1、考博英语模拟试卷 125及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The university board of trustees deemed it urgent that a new provost _ to replace Mr. Dannison who had been diagnosed with cancer. （ A） be selected （ B） should be selected （ C） must be selected （ D） was selected 2 With prices _ so much, it is impossib
2、le for the company manager to stick to the original budget. （ A） waving （ B） swinging （ C） fluctuating （ D） vibrating 3 Edmund likes to drive at a speed _ the traffic limit. I wonder how he always manages to escape （ A） having exceeded, to be fined （ B） exceeded, having been fined （ C） to exceed, to
3、 fine （ D） exceeding, being fined 4 All the references she has obtained for her doctoral dissertation _ about twenty items. （ A） make up for （ B） add up to （ C） come up with （ D） put up with 5 Professor Jeffreys lecture on the recycling of waste paper and other garbage will show _ can still be impro
4、ved. （ A） that the municipal authorities have done （ B） how those the municipal authorities have done （ C） how what the municipal authorities have done （ D） that how the municipal authorities have done 6 Most insulation devices of this kind, _ manufactured for such purposes, are extremely expensive
5、to install. （ A） that are （ B） which is （ C） those are （ D） as are 7 The English vocabulary is known for a (an) _ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversations. （ A） multitude （ B） altitude （ C） latitude （ D） platitude 8 John Locke, the well-known 18th-century English thinke
6、r, emphasized experience as the _ condition for expansion of human knowledge. （ A） incompatible （ B） incredible （ C） indefinite （ D） indispensable 9 The examination has been cancelled. You _ all that review, after all. （ A） didnt need to do （ B） neednt do （ C） neednt have done （ D） neednt to do 10 T
7、he _ friend was exposed in the end to be hidden rival who had been plotting against the companys marketing in Hong Kong. （ A） professed （ B） announced （ C） exclaimed （ D） declared 11 The senator was made to digress time and again from the main point of his speech because of the red _ constantly _ by
8、 his opponents in the audience. （ A） tomatoes, thrown out （ B） herrings, brought up （ C） apples, put forward （ D） mullets, laid down 12 It is very plain that such a life as this is far more _ to health than that of the man who can afford little leisure for necessary rest in the course of the day. （
9、A） conductive （ B） constructive （ C） conciliate （ D） conducive 13 Contradictory to popular belief, recent surveys show that besides housewives, many college students are also _ to soap operas. （ A） appealed （ B） addicted （ C） adjusted （ D） attracted 14 He used to play badminton with you, _ ? （ A） di
10、dnt he （ B） used he （ C） did he （ D） hadnt he 15 I got a new battery for my recorder only last week, but it seems to have _ already. （ A） worn out （ B） run down （ C） knocked off （ D） gone off 16 To test his theory, the chemist _ an experiment. （ A） set up （ B） set out （ C） set forth （ D） set in 17 H
11、e likes to swim _. （ A） and playing football （ B） and he also likes playing football （ C） and to play football （ D） and he likes to play football 18 While watching television_. （ A） the telephone rang （ B） we heard the telephone ring （ C） we heard the telephone rang （ D） the telephone was rung 19 “D
12、o you mind _ ?“ “Go ahead. I dont mind.“ （ A） turning on the fan （ B） I turn on the fan （ C） if I turn on the fan （ D） to turn on the fan 20 When solid changes to liquid, it _ heat from all substances near it and this reduces the temperature surrounding it. （ A） takes in （ B） takes on （ C） takes off
13、 （ D） takes down 21 Laurels are valued for their aromatic oils and spices, edible fruits, and timber. （ A） blossoms （ B） leaves （ C） wood （ D） sap 22 The plays of Eugene ONeill, characterized by their unsettling questions and tumultuous struggles with fate, transformed the American theater. （ A） thr
14、illing （ B） troubling （ C） refreshing （ D） frightening 23 During the rainy season the Mississippi River may carry away hundreds of acres of valuable topsoil from one area and arbitrarily deposit it in another. （ A） subsequently （ B） lawfully （ C） mercilessly （ D） randomly 24 Hemp, a harsh, stiff fib
15、er, comes from a plant that grows in both hot and mild climates. （ A） sticky （ B） rigid （ C） dense （ D） woven 25 Teachers of young children should scrupulously avoid ridicule and sarcasm. （ A） theoretically （ B） naively （ C） diligently （ D） confidently 26 The two copper mining companies will be merg
16、ed soon so as to become more competitive at the world market. （ A） combined （ B） relayed （ C） reproached （ D） bankrupted 27 I need to see the foreign student adviser because my passport expires in a fortnight. （ A） will be over （ B） becomes invalid （ C） will be reversed （ D） becomes exhausted 28 We
17、have a firm belief that he will abide by his promise if he gives it to anyone. （ A） avenge （ B） stick to （ C） attribute to （ D） automate 29 As a result of his pioneering work in the late 1930s, Earl Hines has been called the father of modern jazz piano. （ A） professional （ B） artistic （ C） excellent
18、 （ D） original 30 Diamonds are usually cut to bring out their natural luster and to remove any flaws. （ A） germs （ B） shortcomings （ C） flakes （ D） defects 31 The night was so _ that not a sound could be heard. （ A） quiet （ B） beautiful （ C） dark （ D） dangerous 32 Although Alice had expected her par
19、ents to be worried by her long, unexplained absence, both her mother and father seemed quite _. （ A） unavailable （ B） undecided （ C） unworried （ D） unexpected 33 His _ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly. （ A） careful （ B） unr
20、eadable （ C） beautiful （ D） silent 34 When the letter from his wife arrived, he _ the contents carefully. Because she hadnt answered his question, he was angry and tossed the letter into the fire. （ A） destroyed （ B） wrote （ C） tore up （ D） read 35 After so many nights of _, Mrs. Constable decided t
21、hat she really must see a doctor. She could not continue to lie awake, night after night, worrying about her health. （ A） parties （ B） frightening dreams （ C） sleeplessness （ D） loneliness 36 The difference is so small as to be _. （ A） neglectful （ B） neglecting （ C） negligent （ D） negligible 37 Ind
22、ia is _ to China. （ A） contagious （ B） contiguous （ C） contingent （ D） contentious 38 A Laser beam can be turned into a _ weapon. （ A） deadly （ B） dead （ C） deadthly （ D） deadening 39 Mr Chen complained about the _ air-conditioner he bought from the company. （ A） inefficient （ B） defective （ C） inef
23、fective （ D） deficient 40 As a writer Walkter was very _. （ A） imaginary （ B） imagining （ C） imaginative （ D） imaginable 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacan
24、t“, although it does not offer anyone a job; and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted“, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job. “Contact us before writing application“, or “Make use of our long experience in prepari
25、ng your curriculum vitae, or job history“, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), wi
26、th the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right. There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams“, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for
27、their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained. Everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face a
28、nd intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest, It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you a
29、re looking for,“ was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that h
30、as led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae. 41 The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns _. （ A） informs job hunters of the opportunities available （ B） promises useful advice to those looking for employment （ C） divides available jobs into various types （ D
31、） informs employers that people are available for work 42 Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because _. （ A） there is lack of jobs available for artistic people （ B） there are so many top-level jobs available （ C） there are so many people out of work （ D） the job
32、 history is considered to be a work of art 43 In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would _. （ A） write an initial letter giving their life history （ B） pass some exams before applying for a job （ C） have no qualifications other than being able to read and write （ D） keep any detailed i
33、nformation until they obtained an interview 44 Later, as one went on to apply more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter _. （ A） something that would attract attention to ones application （ B） a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to join （ C） something that wou
34、ld offend the person reading it （ D） a lie that one could easily get with telling 45 The job history has become such an important document because _. （ A） there has been a decrease in the number of jobs advertised （ B） there has been an increase in the number of “qualified“ job hunters （ C） jobs are
35、 becoming much more complicated nowadays （ D） the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated 45 Pity those who aspire to put the initials PhD after their names. After 16 years of closely supervised education, prospective doctors of philosophy are left more or less alone to write the e
36、quivalent of a large book. Most social-science postgraduates have still not completed their theses by the time their grant runs out after three years. They must then get a job and finish in their spare time, which can often take a further three years. By then, most new doctors are sick to death of t
37、he narrowly defined subject, which has blighted their holidays and mined their evenings. The Economic and Social Research Council, which gives grants to postgraduate social scientists, wants to get better value for money by cutting short this agony. It would like to see faster completion rates: unti
38、l recently, only about 25 % of PhD candidates were finishing within four years. The ESRCs response has been to stop PhD grants to all institutions where the proportion taking less than four years is below 10%; in the first year of this policy the national average shot up to 39%. The ESRC feels vindi
39、cated in its toughness, and will progressively raise the threshold to 40% in two years. Unless completion rates improve further, this would exclude 55 out of 73 universities and polytechnics-including Oxford University, the London School of Economics and the London Business School. Predictably, howl
40、s of protest have come from the universities, who view the blacklisting of whole institutions as arbitrary and negative. They point out that many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their theses. Polytechnics wi
41、th as few as two PhD candidates complain that they are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance. The colleges say there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topics. The ESRC thin
42、ks it might not be a bad thing if PhD students were more modest in their aims. It would prefer to see more systematic teaching of research skills and fewer unrealistic expectations placed on young men and women who are undertaking their first piece of serious research. So in future its grants will b
43、e given only where it is convinced that students are being trained as researchers, rather than carrying out purely knowledge-based studies. The ESRC can not dictate the standard of thesis required by external examiners, or force departments to give graduates more teaching time. The most it can do is
44、 to try to persuade universities to change their ways. Recalcitrant professors should note that students want more research training and a less elaborate style of thesis, too. 46 By the time new doctors get a job and try to finish their theses in spare time _. （ A） most of them died of some sickness
45、 （ B） their holidays and evenings have been ruined by their jobs （ C） most of them are completely tired of the narrowly defined subject （ D） most of their grants run out 47 Oxford University would be excluded out of those universities that receive PhD grants from ESRC, because the completion rate of
46、 its PhD students theses within four years is lower than _. （ A） 25% （ B） 40% （ C） 39% （ D） 10% 48 All the following statements are the argument against ESRCs policy except _. （ A） all the institutions on the blacklist are arbitrary and negative （ B） there is no hard evidence to prove that faster co
47、mpletion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topics. （ C） many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their theses. （ D） some polytechnics are penalized by ra
48、ndom fluctuations in student performance. 49 The ESRC would prefer _. （ A） that the students were carrying out purely knowledge-based studies rather than being trained as researchers （ B） to see higher standards of PhD students theses and more ambitious doctoral topics （ C） more systematic teaching
49、of research skills to fewer unrealistic expectations placed on inexperienced young PhD students （ D） that PhD students were less modest in their aims 50 What the ESRC can do is to _. （ A） force departments to give graduates more teaching time （ B） try to persuade universities to change their ways （ C） dictate the standard of thesis required by external examiners （ D） note
