1、考博英语模拟试卷 174及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 My boss has always attended to the _ of important business himself. （ A） transaction （ B） solution （ C） translation （ D） stimulation 2 The government gets a(n) _ from taxes. （ A） income （ B） revenue （ C） fund （ D） payment 3 The Japanese dollar-buying
2、makes traders eager to _ dollars in fear of another government intervention. （ A） let in （ B） let out （ C） let go of （ D） let off 4 The response to our financial appeal _ anything we expected. （ A） surpassed （ B） impressed （ C） surprised （ D） passed 5 Most of his great novels and plays were not publ
3、ished or known to the public _ his tragic death in 1786. （ A） even before （ B） ever since （ C） until after （ D） until before 6 Mass production is _ only in an economy with a highly developed technology. （ A） feasible （ B） permissible （ C） allowable （ D） receivable 7 Those nations that interfere in t
4、he internal affairs of another nation should be _condemned. （ A） commonly （ B） actually （ C） uniquely （ D） universally 8 The government has decided to reduce a(n) _ on all imports. （ A） fee （ B） charge （ C） tariff （ D） expenditure 9 The newly-elected president is determined to _ the established poli
5、cy of developing agriculture. （ A） go for （ B） go on （ C） go by （ D） go up 10 As always, I had to fight the _ to take what she willingly offered. （ A） fascination （ B） attraction （ C） attention （ D） temptation 11 The thief tried to open the locked door but_. （ A） in no way （ B） in vain （ C） without
6、effect （ D） at a loss 12 This crop does not do well in soils _ the one for which it has been specially developed. （ A） outside （ B） other than （ C） beyond （ D） rather than 13 “You are very selfish. Its high time you _ that you are not the most important person in the world,“ Edgar said to his boss a
7、ngrily. （ A） realized （ B） have realized （ C） realize （ D） should realize 14 These two areas are similar _they both have a high rainfall during this season. （ A） to that （ B） besides that （ C） in that （ D） except that 15 The tomato juice left brown _ on the front of my jacket. （ A） spot （ B） point （
8、 C） track （ D） trace 16 Operations which left patients _ and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. （ A） exhausted （ B） abandoned （ C） injured （ D） deserted 17 I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived _Susan caught up with me. （ A） whe
9、n （ B） while （ C） until （ D） though 18 _ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experiment. （ A） Since （ B） For （ C） As （ D） With 19 The bed has been _ in the family. It was my great grandmothers originally. （ A） handed out （ B） handed over （ C） handed down （ D） handed round 2
10、0 Im very sorry to have _ you with so many questions on such an occasion. （ A） interfered （ B） offended （ C） impressed （ D） bothered 二、 Cloze 20 Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life【 21】 common to all animals. In a biological laboratory rats, monkeys, and
11、 humans seem very much the same. However, biological understanding is not enough:【 22】 itself, it can never tell us what human beings are.【 23】 to our physical equipment the naked human body-we are not an【 24】 animal. We are tropical creatures,【 25】 hairless and sensitive to cold. We are not fast an
12、d have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical【 26】 , our species seems a poor【 27】 for survival. But we have survived-survived and multiplied and【 28】 the earth. Some day we will have a【
13、 29】 living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things? Part of the answer is physical.【 30】 its limitations, our physical equipment has some important【 31】 . We have excellent vision and hands that can【 30
14、】 objects with a precision unmatched by any other【 33】 . Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost【 34】 number of neural【 35】 . （ A） processes （ B） acts （ C） modes （ D） procedures （ A） On （ B） With （ C） For （ D） By （ A） Stripped （ B） Pared （ C） Peeled （ D） Removed （ A） intelligent （ B）
15、impressive （ C） influential （ D） incentive （ A） barely （ B） hardly （ C） nearly （ D） scarcely （ A） meaning （ B） judgement （ C） perspective （ D） sense （ A） bet （ B） chance （ C） fact （ D） luck （ A） filled （ B） loaded （ C） stuffed （ D） scattered （ A） residence （ B） colony （ C） home （ D） empire （ A） Apar
16、t from （ B） With regard to （ C） With the exception of （ D） In spite of （ A） abilities （ B） potentials （ C） capabilities （ D） possibilities （ A） maneuver （ B） manage （ C） manipulate （ D） manufacture （ A） animal （ B） animals （ C） creatures （ D） creature （ A） infinite （ B） unknown （ C） boundless （ D） c
17、easeless （ A） connections （ B） relations （ C） activities （ D） accesses 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 Crossing Wesleyan universitys campus usually requires walking over colorful messages chalked on the ground. They can be as innocent as meeting announcements, but in a growing number of cases the langua
18、ge is meant to shock. Its not uncommon, for instance, to see lewd (淫荡的 ) references to professors sexual preferences scrawled across a path or the mention of the word Nig that African-American students say make them feel uncomfortable. In response, officials and students at schools are now debating
19、ways to lead their communities away from forms of expression that offend or harass (侵扰 ). In the process, theyre butting up against the difficulties of regulating speech at institutions that pride themselves on fostering open debate. Mr. Bennet of Wesleyan says he had gotten used to seeing occasiona
20、l chalkings filled with four-letter words. Campus tradition made any horizontal surface not attached to a building a potential billboard. But when chalkings began taking on a more threatening and lewd tone, Bennet decided to act. “This is not acceptable in a workplace and not acceptable in an instit
21、ution of higher learning,“ Bennet says. For now, Bonnet is seeking input about what kind of message-posting policy the school should adopt. The student assembly recently passed a resolution saying the “right to speech comes with implicit responsibilities to respect community standards.“ Other public
22、 universities have confronted problems this year while considering various ways of regulating where students can express themselves. At Harvard Law School, the recent controversy was more linked to the academic setting. Minority students there are seeking to curb what they consider harassing speech
23、in the wake of a series of incidents last spring. At a meeting held by the “Committee on Healthy Diversity“ last week, the schools Black Law Students Association endorsed a policy targeting discriminatory harassment. It would trigger a review by school officials if there were charges of “severe or p
24、ervasive conduct“ by students or faculty. The policy would cover harassment based on, but not limited to, factors such as race, religion, creed, sexual orientation, national origin, and ethnicity (种族划分 ). Boston attorney Harvey Silverglate, says other schools have adopted similar harassment policies
25、 that are actually speech codes, punishing students for raising certain ideas. “Restricting students from saying anything that would be perceived as very unpleasant by another student continues uninterrupted,“ says Silverglate, who attended the Harvard Law town meeting last week. 36 What is the typi
26、cal scene found in the campus of Wesleyan University? （ A） Pieces of chalk are scattered everywhere on the ground. （ B） There are some meeting announcements on the billboard. （ C） All kinds of messages are written on the paths. （ D） Some people are shocked by the meeting announcements. 37 From the p
27、assage we can see that _. （ A） officials and students are debating whether they should have free speech （ B） in the past decade, people did not have any freedom of speech （ C） some students are attacked politically as targets （ D） officials and students are discussing ways of avoiding offending mess
28、ages 38 Mr. Bennet _. （ A） has gotten used to seeing messages on the billboard （ B） thinks that it is not acceptable to have chalkings on the ground in an institution of higher learning （ C） is looking for a good policy which can guide the way of students message posting （ D） has decided to chalk so
29、me messages to fight against the harassing ones 39 The essential of the problem is to _. （ A） stick up for free speech （ B） cleanse the academic setting （ C） cut the throat of free speech （ D） please the minorities 40 What is the policy adopted by many schools after heated debating? （ A） It is for t
30、he universities to clamp down on speech concerning racist comments or other forms of inappropriate ideas. （ B） It is to teach students to 1earn how to express themselves more clearly. （ C） It is to give the minority groups the right to speak freely. （ D） It is to urge students to discuss problems co
31、ncerning race, religion, national origin and ethnicity. 40 To get from Kathmandu to the tiny village in Nepal, Dave Irvine-Halliday spent more than two days. When he arrived, he found villagers working and reading around battery-powered lamps equipped with light-emitting diodes, or LEDs-the same lam
32、ps he had left there in 2000. Irvine-Halliday, an American photonics engineer, was not surprised. He chose to use LED bulbs because they are rugged, portable, long-lived, and, extremely efficient. Each of his lamps produces a useful amount of illumination from just one watt of power. Villagers use t
33、hem about four hours each night, then top off the battery by pedaling a generator for half an hour. The cool, steady beam is a huge improvement over lamps still common in developing countries. In fact, LEDs have big advantages over familiar incandescent (白炽的 ) lights as well-so much so that Irvine-H
34、alliday expects LEDs will eventually take over from Thomas Edisons old lightbulb as the worlds main source of artificial illumination. The dawn of LEDs began about 40 years ago, but early LEDs produced red or green glows suitable mainly for displays in digital clocks and calculators. A decade ago, e
35、ngineers invented a semiconductor crystal made of an aluminum compound that produced a much brighter red light. Around the same time, a Japanese engineer developed the first practical blue LED. This small advance had a huge impact because blue, green, and red LEDs can be combined to create most of t
36、he colors of the rainbow, just as that in a color television picture. These days, high-intensity color LEDs are showing up everywhere such as the traffic lights. The reasons for the rapid switchover are simple. Incandescent bulbs have to be replaced annually, but LED traffic lights should last five
37、to yen years. LEDs also use 80 to 90 percent less electricity than the conventional signals they replace. Collectively, the new traffic lights save at least 400 million kilowatt-hours a year in the United States. Much bigger savings await if LEDs can supplant Mr. Edisons bulb at the office and in th
38、e living room. Creating a white-light LED that is energy-saving, cheap and appealing has proved a tough engineering challenge. But all the major lightbulb makers-including General Electric, Philips, and Osram-Sylvania-are teaming up with semiconductor manufacturers to make it happen. 41 From the fir
39、st paragraph, we can see that Dave Irvine-Halliday _. （ A） is a mountain climber （ B） went to that village to repair the lamps （ C） found the villagers were using the lamps he had given them （ D） has visited the small village several times 42 The author implies that villagers liked LED bulbs very mu
40、ch, because they _. （ A） were given by Irvine-Halliday （ B） are rugged （ C） are cheap （ D） are easily-recharged 43 What does Irvine-Haltiday think of LEDs? （ A） They are cool and steady, but rugged. （ B） They will replace Edisons lightbulbs someday. （ C） They are easily maintained. （ D） They are ver
41、y cheap. 44 Which of the following statements does not agree with the facts in the passage? （ A） The displays in digital clocks and calculators ape just produced by early LEDs. （ B） Irvine-Halliday believes that LED will certainly become the worlds main source of artificial light. （ C） A decade ago,
42、 engineers developed red and blue LEDs, which were regarded as a milestone in this research. （ D） It is the blue LED developed by a Japanese engineer that had a great impact on the research process. 45 The passage implies that _. （ A） LED bulbs are still expensive at present （ B） the task of making
43、LED the main source of artificial light is too difficult （ C） LED traffic lights are used everywhere in the world （ D） in order to fulfill the task of making LED the main light source, lightbulb makers have to work together with semiconductor manufacturers 45 Before high school teacher Kimberly Rugh
44、 got down to business at the start of a recent school week, she joked with her students about how shed had to clean cake out of the corners of her house after her 2-year-old sons birthday party. This friendly combination of chitchat took place not in front of a blackboard but in an E-mail message th
45、at Rugh sent to the 145 students shes teaching at the Florida Virtual School, one of the nations leading online high schools. The schools motto is “any time, any place, any path, any pace“. Floridas E-school attracts many students who need flexible scheduling, from young tennis stars and young music
46、ians to brothers Tobias and Tyler Heeb, who take turns working on the computer while helping out with their familys clam-farming business on Pine Island, off Floridas southwest coast. Home-schoolers also are well represented. Most students live in Florida, but 55 hail from West Virginia, where a sev
47、ere teacher shortage makes it hard for many students to take advanced classes. Seven kids from Texas and four from Shanghai round out the student body. The great majority of Florida Virtual Schooler- 80 percent are enrolled in regular Florida public or private high schools. Some are busy overachieve
48、rs. Others are retaking classes they barely passed the first time, The schools biggest challenge is making sure that students arent left to sink or swim on their own. After the school experienced a disappointing course completion rate of just 50 percent in its early years, Executive Director Julie Y
49、oung made a priority out of what she calls “relationship-building,“ asking teachers to stay in frequent E-mail and phone contact with their students. That personal touch has helped: The completion rate is now 80 percent. Critics of online classes say that while they may have a limited place, they are a poor substitute for the face-to-face contact and socialization that take place in brick-and-mortar classrooms. Despite opport
