1、考博英语模拟试卷 106及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I feel sure that I have no _ but to report him to the local police. （ A） time （ B） chance （ C） authority （ D） alternative 2 Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often see
2、med to _ regret. （ A） teem with （ B） brim with （ C） come with （ D） look with 3 There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a _ future behind him. （ A） splendid （ B） conspicuous （ C） uproarious （ D） imminent 4 Tha
3、t tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only _ necessity. （ A） within reach of （ B） for fear of （ C） by means of （ D） in case of 5 A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it _ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a wo
4、rld that lies beyond. （ A） reflects （ B） retains （ C） rouses （ D） radiates 6 _ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8-10 minutes until most of the water has evaporated. （ A） Turn off （ B） Turn over （ C） Turn down （ D） Turn up 7 Banks shall be unable to _, or claim relief against the
5、 first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them. （ A） write off （ B） put aside （ C） shrink from （ D） come over 8 I am to inform you, that you may, if you wish, attend the inquiry, and at the inspectors discretion state your case _ or through an entrusted representative. （ A） in person （ B）
6、in depth （ C） in secret （ D） in excess 9 In his view, though Hong Kong has no direct cultural identity, local art is thriving by “being _,“ being open to all kinds of art. （ A） gratifying （ B） predominating （ C） excelling （ D） accommodating 10 In some countries preschool education in nursery schools
7、 or kindergartens _ the 1st grade. （ A） leads （ B） precedes （ C） forwards （ D） advances 11 Desert plants _ two categories according to the way they deal with the problem of surviving drought. （ A） break down （ B） fall into （ C） differ in （ D） refer to 12 In the airport, I could hear nothing except t
8、he roar of aircraft engines which _ all other sounds. （ A） dwarfed （ B） diminished （ C） drowned （ D） devastated 13 Criticism without suggesting areas of improvement is not _ and should be avoided if possible. （ A） constructive （ B） productive （ C） descriptive （ D） relative 14 The Committee pronounce
9、d four members expelled for failure to provide information in the _ of investigations. （ A） case （ B） chase （ C） cause （ D） course 15 Since neither side was ready to _ what was necessary for peace, hostility was resumed in 1980. （ A） precede （ B） recede （ C） concede （ D） intercede 16 (The auctioneer
10、) must know (fair) accurately the current (market values) of the goods he is (selling). （ A） The auctioneer （ B） fair （ C） market values （ D） selling 17 Children are (among) the most frequent victims of violent, (drug-related) crimes (that) have nothing (doing with) the cost of acquiring the drugs.
11、（ A） among （ B） drug-related （ C） that （ D） doing with 18 (A large collection) of contemporary photographs, (including) some taken by Mary (are) on display (at) the museum. （ A） A large collection （ B） including （ C） are （ D） at 19 There (is) much in our life (which) we do nor control (and we are) n
12、ot even responsible (for). （ A） is （ B） which （ C） and we are （ D） for 20 Capital (inflows) will also (tend to) increase the international value of the dollar, (make) it more difficult to sell the U. S. (exports). （ A） inflows （ B） tend to （ C） make （ D） exports 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 All anima
13、ls must rest, but do they really sleep as we know it? The answer to this question seems obvious. If an animal regularly stops its activities and stays quiet and unmoving - if it looks as though it is sleeping - then why not simply assume that it is in fact sleeping? But how can observers be sure tha
14、t an animal is sleeping? They can watch the animal and notice whether its eyes are open or closed, whether it is active or lying quietly, and whether it responds to light or sound. These factors are important clues, but they often are not enough. Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes
15、, and fish and snakes cannot close them. Yet this does not necessarily mean that they do not sleep. Have you ever seen a cat dozing with an eye partly open? Even humans have occasionally been observed to sleep with one or both eyes partially open. Animals do not necessarily lie down to sleep either.
16、 Elephants, for example, often sleep standing up, with their tusks resting in the fork of a tree. Finally, while “sleeping“ animals often seem unaware of changes in the sounds and light and other stimuli around them, that does not really prove they are sleeping either. Observations of animal behavio
17、r alone cannot fully answer the question of whether or not animals sleep. The answers come from doing experiments in “sleep laboratories“ using a machine called the electroencephalograph (EEC). The machine is connected to animals and measures their brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle act
18、ivity. The measurements are different when the animals appear to be sleeping than when they appear to be awake. Using the EEC, scientists have confirmed that all birds and mammals studied in laboratories do sleep. There is some evidence that reptiles, such as snakes and turtles, do not truly sleep,
19、although they do have periods of rest each day, in which they are quiet and unmoving. They also have discovered that some animals, like chimpanzees, cats, and moles (who live underground), are good sleepers while others, like sheep, goats, and donkeys, are poor sleepers. Interestingly, the good slee
20、pers are nearly all hunters with resting places that are safe from their enemies. Nearly all the poor sleepers are animals hunted by other animals: they must always be watching for enemies, even when they are resting. 21 According to the author, all animals _. （ A） spend some time resting （ B） close
21、 their eyes when sleeping （ C） are good sleepers （ D） are poor sleepers 22 The statement, “Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes“ aims to show that _. （ A） these animals rarely need any rest （ B） they almost always keep alert to danger （ C） they often stay awake （ D） their eyes are r
22、arely closed even when they are asleep 23 How can researchers in “sleep laboratories“ tell that the animals they are observing are asleep or not? （ A） They see if the animals respond to light and sound. （ B） They do this by observing changes in the animals brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and mu
23、scle activity. （ C） They see if the animals eyes are closed. （ D） They can tell this by seeing if the animals lie down or not. 24 According to the research findings mentioned in the passage, reptiles _. （ A） such as turtles and snakes cannot close their eyes （ B） cannot be studied with an EEC （ C） d
24、o not sleep in the true sense of the word （ D） do not need to rest 25 Animals that are good sleepers _. （ A） need to have a good sleep after they have exhausted themselves by getting rid of hunting animals （ B） need to have a good sleep after they get tired from hunting other animals （ C） are all ma
25、mmals （ D） almost always have a safe resting place 25 Analysts have had their go at humor, and I have read some of this interpretative literature, but without being greatly instructed. Humor can be dissected, as a frog can, but the thing dies in the process and the innards (内在部分 ) are discouraging t
26、o any but the pure scientific mind. In a newsreel theatre the other day I saw a picture of a man who had developed the soap bubble to a higher point than it had ever before reached. He had become the ace soap bubble blower of America, had perfected the business of blowing bubbles, refined it, double
27、d it, squared it, and had even worked himself up into a convenient lather. The effect was not pretty. Some of the bubbles were too big to be beautiful, and the blower was always jumping into them or out of them, or playing some sort of unattractive trick with them. It was, if anything, a rather repu
28、lsive sight. Humor is a little like that: it wont stand much blowing up, and it wont stand much poking. It has a certain fragility, an evasiveness, which one had best respect. Essentially, it is a complete mystery. A human frame convulsed with laughter, and the laughter becoming mysterious and uncon
29、trollable, is as far out of balance as one shaken with the hiccoughs or in the throes of a sneezing fit. One of the things commonly said about humorist is that they are really very sad people- clowns with a breaking heart. There is some truth in it, but it is badly stated. It would be more accurate,
30、 I think, to say that there is a deep vein of melancholy running through everyones life and that the humorist, perhaps more sensible of it than some others, compensates for it actively and positively. Humorists fatten on trouble. They have always made trouble pay. They struggle along with a good wil
31、l and endure pain cheerfully, knowing how well it till serve them in the sweet by and by. You find them wrestling with foreign languages, fighting folding ironing boards and swollen drainpipes, suffering the terrible discomfort of tight boot (or as Josh illings wittily called them, “tire boots“). Th
32、ey pour out their sorrows profitably, in a form hat is not quite a fiction nor quite a fact either. Beneath the sparking surface of these dilemmas lows the strong tide of human woe. Practically everyone is a manic depressive of sorts, with his up moments and his down moments, and you certainly dont
33、have to be a humorist to taste the sadness of situation and mood. But there is often a rather fine line between laughing and crying, and if a humorous piece of writing brings a person to the point where his emotional responses are untrustworthy and seem likely to break over into the opposite realm,
34、it is because humor, like poetry, has an extra content. It plays close to the bit hot fire which is Truth, and sometimes the reader feels. the heat. 26 In the first paragraph the author wants to say that _. （ A） just as scientists can dissect a frog, so analysts can dissect humor （ B） detailed, scie
35、ntific analysis is not appropriate for humor, for it may make humor lose its aesthetic value （ C） some peoples analysis of humor are too scientific （ D） analysts attempts at humor am not instructive enough to interest the author 27 The author uses the example of the soap bubble blower to show that _
36、. （ A） skill is required to produce humor （ B） neither too much exaggeration nor absolute explicitness is fit for humor （ C） people should perfect the art of humor just as the bubble blower does to the bubbles （ D） humor should make people frantic for a while 28 According to the author, humorists di
37、ffer from ordinary people in the sense that _. （ A） they give vent to their sorrows in a laughable way （ B） they have much trouble in their life and they are melancholy （ C） they are more sensible of the sadness of life and they endure and express the pain cheerfully （ D） they are mostly clowns with
38、 a breaking heart 29 A humorous piece of writing can make the readers emotional responses untrustworthy because _. （ A） it expresses the truth of the sadness of human life with a sparkling surface （ B） everyone has his happy moments and unhappy moments （ C） there is an obvious line between laughing
39、and crying （ D） it is like poetry, very rhythmic 30 The passages success lies in its extensive use of _. （ A） parallelism （ B） metaphors （ C） metonymy （ D） similes 30 The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its defin
40、ition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts). Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from ficti
41、on is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these
42、positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact statue of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion. The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be sat
43、isfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new inf
44、ormation. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is
45、 referred to as applied science. Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in application
46、 of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discoveries of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the mi
47、croscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied. 31 To define science we may simply call it
48、_. （ A） the study of unrelated subjects （ B） an attempt to explain natural phenomena （ C） the study of unrelated fields （ D） classified knowledge 32 Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, _. （ A） may lead to antiscientific, “impure“ results （ B） necessarily precedes applied scien
49、ce, leading to the discovery of a cell （ C） is not always as pure as we suppose （ D） necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell 33 A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call _ his approach. （ A） applied science （ B） agriculture science （ C） pure science （ D） environmental science 34 Which of the following statements does the author imply? （ A） Scientists engaged in theor
