1、笔译二级实务模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 “ Clean your plate!“ and “ Be a member of the clean-plate club!“ Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal; “Just think about those starving orphans(孤儿 )in Africa!
2、 Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take a few too many bites. Instead of saying “clean the plate“ , perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(肚子 ). A wait
3、er puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They serve large portions to stand apart from competit
4、ors and to give the customers value. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American wais
5、tline began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. A restaurant industry trade magazine reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants serve portion
6、s that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $ 150,000 per year prefer smaller portions. But only 45 percent of t
7、hose earning less than $ 25 ,000 want smaller. Its not that working class Americans dont want to eat healthy. Its just that after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next years
8、 Christmas presents. 2 Its a typical Snoopy card; cheerful message, bright colors, though a little yellow and faded now. Though Ive received fancier, more expensive card over the years, this is the only one Ive saved. One summer, it spoke volumes to me. I received it during the first June I faced as
9、 a widow to raise two teenage daughters alone. In all the emotioned confusion of this sudden single parenthood, I was overwhelmed with, of all things, the simplest housework: leaky taps, oil changes, even barbeques(烧烤 ). Those had always been my husbands jobs. I was embarrassed every time I hit my t
10、humb with a hammer or couldnt get the lawnmower(割草机 )started. My uncertain attempts only fueled the fear inside me: How could I be both a father and mother to my girls? Clearly, I lacked the tools and skills. On this particular morning, my girls pushed me into the living room to see something.(I pra
11、yed it wasnt another repair job.)The “something“ turned out to be an envelope and several wrapped bundles on the carpet. My puzzlement must have been plain as I gazed from the colorful packages to my daughters bright faces. “Go ahead! Open them! “They urged. As I unwrapped the packages, I discovered
12、 a small barbecue grill(烧烤架 )and all the necessary objects including a green kitchen glove with a frog pattern on it. “But why? “ I asked. “Happy Fathers Day! “ they shouted together. “Moms dont get presents on Fathers Day. “ I protested. “You forgot to open the card. “ Jane reminded. I pulled it fr
13、om the envelope. There sat Snoopy, on top of his dog house, merrily wishing me a Happy Fathers Day. “ Because,“ the girls said, “youve been a father and mother to us. Why shouldnt you be remembered on Father s Day?“ As I fought back tears, I realized they were right, I wanted to be a “professional“
14、dad, who had the latest tools and knew all the tricks of the trade. The girls only wanted a parent they could count on to be there, day after day, performing repeatedly the maintenance tasks of basic care and love. The girls are grown now, and they still send me Fathers Day cards, but none of those
15、cards means as : much to me as that first one. Its simple message told me being a great parent didnt require any special tools at all - just a willing worker. SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 3 我们所知的事实是，战争并非像很多人相信的那样完全是 “人性 ”的产物。如果正如许多人所信的那样，战争和人与人之间的暴力会在整个人类历史上并且在所有或者几乎所有的社会里存在。事实并非如此。考
16、古学家的调查结果似乎表明人类在很久以前是比较讲和平的。举例来说，在早先的法国洞穴绘画里，早于约公元前10， 000年的绘画中没有人与人打仗的画面。这一点提示，在人类早期那段时间里，相对而言人与人打仗是鲜为人知的。从某种意义上讲，这一发现并没有什么可以大惊小怪的。在动物世界中，动物捕杀自己种类的现象是很少见的。他们确 实捕杀其他种类的动物，但是不会捕杀他们自己的种类。像大多数动物一样，早期的人类中出现人类内部暴力的比例相对较低。因此，战争不是人性固有的产物，而是某些社会和文化条件产生的结果。 4 被与自己的思想、信仰及兴趣相仿的人所吸引，那是很自然的事。同样，与体貌特征跟自己相仿的人相处，亦让人
17、感到舒适。 您也许已经注意到生活和工作中紧密相处的人是如何在举止上趋于类同的。我们常常会不自觉地模仿我们所接近、所爱、所仰慕的人。因此，球迷会模仿某个运动员独有的耸肩行走的样子；一对情人连摇头的方式也相同；而雇 员则会学他老板的习惯，也在思考问题时手指间玩弄一支笔。 有影响的人物并非在所有的情形中都有意识地觉察到这种仿效，但是这种仿效的存在会使他感到舒服。如果他确实察觉到别人的手势或动作与他一样，他会感到高兴，因为那意味着他对别人产生影响，他对这些人有吸引力。 笔译二级实务模拟试卷 23答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 【
18、正确答案】 “把盘子里东西吃干净。 ”“去参加 干净盘子 俱乐部。 ”这些都是美国小孩经常从家长 或者祖父母那里听到的话。通常还伴随着这样的话 “你们应该好好想想非洲的饥饿儿童。 ” 当然，我们应该珍惜每一口粮食。而不幸的是，美国的许多人都吃了好多粮食。也许我们都应该为将来节省点食物，而不是一味的说 “把盘子里东西吃干净 ”。 根据最新的报道，民众逐渐增胖的部分原因是由美国的餐馆所引起的。根据今日美国报道，一个餐馆服务生为每位顾客提供的一盘子食物数量是美国政府所建议食物数量的两至四倍。 传统上来说，美国人喜欢把数量和价格联系在一起，大部分餐馆也尽量满足顾客的要求。他们会提供给顾客大量 的食物以
19、便在竞争中处于优势地位。他们宁愿顾客抱怨食物太多而不是太少。 一个来自宾夕法尼亚州大学的名叫芭芭拉 -劳斯的营养学专家告诉今日美国，在 19世纪 70年代，餐馆所提供的食物量开始增长，与此同时，美国人的腰围也开始增加。 健康专家曾尽力劝服许多餐馆给顾客提供少一点的食物。如今，很显然的是，一些顾客也在呼吁这个问题。一个餐饮业杂志报道说，根据上个月对 4000顾客的调查显示， 57的人认为餐馆提供的食物太多了， 23的人没有意见， 20的人持相反的意见。 但是进一步的调查显示，许多生 活条件不好的顾客还是希望餐馆提供大量食物。年收人至少为 15万美元的顾客中的 70更喜欢少量食物。但是年收入少于
20、25000美元的顾客中只有 45的人更喜欢少量食物。 这并不是说美国的工薪阶层不想吃得健康。而是在他们长时间工作之后，所得薪水又很少，如果他们盘子中的食物不足，在他们看来，这顿饭钱就花得不值。他们是靠工资生活的，会很高兴能为明年的圣诞礼物省点钱。 2 【正确答案】 这是一张典型的史努比卡片：带着愉悦的文字和明亮的颜色，如今已有点发黄褪色。尽管过去几年，我都会收到一些既精美又昂贵的卡片，但是这张卡片却是我保存下来的唯一的一张。我在一个夏天收到它，它对我有着不寻常的意义。 我是在变成寡妇的第一年的六月收到这张卡片的，当时我需要独自抚养两个十几岁的女儿。突然变成单身母亲，我无可逃避地需要处理许多问题
21、，即使是最简单的家务：水龙头漏水、换煤气、甚至是烧烤。这些一直都是我丈夫的事情。每当我的拇指被锤头碰伤或者不能开动割草机的时候，我就会感到很困 窘。我那靠不住的行为引起了我内心的恐惧：对我的孩子们来说，我怎么可能承担起既当父亲又当母亲的责任呢 ?很明显，我缺乏必要的工具和技能。 那是一个特别的早上，我的女儿们把我推到了卧室看点东西。 (我祈祷着别又是修理工作 )。那个 “东西 ”是地毯上的一个包装好的一个信封。我看看那多彩的包装，又盯向女儿们红润的脸颊，一脸的茫然。 “去把它打开。 ”他们催促我。在我把包装打开之后，我发现一个小烧烤架以及其它一些必备的东西和一副印有青蛙图案的绿色厨房手套。 “
22、怎么回事呢 ?”我迷惑了。 “父 亲节快乐 !”他们喊道。 “妈妈在父亲节不收礼物的。 ”我抗议道。 “您忘了打开卡片。 “简提醒我说。我把卡片从信封里拉出来，上面画着一个坐在狗舍上面的史努比，高兴地说祝我父亲节快乐。 “因为， ”女孩们说道， “您对我们来说既是妈妈又是爸爸，在父亲节我们怎么可能想不起您来呢 ?” 我忍住即将流下的泪水，意识到他们说的是对的。我想要成为一名 “专业 ”爸爸，哪有人有最新的工具和职业中的所有窍门呢 ?孩子们想要的是一个能够依靠的家长，并能够从中日复一日地得到最基本的照顾和爱心。 现在孩子们长大 了，她们仍然送我父亲节卡片。但是没有一个卡片对我来说像第一张有意义。
23、上面简单的信息告诉了我，做一个伟大的家长根本就不需要特殊的工具，只要心甘情愿就好。 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 3 【正确答案】 The fact known to us is that war, different from what many people believe it to be, is not completely an outcome of “humanity“. Otherwise, war and violence among people would exist in all the human histor
24、y or almost all societies. However, this is not the truth. Archaeologists investigation results seem to suggest that men lived quite a peaceful life long ago. For example, among ancient French cave drawings which were earlier than 10,000 B. C. , there were no pictures describing people fighting with
25、 each other. This indicates that, in that early period of mankind, fight among people was comparatively rare. In a certain way, this discovery is not surprising at all: in the world of animals, its rare for one to prey on another of its own species. They do kill other kinds of animals, but not their
26、 own. Like most animals, the proportion of inner violence among early human beings was relatively small. Therefore, war is not the inherent outcome of humanity but that of certain social and cultural conditions. 4 【正确答案】 Its quite a natural thing that someone is attracted by the person whose thought
27、, faith and interest are similar to his. Equally, getting along with those who have similar characteristics of appearance with you makes you feel comfortable. You may have noticed that people getting along closely with each other in life and work tend to be similar in behaviors. We will often imitat
28、e those we approach, love, or admire unconsciously. Therefore, the football fans will imitate a certain athletes unique way to walk with shrugging shoulders; even a pair of lovers way of shaking heads is same. The employees will imitate their employers habit of playing with a pen among fingers while
29、 pondering over a question. The influential persons arent aware of this kind of imitation in all situations consciously, but the existence of this imitation will make them feel comfortable. He will be glad if he indeed notices that others gestures or movements are identical to his. Because that means he has exerted an influence on others and thus he is attractive to those people.
