed （ D） ruined 33 In western countrie
48、s, Danish bacon has a reputation second only_the butter. （ A） than （ B） to （ C） of （ D） at 34 Linda was_with the housework this term so she failed to finish the research paper on time. （ A） occupied （ B） occupy （ C） occupying （ D） occupation 35 There arent enough computers for the whole grade of stu
49、dents to_. （ A） go far （ B） go slow （ C） go round （ D） go through 36 The tenant(租户 )must be prepared to decorate the apartment _ the terms of the agreement. （ A） with regard to （ B） in accordance with （ C） in relation to （ D） provide 37 _for your help, wed never have been able to get over the difficulties. （ A） Had it not （ B） If it were not （ C） Had it not been （ D） If we had not been 38 He asked no ones permi
