1、托福模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 0 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a business class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 1 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Whether the market creates or satisfies the needs. （ B） The relationship between marketing and customers
2、. （ C） What should marketers do to launch a new product. （ D） What should marketers do to develop a new market. 2 In the lecture, the professor mentioned the hierarchy of needs. Click in the correct box for the needs mentioned in the listening material. 3 Why does the professor mention the hierarchy
3、 of needs? （ A） Because needs are essential motivation for purchasing. （ B） Because needs are one of the core foundations for marketing. （ C） Because needs are the basic factor in marketing procedures. （ D） Because needs reflects the demand of supply. 4 According to the professor, what is NOT includ
4、ed when talking about marketing? （ A） Marketing is the process of identifying the needs. （ B） Marketing is the process of influencing the needs. （ C） Marketing is the process of creating the needs. （ D） Marketing is the process of satisfying the needs. 5 What does the professor mean when he says thi
5、s? （ A） Marketers could only create products instead of demands. （ B） Marketers should create the proper market for their products. （ C） Marketers can influence customers demands. （ D） Marketers are dominated by the customers. 6 Why does the professor say this? （ A） To express his uncertainty about
6、the facts. （ B） To encourage students to give an answer. （ C） To ask a question and then give more details on this topic. （ D） To find out whether the students have their own opinions. 6 Narrator Listen to part of a conversation between to students. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use
7、 your notes to help you answer. 7 Why does Anna go to see her classmate? （ A） She has some questions to ask him. （ B） She intends to arrange a debate for the class. （ C） She intends to discuss with him on marketing. （ D） She intends to inform him of the class arrangement. 8 Why does the woman think
8、that marketing can sometimes shape consumers needs and wants? （ A） She realizes that marketers can use strategies to influence customers. （ B） She finds out that the latest music and the coolest celebrities are attractive. （ C） She is worried that the marketers control customers demands. （ D） She re
9、alizes that phrases and advertisements can attract customers attention. 9 What is Jacks suggestion for the next business class? （ A） To discuss the topic of the former lecture. （ B） To hold a debate on how to make attractive advertisements. （ C） To hand in an assignment to the professor. （ D） To dis
10、cuss marketing strategies with the professor. 10 Why does Anna say this? （ A） To indicate that she does not agree with the man. （ B） To assure that the man is addressing his point of view. （ C） To indicate that she is a little surprised at his view. （ D） To encourage the man to explain why he holds
11、that opinion. 11 What can be inferred about Jack? （ A） He is not planning to talk about the topic now. （ B） He expects the woman to respond to the questions in class. （ C） He is concerned that her question may be difficult to answer. （ D） He is not sure if he can discuss with Anna successfully. 11 N
12、arrator Listen to part of a talk in a history class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer 12 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） The ideas contributing to the American Dream. （ B） The history of American immigration. （ C） The famous persons who had contrib
13、uted to the country. （ D） The influences the American Dream has had on American history. 13 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the factor that contributes to American Dream? （ A） The long developed culture. （ B） The influence of religion. （ C） Enlightenment thinkers. （ D） Freedom people purs
14、u 14 Why does the professor mention the immigrants? （ A） They have played an important role in the history and even now. （ B） They helped to form the country back in the history. （ C） They did great things to improve the economy of the country. （ D） Americans are all children of immigrants who came
15、for their dreams. 15 What does the professor say about the Declaration of independence? （ A） It is quite important in the history of the U.S. （ B） It provides enlightenment of the American Dream. （ C） It assures human rights in various aspects. （ D） It is drawn up by the famous person, John Lock 16
16、According to the professor, what is the basic philosophical foundation of the nation? （ A） John Lockes three concepts. （ B） Voltaires first Amendment. （ C） Montesquieus Constitution. （ D） Machiavelli and Hobb 17 Why does the professor say this? （ A） To express his uncertainty about the facts. （ B） T
17、o criticize the students neglect. （ C） To explain the importance of the constitution. （ D） To encourage students to express their opinions. 17 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 18 What aspect of
18、animal experimentation does the professor mainly discuss? （ A） How harmful it is to animal protection. （ B） How useless it is for the medical care. （ C） How its development differs from that of others, （ D） How it develops from an early ag 19 What does the professor say about animal experimentation?
19、 （ A） Human life is more important than animal life. （ B） All animal experimentation is necessary. （ C） Some of the experimentation has saved human lives. （ D） Animal experimentation is very effective in testing new drugs. 20 What is the evidence to deny animal experimentation? （ A） Some side effect
20、s cannot be communicated by animals. （ B） Animal experimentation is extremely cruel to animals. （ C） Human beings benefit nothing from animal experimentation. （ D） Animal experimentation is not so effective as some people have boaste 21 What does the professor imply when he says this? （ A） Ask stude
21、nts whether they are willing to do something for animals, （ B） Some measures should be introduced to stop animal experimentation. （ C） The students should pay attention to his question and try to answer it. （ D） He wants to find out whether the students care about this issue, 22 Why does the profess
22、or say this? （ A） To indicate that animal experimentation is immoral. （ B） To show that animal experimentation is necessary, （ C） To explain what animal experimentation is good for. （ D） To remind the students of something discussed earlier, 23 How does the professor remind students of the cruelness
23、 of animal experimentation? （ A） He gives a detailed description of the cruelness of animal experimentation. （ B） He encourages students to imagine the pain that the animals suffer from in animal experimentation, （ C） He compares it with the hypothermia experiments done on Jews. （ D） He reminds the
24、class of the fact that scientists define begging calls, 23 Narrator Listen to part of a discussion in a physics class. The professor is discussing Forces. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 24 What is the discussion mainly about? （ A） The characteristic
25、s of forces. （ B） The name of various forces. （ C） The two categories of forces. （ D） The diagrams of forces. 25 How does the professor emphasize his point about force classification? （ A） By stating the definition and components of each category. （ B） By explaining the relationship between the two
26、categories. （ C） By identifying the members of each category. （ D） By comparing the features of the two categories. 26 What are two key factors of force description? （ A） Magnitude. （ B） Weight. （ C） Direction. （ D） Power. 27 According to the discussion, what forces belong to action-at-a-distance fo
27、rces? （ A） Gravitational forces. （ B） Magnetic forces. （ C） Frictional forces. （ D） Electric forces.E. Tensional forces. 28 What can be inferred about student A? （ A） He tries to summarize what the professor has said. （ B） He tries to express his own opinion. （ C） He raises a question on the topic.
28、（ D） He becomes quite confused on the topi 29 What does the professor mean when he says this? （ A） He thinks the students view is quite right. （ B） He thinks the students opinion is wrong. （ C） He is not sure about the students opinion. （ D） He does not want to give his own opinion. 29 Narrator List
29、en to part of a conversation in a library. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 30 What does the student need from the library? （ A） He is not quite sure about it. （ B） He is interested in business. （ C） He needs the librarians help. （ D） He needs a speci
30、fic reference book. 31 Where will the student and the librarian look for the information the student needs? （ A） In the reading room of the library. （ B） In the E-library of their university. （ C） In the business department. （ D） In the business section of the library. 32 What can we infer from the
31、titles the student was looking at? （ A） He is specializing in business and management. （ B） He finds it convenient to find a specific book. （ C） He is quite interested in business and management. （ D） He is quite satisfied with the services of E-library. 33 What does the library NOT permit students
32、to do? （ A） Reading the E-books in the library. （ B） Downloading the E-books from the library. （ C） Using the E-library to find information. （ D） Borrowing the books they find in the E-library. 34 What does the student mean when he says this? （ A） He is not sure whether he needs help. （ B） He is not
33、 sure whether the librarian would help him. （ C） He hesitates to bother the librarian. （ D） He is not sure whether he can find the information he needs. 一、 Sections Three： Reading Comprehension 34 This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English. The Reading section of T
34、OEFL iBT is divided into 2 or 3 separately timed parts. Most questions in the Reading section are worth 1 point, but the last question for each passage is worth more than 1 point. The directions for the last question include the point value of the question. Some passages will include a word or phras
35、e that is underlined. You can see its definition or an explanation in the Glossary box. Within each part in the real test, you can go on to the next question by clicking the Next icon. You may skip questions and go back to them later. If you want to go back to previous questions, click the Back icon
36、. You may click the Review icon at any time and the review screen will show you which questions you have answered and which you have not. From the review screen, you can go directly to any question you have already seen in the Reading section. You will now begin the Reading section. There is 1 passa
37、ge for this part of the section, and you will have 20 minutes to read the passage and answer the questions. Natural Selection First coined by Darwin, the term natural selection refers to the process at the core of evolutionary theory. Simply put, Darwin believed that every living organism had to str
38、uggle to survive and reproduce. By random chance, some individuals in a species would have characteristics that made them better adapted to this struggle than their contemporaries. Such individuals would be more likely to reproduce and pass their characteristics on to their offspring. Over many gene
39、rations, a series of small differences in characteristics would accumulate, until eventually the creatures that were produced would be so different from their original ancestors that they would constitute a new species. (A) Although Darwin did not know how variations between individual members of th
40、e same species were able to arise in the first place or how such traits could then be passed on from species to species, we now know that this process occurs through genes. (B) Genes determine what characteristics an organism will possess, from its size to its skin color to its gender. (C) Sometimes
41、 these genes become damaged or altered-a process known as mutation. (D) Most mutations are either too small to have any effect, or have detrimental effects on the organism. A few, however, can be beneficial to helping an organism survive. The organisms with these beneficial mutations are the ones th
42、at .survive and reproduce, passing their particular genetic mutation on to future generations. Originally, Darwin thought that two particular types of traits were naturally selected for evolution. The first type included any and all traits that helped an organism survive, either by giving it easier
43、access to food, better protection from predators, or superior adaptability to shifting environmental conditions. Several examples of the natural selection of such traits have been observed since Darwin first proposed his theory. The most often cited example is the coloration of moths near industrial
44、 centers. Some of them have white wings and the others have black wings. Under normal conditions, the lighter-colored moths predominate since white moths are less visible against the light-colored bark of the trees in the forests where they live, which means they can more easily avoid predators. Nea
45、r industrial centers, however, darker-colored moths predominate, as the pollution from the factory has darkened the bark of the nearby trees. Moths landing on these trees are much more difficult to see if they have black wings. This trait has now become most common in moth populations living in area
46、s where pollutants have changed the color of the tree bark. The second type of naturally selected traits envisioned by Darwin involved those characteristics of an organism that made it easier for that organism to find a mate. This form of natural selection, often called sexual selection, was thought
47、 to explain the existence of highly developed traits in certain animals that seemed to play no particular role in their survival, and that in some cases seemed to make it even harder for them to survive. A prime example of such a trait is the peacocks elaborate, colorful tail feathers. A long, unwie
48、ldy tail that can expand into a display of bright colors that draws the attention of any predator in the vicinity seems less likely than that of other kinds of birds to help the bird survive. However, researchers discovered that peahens invariably chose to mate with those peacocks whose tail feather
49、s produced the most artistic displays. Thus, although the peacocks tail feathers have no adaptive function in terms of coping with survival pressure, the gene that controls feather color is the one that is most likely to be passed on because of its role in the mating process. Many scientists now believe that a third type of naturally selected characteristics exists, namely those that may be harmful to an individual organism but beneficial to that organisms species. This helps to explain the persistence of certain traits that were viewed under traditional evolutio
