1、笔译二级实务模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969 and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging i
2、ntellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last 20 years
3、: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician
4、 trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The
5、 Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium for exposition in several ways: power
6、ful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed mo
7、st with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the un
8、derlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely
9、 by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted. 2 Its not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career. Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, tha
10、t he still reigns, at least in our memory. The truth, though, is that we dont want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twist into conceit. We dont want him back on the court because no one likes a show-off
11、. The stumbling? That will be fun. But we are nice people, we Americans, with 225 years of optimism at our backs. Days ago when M. J. said he had made a decision about returning to the NBA in September, we got excited. He had said the day before, “I look forward to playing, and hopefully I can get t
12、o that point where I can make that decision. Its O. K. to have some doubt, and its O. K. to have some nervousness.“ A Time/CNN poll last week has Americans, 2 to 1, saying they would like him on the court ASAP. And only 21 percent thought that if he came back and just completely bombed, it would dam
13、age his legend. In fact only 28 percent think athletes should retire at their peak. Sources close to him tell Time that when Jordan first talked about a comeback with the Washington Wizards, the team Jordan co-owns and would play for, some of his trusted advisers privately tried to discourage him. “
14、But they say if they try to stop him, it will only firm up his resolve,“ says an NBA source. The problem with Jordans return is not only that he cant possibly live up to the storybook ending he gave up in 1998 earning his sixth ring with a last-second championship-winning shot. The problem is that t
15、he motives for coming back needing the attention, needing to play even when his 38-year-old body does not violate the very myth of Jordan, the myth of absolute control. Babe Ruth, the 20th centurys first star, was a gust of fat bravado and drunken talent, while Jordan ended the century by proving th
16、e elegance of resolve; Babes pointing to the bleachers replaced by the charm of a backpedaling shoulder shrug. Jordan symbolized success by not sullying his brand with his politics, his opinion or superstar personality. To be a Jordan fan was to be a fan of classiness and confidence. To come back wh
17、en he knows that playing for Wizards wont get him anywhere near the second round of the play-offs, when he knows that he wont be the league scoring leader, thats a loss of control. Jordan does not care what we think. Friends say that he takes articles that tell him not to come back and tacks them al
18、l on his refrigerator as inspiration. So why bother writing something telling him not to come back? He is still Michael Jordan. SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 3 中国目前已经建成 1 9万公里公路。自 1990年以来，中国每年都要新增3700公里公路。到 2020年公路网将连接中国所有主要城市。中国公路总里程将仅次于美国，达到 55000公里。 高速公路网将带来深远的影响。城市带将形成；人们的生活方式将会发生
19、变化；枢纽城市的经济增长率将迅速上升，因为便利的交通条件将吸引更多的投资者。 许多国际开发商支持这种看法。世界银行和亚洲开发银行正用巨额贷款支持中国开展公路建设。它们认为公路建设对于缓解贫困至关重要。自上世纪末，亚洲开发银行已减少它在中国经 济发达的东部地区的公路投资，而将重点转向较为贫困的西部地区。 在公路建设中，中国也很重视支线公路建设，因为支线公路可以使小城镇充分利用附近干线公路建设带来的发展机遇。 4 长期以来西方人一直怀疑由草药制成的中成药是否有效。在过去的几年内，中国传统医药在世界范围内经历了严格的科学审查。 为证明和提高传统治疗方法的效益，中国大陆投入了巨资在这方面进行艰苦研究。
20、香港一直在努力使自己成为世界上传统中医研究的带头人。台湾也提出它将把自己建成一个中医技术中心。 传统中医药的研究工作在 亚洲以外地区的大学和其它机构也蓬勃开展。这些揭开传统医学秘密的研究工作可能会为中西医都大感头疼的疾病患者带来福音。 尽管在理论上中西医之间还存在着分歧，一些对中医药感兴趣的著名国际制药公司已开始在中国实施小规模的研究项目。一批新药已在亚洲各地接受试验。 笔译二级实务模拟试卷 32答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 【正确答案】 人类的进程一书的提纲初稿是 1969年 7月完成的，影片的最后一部分是 1972
21、年 12月拍摄的。像这样大的一个项目，虽然异常精彩，令人激动，却并不是轻易上马的。它要求我保持旺盛的脑力和体力，专心致志地投入工作。我还必须能持之以恒，并从中得到乐趣；比方说，我不得不停下已经开始的研究工作；我还应当说明一下，究竟是什么促使我承担这项工作的。 二十年来，科学的发展趋势发生了深刻的变化：关注的焦点已经从自然科学转移到生命科学。结果，便把科学越来越吸引到个体特性的研究。然而相关的观察者几乎没有认识到此事对于改变科学塑造的人的形象产生了多么深远的影响。我是一个研究数学的人，早先学的是物理学，若不 是中年有幸有几次机会涉足生命科学，我也不会对它有所认识。我应当感谢我交的好运，是它使我在
22、一生中参与了两个创新的科学领域。尽管我并不知道应该向谁表示感谢，我编写了人类的进程一书，以表示我的感激之情。 英国广播公司邀请我做的是通过一套电视节目来表现科学的发展过程，以与克拉克勋爵制作的关于文明的电视节目相匹配。通过电视来进行解说有几大好处：它有力、直观，能使观众身临其境或亲身参与所描述的过程，它的语言亲切，能使观众觉得他所看到的是人们的行动而不是事件。这些优点之中，我认为最后一点最为突出，它是一股最大 的动力促使我同意以电视散文的方式从个人的角度来讲述各种思想的发展史。重要的是知识总体，尤其是科学知识不是由抽象的思想构成的，而是由人的思想构成的，自有知识开始直到现代千奇百怪的模式莫不如
23、此。所以介绍打开自然界之门的基本思想，必须表现出它们很早就已产生，而且是产生在人类最纯朴的文化之中，产生于人类基本的、具体的感官之中。同时还必须表现出使种种思想形成越来越复杂的结合体的科学的发展也同样是人类的贡献：种种发现都是人们通过实践完成的，而不仅仅是他们头脑的产物，因此它们都是有生气的，而且具有个人的特色。如果电视未能 把这些思想表现得很具体，那岂不是浪费 ! 2 【正确答案】 不是因为我们害怕看到他会因失误而给他辉煌的生涯画上遗憾的一笔。从善意的角度说，我们想让迈克知道，我们仍然欣赏他，至少在我们的记忆中，他仍然是英雄。事实上，我们不想让他重返球场，即使他是迈克尔 .乔丹。我们觉得这是
24、个贸然之举，我们不想看到自信的商标蜕变成一种自负的象征。我们不想让他重返球场，因为没人喜欢卖弄。失误呢 ?那将会很有趣。 但是我们是有着 225年乐观历史的美国人，我们都是好心人。当乔丹几天前宣布他将在九月重返 NBA时，我们曾为 之一振。宣布的前一天，他说过： “我盼望能打球，并希望事情能如愿以偿。有些人怀疑，有些人紧张，都属正常。 ”时代周刊和美国有线新闻网上周做的一项民意调查表明，每两个美国人当中就有一个人希望乔丹尽快重返赛场。只有 2l的人们认为，如果他的重返导致一场彻底失败，将会损害他的传奇。事实上只有 28的人认为运动员应该在他的运动巅峰时期引退。 与乔丹关系密切的人告诉时代周刊，
25、当乔丹第一次谈到重返他与其他人共同拥有的华盛顿奇才队并为之效力时，一些他最信任的顾问试图私下打消他的愿望。 “但他们说，如果试图阻止 他，只能坚定他的决心， ”一位 NBA人士如是说。 乔丹复出所产生的问题不仅仅在于他不可能重现 1998年的神话，那一年，他以一个精彩的最后一秒投篮，使球队赢得了冠军，也为自己赢得了第六只金指环。问题是他重返的动机一他需要人们的关注，需要在 38岁体力不支时，仍然打球。这一切都有悖于他所创造的神话一一个展示绝对控制力的神话。如果说 20世纪的第一个球星巴比 .鲁斯是一个身材魁梧肥胖的鲁莽之夫和酒鬼天才，乔丹则证明了刚毅所能带来的优雅风度，并以此结束了 20世纪。
26、巴比对观众的颐指气使被乔丹无奈耸肩的魅力所取代。乔丹 代表着成功，因为他的名字没有被他的政治倾向、他的观点或是他的超级明星个性所玷污。乔丹迷就是典雅和自信迷。 明明知道加盟奇才队他将不可能进入联赛第二轮赛事，明明知道他将与联赛最佳投手无缘，他的重返赛场就是一种失控。 乔丹并不在乎我们在想什么。他的朋友说：他把所有奉劝他不要复出的文章都贴在冰箱上作为激励。那么，我们为什么还要喋喋不休地告诉他不要复出呢 ?他依然是迈克尔 .乔丹。 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 3 【正确答案】 Up to now, China has built 19,
27、 000 km of highways. Since 1990, some 3, 700 km of highways have been added each year. By 2020, highway networks will connect all major Chinese cities, and the total length of Chinas highways will be 55,000 km, second only to that of the United States. The impact of highway networks will be huge. Ur
28、ban belts will emerge; peoples lifestyles will change; and the economic growth rate of interchange cities will surge, as the convenient transportation facilities will attract more investors. Many international developers share this view. Both the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank are lending
29、 heavily to support Chinas road expansion. They believe highway construction is vital for poverty alleviation. Since the late 1990s, the Asian Development Bank has reduced its road investment in Chinas economically developed eastern areas and shifted its focus to the relatively poor western region.
30、During its highway construction, China pays great attention to the building of feeder roads, as they can help smaller towns make full use of the development opportunities brought about by the construction of nearby trunk highways. 4 【正确答案】 For a long time, Westerners have been skeptical about the ef
31、ficacy of Chinas patent drugs made of medicinal herbs. In the past few years, traditional Chinese medicine has been subject to rigorous scientific scrutiny worldwide. To prove and enhance the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinas mainland (the mainland of China) has poured huge amounts of
32、 money into hard research on this field. While Hong Kong has been endeavoring to make itself the world leader in research on traditional Chinese medicine, Taiwan has put forward a plan to transform itself into a traditional Chinese medicine technology center. Research into traditional cures is also
33、blossoming at universities and other institutions outside Asia. These efforts to unlock the secrets of traditional remedies could produce benefits for sufferers of diseases that have confounded both Western and traditional Chinese medicines. Although there are still differences between Western and traditional Chinese medicines in theory, some world-known pharmaceutical companies, taking interest in traditional Chinese medicine, have launched small research projects in China. A number of new medicines have already undergone trials across Asia.
