1、湖北省成人本科学位英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corre
2、sponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 How men first learned to invent words is unknown: in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, action
3、s and things, so that they could communicate with each other:and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters we call words. The power of words, then,
4、 lies in their combinations the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience: and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past: and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean someth
5、ing to us increases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts, but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and feelings. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary(文字的 )style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can
6、 convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they Will make our speech silly and rude. 1 The origin of language( ). （ A） is reflected in sound
7、s and letters （ B） is handed down from generation to generation （ C） dates back to the prehistoric period （ D） is a problem not yet solved 2 According to the passage, words are( ). （ A） visual letters （ B） represented by sounds （ C） represented either by sounds or letters （ D） signs called letters 3
8、 The power of words lies in their( ). （ A） beauty （ B） accuracy （ C） combinations （ D） charm 4 The secret of a writers success is the use of words that( ). （ A） recall to us the glad and sad events of our past （ B） are arranged in a creative way （ C） are as beautiful as music （ D） agree with certain
9、 literary style 5 The author of the passage advises us( ). （ A） to use words carefully and accurately （ B） not to use silly and rude words （ C） to become a slave of words （ D） to use emotional words 5 There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities wit
10、h factories and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health
11、warnings in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fos
12、sil fuels(coal and oil)is creating a “greenhouse effect“ conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the worlds average temperature. If this view is correct and the worlds temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miam
13、i, and New Orleans will be in water. Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earths temperature a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age,
14、and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top fanning areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen(though one recent government report drafted by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very possible). Perhaps, if we ar
15、e lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the worlds temperature will stay about the same as it is now. 6 As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution( ). （ A） caused widespread damage in the countryside （ B） affected the entire eastern
16、half of theUnited States （ C） had damaging effect on health （ D） existed merely in urban and industries areas 7 As to the greenhouse effect, the author( ). （ A） shares the same view with the scientists （ B） is uncertain of its occurrence （ C） rejects it as being ungrounded （ D） thinks that it will d
17、estroy the world soon 8 The word“ offset“ in the second paragraph could be replaced by( ). （ A） slip into （ B） make up for （ C） set up （ D） catch up with 9 It can be concluded that( ). （ A） raising the worlds temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earth （ B） lowering the wo
18、rlds temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster （ C） almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decade （ D） the worlds temperature will remain constant in the years to come 10 This passage is primarily about( ). （ A） the greenhouse effect （ B）
19、the burning of fossil fuels （ C） the potential effect of air pollution （ D） the likelihood of a new ice age 10 Increasingly, over the past ten years, people especially young people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed
20、food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives(添加剂 )and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today. Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain w
21、hich have been grown in soil that is rich in organic(有机的 )matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, t
22、he main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas. Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场 ). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are
23、farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating which a
24、re now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in
25、 itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and
26、 no fiber. It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet con
27、tains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating“. 11 People have become more interested in natural foods because( ). （ A） they ar
28、e more health conscious （ B） they want to taste all kinds of foods （ C） natural foods are more delicious than processed foods （ D） they want to return to nature 12 Soil that is rich in organic matters( ). （ A） has had chemicals and fertilizers added to it （ B） contains vegetable matter that has not
29、been consumed （ C） has been nourished by fertilizers （ D） already contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals 13 Chickens raised in poultry farms are all of the following EXCEPT that( ). （ A） they are fed on food which is little better than garbage （ B） they live in very crowded condition （ C
30、） the eggs they lay lack vitamins （ D） they are allowed to move about and eat freely 14 According to the passage, ( ). （ A） people need sugar to give them energy （ B） sugar is bad for the health （ C） the use of sugar is habit forming （ D） sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful
31、 15 The best title for this passage is( ). （ A） Peoples Growing Interest in Natural Foods （ B） Natural Foods and Healthy Diet （ C） Harmful Effects of Sugar （ D） The Importance of Fiber in Foods 15 No one knows how man learned to make words. Perhaps he began by making sounds like those made by animal
32、s. Perhaps he grunted like a pig when he lifted something heavy. Perhaps he made sounds like those he heard all round him water splashing, bees humming, a stone falling to the ground. Somehow he learned to make words. As the centuries went by, he made more and more new words. This is what we mean by
33、 language. People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in theworld. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large English dictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not need
34、all these. Only a few thousand words are used in everyday life. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary bigger. Read as many books as you can. There are plenty of books written in easy English for you to read. You will enjoy them. When you meet a new wor
35、d, find it in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your most useful book. 16 From this passage, we know that( ). （ A） man never made sounds （ B） man made animal sounds （ C） man used to be like animals to make sounds （ D） man learned from the animals to make sounds 17 The number of different languages
36、 spoken is about( ). （ A） 150 （ B） 1, 500 （ C） 5, 000 （ D） 4, 000 18 People from different countries( ). （ A） made same words （ B） made different kinds of words （ C） had a same language （ D） used some sounds 19 Man( )to make sounds. （ A） used words （ B） followed many things in nature （ C） lifted hea
37、vy things （ D） grunted like a pig 20 You can enlarge your vocabulary by( ). （ A） reading more books （ B） linding new words in dictionaries （ C） writing more （ D） using the words in everyday life 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. Fo
38、r each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 The young man promised to his parents, “I would never( )again. “ （ A） let you down （ B
39、） let you out （ C） let you in （ D） let you by 22 Mary regretted( )to Johns birthday party last Sunday. （ A） not going （ B） not to go （ C） not having heen going （ D） not to be going 23 Mary never tells anyone what she does for a( ). （ A） job （ B） work （ C） profession （ D） living 24 William has cut hi
40、s smoking( )to five cigarettes a day. （ A） down （ B） in （ C） off （ D） out 25 I am very disappointed( )the results of the experiment. （ A） from （ B） for （ C） to （ D） with 26 His few personal belongings made it possible for him to move from place to place( ). （ A） in ease （ B） at ease （ C） with ease （
41、 D） with easiness 27 He talks as if he( )everything in the world. （ A） knows （ B） knew （ C） had known （ D） would have known 28 The doctor advised that Mr. Malan( )an operation right away so as to save his life. （ A） had （ B） would have （ C） have （ D） was going to have 29 Tele vision makes us better(
42、 )than ever before. （ A） inform （ B） informing （ C） informed （ D） to be informed 30 You could have done much better yesterday. Why( )? （ A） didnt you （ B） couldnt you （ C） hadnt you （ D） shouldnt you 31 The medicine can prevent you( ). （ A） from getting drunk （ B） got drunk （ C） get drunk （ D） being
43、 drunk 32 He suggested( )a lecture given by Professor White on English language learning. （ A） me to attend （ B） my attending （ C） my attention （ D） me attending 33 After saying that, he( )the door quickly. （ A） made up （ B） made for （ C） made out （ D） made 34 The manager of the company sent me a fa
44、x saying that he would visit us( )next spring. （ A） some time （ B） sometime （ C） sometimes （ D） some times 35 All my neighbors tried to help in some way. But they turned out to be actually( )the way. （ A） in （ B） on （ C） with （ D） beyond 36 No sooner had they got the goods covered up( )it started ra
45、ining hard. （ A） when （ B） than （ C） then （ D） after 37 How long do you think( )to finish this urgent task? （ A） did it take you （ B） it will take you （ C） will it take you （ D） it to take you 38 ( )was not the way the event happened. （ A） Which the press reported （ B） That the press reported （ C） W
46、hat did the press report （ D） What the press reported 39 Air, or( )is called atmosphere, surrounds the whole earth. （ A） it （ B） that （ C） which （ D） what 40 Dont you think it is time you( )smoking? （ A） give up （ B） gave up （ C） would give up （ D） should give up 三、 Part IV Cloze (10%) Directions: T
47、here are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fit into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 40 The United
48、 States【 C1】 _a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada【 C2】 _the north, and Mexico to the south.【 C3】_the United States is a big country, its not the largest in the world, In 1964 its population was over 185, 000, 000. When this land first became a nation, after winning
49、 independence from England, it had thirteen states, 【 C4】 _of the states was represented on the American flag by a star All the states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew towards the west, new states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew towards the west, new states were added and new stars appeared on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 states. In 1959, however, two【 C5】 _stars were added to the flag【 C6】_the new states【 C7】 _Alaska and Hawaii. Sometimesit is said tha
