1、考博英语模拟试卷 109及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Intelligence is the ability of a person _ clearly and logically. （ A） to think （ B） thinking （ C） thought （ D） being thought 2 From science courses students should _ a useful command of science concepts and principles. （ A） require （ B） acquire （ C） d
2、emand （ D） inquire 3 It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but you _ me such an expensive present. （ A） didnt need buying （ B） neednt buy （ C） neednt have bought （ D） hadnt needed to buy 4 The authorities are discouraging new _ who want to enter the country as there arent enou
3、gh jobs for them. （ A） passengers （ B） migrants （ C） immigrants （ D） emigrants 5 He always talks and behaves in a very _ way. （ A） respective （ B） respectable （ C） respectful （ D） respected 6 His failure to pass the exam was _ lack of effort. （ A） thanks to （ B） because （ C） due to （ D） in spite of
4、7 _ I love you, I cannot let you any more money. （ A） Much as （ B） Whether （ C） Also （ D） However 8 There are many forms of energy, _ is atomic energy. （ A） one of that （ B） one of whom （ C） which （ D） one of which 9 Hes like a _ child; he likes to get his own way. （ A） hurt （ B） spoiled （ C） damage
5、d （ D） harmed 10 I dont want to borrow the money, so I prefer to manage _. （ A） to （ B） with （ C） for （ D） without 11 Everyone who heard the story found it incredible. （ A） irresistible （ B） immaterial （ C） unbelievable （ D） nonsensical 12 Ultimately, the better team did not win the game. （ A） Event
6、ually （ B） Fortunately （ C） Occasionally （ D） Presumably 13 We know the couple were reluctant to have their daughter marry him. （ A） eager （ B） unwilling （ C） pleased （ D） disappointed 14 These machines have been idle for the past month. （ A） been troublesome （ B） been working well （ C） not been in
7、service （ D） not been running at all 15 Let me reiterate my point. （ A） repeat （ B） revise （ C） review （ D） report 16 Mr. Carson thought he was entitled to more assistance from the government. （ A） had received （ B） had a right to （ C） would obtain （ D） might apply for 17 Some observers thought the
8、war would be calamitous. （ A） marvelous （ B） tremendous （ C） hazardous （ D） disastrous 18 The Winfields are a quite conventional family. （ A） cheerful （ B） humorous （ C） ordinary （ D） well-known 19 The lawyer conceded that her statement was true. （ A） proved （ B） doubted （ C） denied （ D） admitted 20
9、 Is the Canadian dollar equivalent to the U. S. dollar? （ A） about the same in value as （ B） worth a bit more than （ C） very different in value from （ D） worth a bit less than 二、 Cloze 20 When we think about addiction to drugs or alcohol, we frequently focus on negative aspects, ignoring the pleasur
10、es that accompany drinking or drug-taking.【 21】the essence of any serious addiction is a pursuit of pleasure, a search for a “high“ that normal life does not【 22】 . It is only the inability to function【 23】 the addictive substance that is dismaying, the dependence of the organism upon a certain expe
11、rience and a(n)【 24】 inability to function normally without it. Thus a person will take two or three【 25】 at the end of the day not merely for the pleasure drinking provides, but also because he “doesnt feel【 26】 “ without them. 【 27】 does not merely pursue a pleasurable experience and need to【 28】
12、it in order to function normally. He needs to repeat it again and again. Something about that particular experience makes life without it【 29】 complete. Other potentially pleasurable experiences axe no longer possible,【 30】 under the spell of the addictive experience, his life is peculiarly【 31】 . T
13、he addict craves an experience and yet he is never really satisfied. The organism may be【 32】 sated, but soon it begins to crave again. Finally a serious addiction is【 33】 a harmless pursuit of pleasure by its distinctly destructive elements. A heroin addict, for instance, leads a【 34】 life: his inc
14、reasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from Working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways.【 35】 an alcoholics life is narrowed and dehumanized by his dependence on alcohol. （ A） Hence （ B） Because （ C） And yet （ D） Moreover （ A） supply （ B） resume （ C） acce
15、pt （ D） prevent （ A） except （ B） without （ C） with （ D） besides （ A） frustrating （ B） surprising （ C） unchanging （ D） increasing （ A） drugs （ B） drinks （ C） doses （ D） draughts （ A） normal （ B） content （ C） delighted （ D） spirited （ A） A drugtaker （ B） The addicted （ C） An addict （ D） The drugger （
16、A） perform （ B） make （ C） experience （ D） initiate （ A） other than （ B） rather than （ C） more than （ D） less than （ A） while （ B） thus （ C） even if （ D） for （ A） distorted （ B） rectified （ C） exaggerated （ D） improved （ A） eventually （ B） temporarily （ C） accordingly （ D） subsequently （ A） identical
17、 with （ B） consistent with （ C） divided from （ D） distinguished from （ A） destructive （ B） dissatisfied （ C） damaged （ D） derivative （ A） Similarly （ B） Conversely （ C） Naturally （ D） Generally 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 It took no time at all for the native Americans who first greeted Christopher
18、Columbus to be all but erased from the face of the earth. For about a thousand years the peaceful people known as the Taino had thrived in modern-day Cuba and many other islands. But less than 30 years after Columbus arrival, the Taino would be destroyed by Spanish weaponry, forced labor and Europea
19、n diseases. Unlike their distant cousins, the Inca, Aztecs and Maya, the Taino left no pyramids or temples no obvious signs that they had ever existed. But it is a mistake to assume as many scholars have until quite recently that the absence of abundant artifacts meant the Taino were necessarily mor
20、e primitive than the grander civilizations of Central and South America. They simply used less durable materials: the Taino relied on wood for building and most craftwork, and much of what they made has disintegrated over the centuries. However, thanks largely to two remarkable digs undertaken recen
21、tly, archaeologists will be able to enrich their knowledge of the Taino. There nearly intact remains of a Taino dwelling buried in the dirt. This site may have been one of the Tainos major centers. Meanwhile, deep in the forests of the Dominican Republic, a U. S.-Dominican team has also made an impo
22、rtant discovery: a 240-ft. deep Taino cenote, or ceremonial well, where hundreds of objects thrown in as offerings have been preserved in the oxygen-poor water. It will take a much longer time to understand the Taino fully, but they have been rescued from the ignoble status of footnotes in the chapt
23、er of history that began with the arrival of Columbus. 36 The main idea of Paragraph 1 is _. （ A） Christopher Columbus returned the Tainos greeting with cruelty （ B） the Europeans coming brought an end to the existence of the Taino （ C） the Taino once prosperous in modern-day Cuba now has no trace o
24、n earth （ D） Spanish weaponry would have crushed the Taino but for Columbus arrival 37 It is assumed the Taino had a comparatively low civilization mostly because _. （ A） the Taino had produced no written records （ B） the Taino had built no pyramids and temples （ C） there has been little wooden stru
25、cture the Taino relied on （ D） there has been few remains showing the life of the Tainos 38 Which statement is true concerning the Taino? （ A） They were enslaved by foreign invaders. （ B） They were more warlike than other Indians. （ C） They were the most short-lived of all the civilizations. （ D） Th
26、ey were buried deep in the dirt or oxygen-poor water. 39 What does the italicized word “ignoble“ (in the last sentence) probably mean? （ A） Unfortunate. （ B） Unsuccessful. （ C） Unpromising. （ D） Unworthy. 39 Already lasers can obliterate skin blemishes, topically applied drugs can smooth facial line
27、s and injected agents can remove deep wrinkles. Future products will be faster, better and longer lasting. “New substances will be developed by entrepreneurs,“ says Brian Mayou, an aesthetic plastic surgeon, “that will be more successful than liquid silicone that we use today to eradicate wrinkles.“
28、 The next major breakthrough, says Mel Braham, plastic surgeon and chief executive of the Harley Medical Group, will be laser treatment that needs no recovery period. Nicholas Lowe, clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Los Angeles, adds: “There will be more efficient anti-oxidants
29、to help reduce sun damage and aging. There will also be substances that increase the production of new collagen and elastic tissue to maintain the elasticity of youthful skin.“ Lee Shreider, a research cosmetic chemist, says that we may be able to look better without any kind of operation as semi-pe
30、rmanent make-up gets better. “Crooked noses will be improved by effectively sealing on shaded colors that either enhance or subdue areas of the face. We will be able to straighten eyebrows and lips making the face more metrical which remains one of the keys to beauty, and even close blocked pores wi
31、th permanent, custom-designed foundation.“ The development of the safe Sun tan is a potential gold mine. Being researched at the University of Arizona, but a long way from reality, is the injectable tan. Professor Lowe is optimistic: “There will almost certainly be a safe way of developing a sunless
32、 tan that protects against sun damage. In animal research, weve applied creams to guinea pigs that can actually turn on some of the genes that produce pigmentation without any sunlight exposure.“ 40 What is the main topic of the passage? （ A） Inventions in cosmetology （ B） New discovery in face-fill
33、ing. （ C） A bright future for facial make-up （ D） The development of beauty culture. 41 According to the passage, what has been used to remove deep wrinkles? （ A） Applied drugs. （ B） Liquid silicone. （ C） Laser treatment. （ D） Anti-oxidant. 42 Paragraph 4 suggests that one could improve effectively
34、ones appearance concerning the nose, eyebrows, lips, etc. by _. （ A） applying certain lotions （ B） having a beauty operation （ C） changing the face shape （ D） blocking several pores 43 As implied in the last paragraph, the injectable tan is being researched to meet the demand of the people who _. （
35、A） refuse to be exposed to the sun （ B） refuse to apply suntan creams （ C） want to get a tan for beauty （ D） want to try gene pigmentation 43 There are faults which age releases us from, and there are virtues which turn to vices with the lapse of years. The worst of these is thrift, which in early a
36、nd middle life is wisdom and duty to practice for a provision against destitution. As time goes on this virtue is apt to turn into the ugliest, cruelest, shabbiest of the vices. Then the victim of it finds himself storing past all probable need of saying for himself or those next him, m the deprivat
37、ion of the remoter kin of the race; In the earlier time when gain was symbolized by gold or silver, the miser had a sensual joy in the touch of his riches, in hearing the coins clink in their fall through his fingers, and in gloating upon their increase sensible m the hand and eye. Then the miser ha
38、d his place among the great figures of misdoing; he was of a dramatic effect, like a murderer or a robber; and something of this bad distinction clung to him even when his coins had changed to paper currency, the clean, white notes of the only English bank, or the greenbacks of our innumerable banks
39、 of issue; but when the sense of riches had been transmuted to the balance in his favor at his bankers, or the bonds in his drawer at the safety-deposit vault, all splendor had gone out of his vice. His bad eminence was gone, but he clung to the lust of gain which had ranked him with the picturesque
40、 wrong-doers, and which only ruin from without could save him from, unless he gave his remnant of strength to saving himself from it. Most aging men are sensible of all this, but few have the frankness of that aging man who once said that he who died rich died disgraced, and died the other day in th
41、e comparative poverty of fifty millions. 44 This short passage is mainly to tell that _. （ A） man becomes increasingly greedy when getting old （ B） a miser can be honest if he does no wrong act （ C） age can help convert some virtue into a vice （ D） misers all started from trying to be thrifty 45 Acc
42、ording to the passage, one is thought vicious when he _. （ A） gathers up money at the sacrifice of all his family members （ B） practices endless thrifty to guard his people from poverty （ C） stores continuously for his own and his relatives needs （ D） saves too much but wouldnt spend it for the nece
43、ssary 46 The italicized expression “gloating upon“ probably means _. （ A） thinking with slight guilt （ B） seeing with much satisfaction （ C） touching with great awe （ D） hearing with little delight 47 The passage implies that what could stop a miser from lusting for money might be _. （ A） his frankn
44、ess （ B） his eminence （ C） his death （ D） his glory 48 The words “in the comparative poverty of fifty millions“ at the end of the passage suggests a notion that _. （ A） stinginess may cause a very rich man to die very pitiful （ B） rich people may still take 50 million as comparatively little （ C） on
45、e remains discontent with all hes gained until his death （ D） the rich are inconsiderate of the majority that live in poverty 48 If a mother pushes her small son in a swing, giving only a light force each time he returns, eventually he will be swinging quite high. The child can do this for himself b
46、y using his legs to increase the motion, but both the mothers push and the childs leg movements must occur at the proper moment, or the extent of the swing will not increase. In physics, increasing the swing is increasing the amplitude; the length of the rope on the swing determines its natural osci
47、llation period. This ability of an object to move periodically or to vibrate when stimulated by a force operating in its natural period is called resonance. Resonance is observed many times without consciously thinking about it; for example, one may find an annoying vibration or shimmy in an automob
48、ile, caused by a loose engine mount vibrating with increasing amplitude because of an out-of-round tire. The bulge on the tire slaps the pavement with each revolution; at the natural resonance point of the engine mount, it will begin to vibrate. Such vibrations can result in considerable damage if a
49、llowed to persist. Another destructive example of resonance is the shattering of a crystal goblet by the production of a musical tone at the natural resonant point of the goblet. The energy of the sound waves causes vibration in the glass; as its amplitude increases, the motion in the glass exceeds the elasticity of the goblet, and it shatters. An instrument called a tachometer makes use of the principle of resonance. It consists of many tiny bars, loosely faste
