1、托福模拟试卷 38及答案与解析 0 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a marketing class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 1 In the lecture, the professor describes the utilities that are created by the two basic functions-productions and marketing. Indicate which
2、 of the following is by production and which is by marketing. Click in the correct box for each phrase. 2 Why does the professor cite GTE Airtone as an example? （ A） To illustrate how place utility is created. （ B） To illustrate how time utility is created. （ C） To illustrate how ownership utility i
3、s created. （ D） To illustrate how the above three utilities are created. 3 According to the professor, which of the following activities is not included in marketing? （ A） Analyzing customers needs. （ B） Securing necessary information. （ C） Designing and producing goods or services. （ D） Creating an
4、d maintaining relationships. 4 Why does the professor take Federal Express and Airborne Express as an example in his lecture? （ A） To display how form utility is created. （ B） To illustrate how time utility is created. （ C） To explain how place utility is created. （ D） To show how ownership utility
5、is created. 5 What is the intended meaning of the professor when he says this? （ A） It is very hard to give a definition of marketing. （ B） The notion of marketing can be interpreted in different ways. （ C） Marketing is far more complex than people usually think it to be. （ D） Marketing begins after
6、 the goods and services are produced. 6 Why does the professor say this? （ A） To express uncertainty about the previous statement. （ B） To end the discussion on the definition of marketing. （ C） To check the students understanding of marketing. （ D） To find out what the students prefer. 6 Narrator L
7、isten to part of a conversation between a student and a professor. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 7 What is the purpose of the professors research on old people? （ A） To inform people of the aging process. （ B） To make people aware of the side effec
8、ts of aging. （ C） To inform people of the discomfort with old age. （ D） To make people change their idea about old age. 8 According to the interview, which of the following is NOT included in the publics ideas about old people? （ A） The aged are normally strong mentally. （ B） The aged are normally w
9、eak physically. （ C） The aged usually lack companions. （ D） The aged usually live in solitude. 9 What can we learn from the professors experiments? （ A） The old learn as fast as the young. （ B） The young take shorter time to learn. （ C） The old perform better than the young. （ D） The young perform b
10、etter than the old. 10 What does the professor actually mean when he says this? （ A） The old are physically less healthy. （ B） The young are mentally stronger. （ C） The old are as strong as the young. （ D） The young are stronger mentally and physically. 11 What can be inferred from the professors re
11、marks? （ A） Physical illnesses come along with old age. （ B） Physical changes take place gradually. （ C） People suddenly become weak at 65. （ D） Illnesses occur mostly at the age of 65. 11 Narrator Listen to part of a discussion in an astronomy class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may u
12、se your notes to help you answer. 12 What is the discussion mainly about? （ A） The evolution of interstellar gas clouds. （ B） The lifetime of stars. （ C） The quality of main-sequence stars. （ D） The formation of stars. 13 According to the professor, which of the following causes the evolution of a g
13、as cloud into a star? （ A） The internal gravity of the cloud. （ B） The thermal pressure of the cloud. （ C） The interplay between the above two factors. （ D） The lifetime of the gas cloud. 14 The professor mentions the energy that maintains the stars at a high temperature. Where does the energy come
14、from? （ A） From the conversion of hydrogen to helium. （ B） From the internal gravity of the stars. （ C） From the conversion of helium to hydrogen. （ D） From the light emitted by other stars. 15 According to the professor, what is the relation between the mass and the lifetime of a star?Clink on 2 an
15、swers. （ A） The more massive, the longer-lived. （ B） The more massive, the shorter-lived. （ C） The less massive, the longer-lived. （ D） The less massive, the shorter-lived. 16 What can be inferred from the lecture? （ A） The theory of gravitational condensation is supported by observation. （ B） The t
16、heory of gravitational condensation is disproved by observation. （ C） The theory of gravitational condensation is irrelevant to observation. （ D） Observation has modified the theory of gravitational condensation. 17 According to the lecture, how are the individual stars formed? （ A） They are formed
17、in isolation. （ B） They originate from the sun. （ C） They derive from gas clouds. （ D） They result from outer space energy. 17 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a geography class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 18 What is the lecture mainly ab
18、out? （ A） Global warming. （ B） Shoreline retreat. （ C） Rise in sea-level. （ D） Water intrusion. 19 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a direct effect of the rise in sea-level? （ A） Increase of rainfall. （ B） Salt water intrusion. （ C） Destruction of coastal structures. （ D） Shoreline shifts.
19、 20 What does “temporary flooding of coastal areas“ mean? （ A） The flooding caused by increased rainfall. （ B） The flooding caused by swamping of drainage system. （ C） The flooding caused by higher tides. （ D） The flooding caused by destruction of coastal structure. 21 What does the professor imply
20、when she says this? （ A） The parking lot will be right next to the water. （ B） The parking lot will not be as valuable as before. （ C） The parking lot will not exist any longer. （ D） The parking lot will be moved to a place far from the beach. 22 Why does the professor say this? （ A） To indicate tha
21、t it is dangerous to invest in the coastal cities. （ B） To explain why she says no to investment in real estate in this area. （ C） To express over her recalling of last weeks lecture on change. （ D） To indicate that radical changes will cause many complicated problems. 23 What does the word “Tracy“
22、most probably refer to? （ A） The name of a metropolis. （ B） The name of a scientist who died in 1974. （ C） The name of a tropical cyclone. （ D） The name of one of the professors colleagues. 23 Narrator Listen to part of a talk in an anthropology class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may
23、use your notes to help you answer. 24 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Culture shock. （ B） Ethnocentrism. （ C） Myths and folktales. （ D） Food preferences. 25 According to the professor, what does an ethnocentric person tend to believe? （ A） Culture shock is a good lesson for people from different
24、 cultures. （ B） People should prepare for the differences between cultures. （ C） Ones own culture is superior to all other different ones. （ D） Other ethnic groups have the same customs. 26 Why does the professor say that the term Inuit is more appropriate than Eskimo? （ A） It came into being earlie
25、r than Eskimo. （ B） It sounds better than Eskimo. （ C） It is generated by Inuit people themselves （ D） The term Eskimo is more ethnocentric. 27 According to the Cherokee Indians, who was first created by the Creator? （ A） The white. （ B） The brown. （ C） The red. （ D） The black. 28 According to the t
26、alk, which of the following are true about food preferences? Clink on 3 answers. （ A） Ethnocentrism is most commonly present in food preferences. （ B） We tend to like food that is familiar to us and dislike food we do not know well. （ C） We find some foods of other cultures distasteful because our s
27、tomachs can not digest them. （ D） Sometimes delicious food can be disgusting when we know what it is. 29 What can be inferred about the professors attitude toward ethnocentrism? （ A） He is unfriendly. （ B） He is biased. （ C） He is admiring. （ D） He is tolerant. 29 Narrator Listen to part of a conver
28、sation between two students. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 30 Where does the conversation most probably take place? （ A） In a student dorm. （ B） At a Student Union office. （ C） In a classroom. （ D） At a student club. 31 Which office helps overseas
29、students with their particular problems? （ A） Sports Club. （ B） Union Societies. （ C） Accommodation Office. （ D） Welfare Office. 32 What kind of sport is NOT mentioned in the conversation? （ A） Chess. （ B） Badminton. （ C） Basketball. （ D） Cycling. 33 Where can the student find his compatriots at the
30、 college? （ A） In training sessions. （ B） In a Filipino society. （ C） On a badminton court. （ D） In a basketball team. 34 Which of the following can be inferred when the man says this? （ A） There are other students waiting to put up their notices. （ B） The woman is rude and does not want to obey the
31、 rules. （ C） The man is annoyed by the womans haughty tone. （ D） The procedure of putting up a notice is rather complicated. 一、 Sections Three： Reading Comprehension 34 Air Pollution and Acid RainThe increasing variety and prevalence of pollution presents the world with many extremely daunting probl
32、ems, air pollution in particular ranks among the most serious. In the following text, air pollution and acid rain caused by automobiles will be discussed. Certain solutions to the problem will be provided in the conclusion. It is widely known that cars are the main cause of air pollution in cities,
33、accounting for 60% to 90% of all air pollution. This will get worse as the number of cars increases in urban areas. How do cars cause air pollution? First we must examine how a car works. Theres a mixture of petrol in the cars internal combustion engine which create the force for the automobile to m
34、ove. Unfortunately, in this process there are some poisonous chemicals which remain; these poisonous chemicals mainly come out of the car through the exhaust. Its not just what comes out of the car exhaust that is dangerous, the brake system also causes pollution. Brakes on cars release asbestos, it
35、 is a highly dangerous substance and it can kill humans. Also, the tires themselves give off small rubber particles which are not very healthy. Acid rain caused by air pollution has strongly influenced peoples lives. It is almost impossible to describe the mathematical relationship between what goes
36、 up as pollutant emissions and what comes down as acid rain. However, we do know the primary source of acid rain is the pollution released by power plants. The pollutants combine with moisture in the atmosphere and then fall as an acid rain. Germans often call it royal water, because it can break do
37、wn gold. The royal water falls in the form of rain or snow on the German Black Forest and attacks the soil. Microorganisms within the soil perish and metals harmful to trees like aluminum leak into the ground. At the same time, the acid rain attacks the trees leaves and dissolves their waxy coating.
38、 The leaves then shrivel and die. About one in every ten trees in the Black Forest is a fir. 76% of all firs in the Black Forest are dying. 41 % of all spruce are diseased, 43% of all pine are diseased, 26% of beech trees and 16% of all other trees are dying. Environmental groups like Green Peace ca
39、mpaign around Europe trying to stop the causes of acid rain. We need to find solutions to this problem. First, we should try and discourage the overuse of cars. We could do this by raising taxes on petrol or by making cars more expensive. Second, we can encourage alternative methods of transportatio
40、n. For example, in Shanghai recently, a subway has been built underground, which takes some of the pressure off the roads. Some people would rather use the underground than drive their cars. Next, we could develop and use cleaner fuels instead of petrol. For example, we might use natural gas in the
41、future or we might experiment with battery powered cars. Finally, the actual by-products of vehicle emissions must be managed.(A) Scientists and engineers are now trying to use mechanical means for reducing the amount of chemicals that are emitted from cars exhaust pipes.(B) Germany is now leading t
42、he way in attacking this part of the problem.(C) In order to clean up motor vehicle emissions, all new cars in Germany must now meet new emission standards and be fitted with a device called a catalytic converter. (D) This is a device that is fixed over the exhaust and controls the carbon monoxide a
43、nd other dangerous chemicals that cars give off. Like Germany, the United States also introduced strict clean air-controls on motor vehicle emissions in the mid-70s as part of their efforts to reduce acid rain. Its unlikely that any one of these solutions will work on its own. It will take a combina
44、tion of all four of these solutions to help solve the air pollution problem. 35 The word daunting in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） solvable （ B） frightening （ C） promising （ D） intrepid 36 The word exhaust in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） fatigue （ B） outlet （ C） waste ga
45、ses （ D） extension 37 In Paragraph 3, the author describes the relationship between pollutant emissions and acid rain by_ . （ A） arguing that acid rain results from photosynthesis rather than from combination （ B） describing the process of combining smoke and moisture in the atmosphere （ C） identify
46、ing various types of pollutants in the atmosphere （ D） comparing the scientific concept to a familiar human experience 38 According to the passage, why is acid rain called royal water? （ A） Because it can dissolve gold which is the symbol of royalty. （ B） Because it seldom happens and is regarded as
47、 precious. （ C） Because “royal“ indicates the level of difficulty in acid rain prevention. （ D） Because this problem has aroused the attention of royalty. 39 The word dissolves in Paragraph 4 refers to （ A） collapse （ B） soak （ C） melt （ D） terminate 40 All of the following are mentioned in Paragrap
48、h 2 as contributing to how cars cause air pollution EXCEPT that_. （ A） the brakes on cars give off asbestos bad for health （ B） car combustion emits poisonous chemicals （ C） catalytic converters also produces poisonous chemicals （ D） tires give off small rubber particles harmful to health 41 The wor
49、d shrivel in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） vaporize （ B） collapse （ C） shrink （ D） evaporate 42 According to the passage, which of the following is true of acid rain? （ A） Tree leaves die of lack of water from acid rain. （ B） Spruce growth is accelerated by acid rain. （ C） Acid rain kills the microorganisms within the soil. （ D） Beech trees suffer more than other trees in acid rain. 43 According to the passage, all of the following are the solutions recommended EXCEPT_. （ A） raising taxes on petrol （ B） encouraging the use of d
