1、考博英语模拟试卷 233及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Please put your empty cigarette packets and paper bags in the_bins provided. （ A） junk （ B） litter （ C） scrap （ D） deposit 2 Applied research,_to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and en
2、joyed. （ A） formulated （ B） undertaken （ C） attained （ D） accomplished 3 A completely new situation will_when the new examination system comes into existence. （ A） rise （ B） raise （ C） arise （ D） arouse 4 It was an allusion to what the scientist thought was an inappropriate distribution of funds for
3、 stem cell research. （ A） reference （ B） contradiction （ C） explanation （ D） rejection 5 She_scarlet fever when she was a baby and lost her eyesight. （ A） distorted （ B） contracted （ C） subtracted （ D） distracted 6 There is not a Greek word which is the exact _ of the English word stile. （ A） equiva
4、lent （ B） copy （ C） counterpart （ D） meaning 7 Industrial leaders are Worried lest new inventions make their plants unprofitable to operate; they therefore wish to protect themselves against possible _. （ A） depreciation （ B） obsolescence （ C） casualties （ D） bankruptcies 8 She had a shy, retiring s
5、ide to her personality that was completely at odds with her public_. （ A） persona （ B） tummy （ C） steppe （ D） rendezvous 9 The search for the lost ship must be _ because of poor weather. （ A） released （ B） resigned （ C） abandoned （ D） surrendered 10 As a psychotherapist with many patients in their 2
6、0 s, I can_the fact that not only do most of them not have any health insurance,but they also do not expect it as a condition of living in this country. （ A） attest to （ B） contribute to （ C） modify （ D） interdict 11 Desert plants_two categories according to the way they deal with the problem of sur
7、viving drought. （ A） break down （ B） fall into （ C） differ in （ D） refer to 12 Many network members had expressed an interest in the merger, as it will not only strengthen the network but also help to_ efforts. （ A） summon （ B） stimulate （ C） soar （ D） streamline 13 The passage supplies information
8、for answering which of the following questions? （ A） Why are projections of the effects of changes in water vapor levels on the climate so inaccurate? （ B） What are the steps in the process that takes place as CO2 absorbs long-wavelength radiation? （ C） How might our understanding of the greenhouse
9、effect be improved if the burning of fossil fuels were decreased? （ D） What might cause a series of regular increases and decreases in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere? 14 Samples of this article will be sent to you free _. （ A） of accord （ B） on request （ C） for payment （ D） in advance 15 Most p
10、eople spend far more of their leisure time with the mass media than in any other _. （ A） business （ B） occupation （ C） job （ D） profession 16 If a person talks about his weaknesses, the listener is expected to say something in the way of _. （ A） assurance （ B） encouragement （ C） persuasion （ D） conf
11、irmation 17 Once the price of the land has been _, we can go ahead to build the house. （ A） agreed on （ B） agreed to （ C） agreed at （ D） agreed with 18 He did not tell his parents because he knew they would try to change his mind but he _ in a colleague at work. （ A） involved （ B） joined （ C） engros
12、sed （ D） confided 19 _ students should be motivated by a keen interest in theatre and should have some familiarity with plays in production. （ A） realistic （ B） responsible （ C） ethnic （ D） prospective 20 When automation is introduced into the factory,all the work done by hand will_the assembly line
13、. （ A） give way to （ B） take the place of （ C） have a say in （ D） be contributed to 21 Cant you speak more _ to your parents? （ A） respectably （ B） respectingly （ C） respectively （ D） respectfully 22 It was their _ decision to leave their country, and as a result, they lost their citizenship. （ A） c
14、ompulsory （ B） deliberate （ C） carefree （ D） modest 23 Whenever anything _ happens, a crowd of people is certain to gather. （ A） famous （ B） sensational （ C） noted （ D） well-known 24 The actors have to _ before they appear in front of the strong lights on television. （ A） cover up （ B） make up （ C）
15、paint up （ D） do up 25 The _ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance. （ A） segregation （ B） specification （ C） spectrum （ D） subscription 26 He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk coherently. （
16、 A） honestly （ B） appropriately （ C） intelligibly （ D） flexibly 27 There was little, if any, evidence to substantiate the gossip and, , there was little to disprove it. （ A） by the same token （ B） under the same condition （ C） at the same stage （ D） for the same purpose 28 Mary was extremely lucky:
17、when her great-uncle died, she_a fortune. （ A） came by （ B） came over （ C） came into （ D） came through 29 Steve Ells has never _ advice he couldnt ignore, conventional wisdom he couldnt disregard, a rule he couldnt break. （ A） come across （ B） come up to （ C） come up against （ D） come around 30 The
18、experiment long proved that X-rays cannot_lead. （ A） provoke （ B） penetrate （ C） plunge （ D） perceive 二、 Cloze 30 For 【 C1】 _ the bloodshed and tragedy of D-Day, the beaches of Normandy will always evoke a certain 【 C2】 _ : a yearning for a time when nations in the civilized world buried their diffe
19、rences and combined to oppose absolute evil, when values seemed clearer and the terrible consequences of war stopped 【 C3】_ of the annihilation of humanity. But over half a century after the Allies hit those wave-battered sand flats and towering cliffs, the Normandy invasion stands as a feat 【 C4】 _
20、 to be repeated. There will never be 【 C5】 _ D-Day. Technology has changed the conditions of warfare in ways that none of the D-Day participants could have 【 C6】 _ . All-out war in the beginnings of this century would surely spell all-out 【 C7】 _ for the belligerents, and possibly for the entire hum
21、an race. No credible scenario for a future world war would allow time for the massive buildup of conventional forces that occurred in the 1940s. The moral equivalent of the Normandy invasion in the nuclear age would involve a presidential decision to put tens of millions of American lives at 【 C8】_
22、. And the possible benefits for the allies would be uncertain at best. European defense experts often ask whether the U.S. would be willing to “trade Pittsburgh for Dusseldorf“. In practice, the question may well be whether it is worth 【 C9】 _ American cities to avenge a Europe already 【 C10】 _ to r
23、ubble. 31 【 C1】 _ 32 【 C2】 _ 33 【 C3】 _ 34 【 C4】 _ 35 【 C5】 _ 36 【 C6】 _ 37 【 C7】 _ 38 【 C8】 _ 39 【 C9】 _ 40 【 C10】 _ 40 A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as
24、 sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it 【 C1】 _ of a book, and, if a parent can produce 【 C2】 _ in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they har
25、m the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the 【 C3】 _ , one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has an
26、d, 【 C4】 _ the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be Father a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children 【 C5】 _ dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard
27、 the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear 【 C6】 _ the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds 【 C7】 _ they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., d
28、o not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies 【 C8】 _ fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case 【 C9】 _ soun
29、d, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick 【 C10】 _ covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever beli
30、eved that it was. 41 【 C1】 _ 42 【 C2】 _ 43 【 C3】 _ 44 【 C4】 _ 45 【 C5】 _ 46 【 C6】 _ 47 【 C7】 _ 48 【 C8】 _ 49 【 C9】 _ 50 【 C10】 _ 50 Malnutrition and the resulting impaired growth and development in children of weaning age in developing countries results not only from 【 B1】 _ but also from infections
31、 caused by contaminated food. Studies have addressed the problem of inadequate intake by using sprouted grains in food preparation. Contamination has been tackled with 【 B2】 _ . Both of these methods are, or were, used traditionally and are practical and inexpensive. Fermented foods have higher 【 B3
32、】 _ and also have anti-microbial qualities. This means that contamination is decreased and that their 【 B4】 _ is increased. Fermentation occurs when 【 B5】 _ is left to stand, occasionally with simple additives. There is, however, a trend away from this 【 B6】_ to commercial products. 51 【 B1】 _ 52 【
33、B2】 _ 53 【 B3】 _ 54 【 B4】 _ 55 【 B5】 _ 56 【 B6】 _ 56 Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major【 C1】 _to consider the role of government. Government has a powerful【 C2】 _on the economy in at least four ways: Direct Services. The postal system,
34、for example, is a federal system【 C3】 _the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely, the construction and【 C4】 _of most highways the【 C5】 _of the individual states, and the public educational systems, despite a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily【
35、C6】 _for by country or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation【 C7】 _are also the responsibilities of local government. Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls .private【 C8】_in, many ways, for the【 C9】 _of assuring that business serves the best【 C10】 _of the
36、 people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a【 C11】 _, such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable 【 C12】 _， but limits their ability to raise prices【 C13】 _, since the public depends on their servic
37、es. Often control is【 C14】 _to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug administration bans harmful drugs, or requires standards of【 C15】 _in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct control. Stabilization and Growth. Bra
38、nches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board, attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust, of inflation and depression, by【 C16】 _tax rates, the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also【 C17】 _the economy through changes in the amount of publi
39、c spending by the government itself. Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to【 C18】 _and individuals. For example, tariffs【 C19】 _certain products to remain relatively free of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to【 C20】 _better
40、 with certain foreign goods. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical care for the aged and the indigent, and through social welfare system. 57 【 C1】 （ A） ec
41、onomy （ B） horror （ C） magnifier （ D） element 58 【 C2】 （ A） elevation （ B） emotion （ C） effect （ D） election 59 【 C3】 （ A） dripping （ B） serving （ C） diverging （ D） clamping 60 【 C4】 （ A） clearance （ B） combustion （ C） commence （ D） maintenance 61 【 C5】 （ A） commonplace （ B） responsibility （ C） cond
42、uctivity （ D） consequence 62 【 C6】 （ A） consoled （ B） compacted （ C） paid （ D） bracketed 63 【 C7】 （ A） services （ B） boycotts （ C） budgets （ D） charters 64 【 C8】 （ A） banquet （ B） boom （ C） arena （ D） enterprise 65 【 C9】 （ A） assertion （ B） purpose （ C） asset （ D） assumption 66 【 C10】 （ A） admiratio
43、n （ B） interests （ C） adoption （ D） accuracy 67 【 C11】 （ A） monopoly （ B） acceptance （ C） abolition （ D） morality 68 【 C12】 （ A） proximity （ B） blend （ C） breast （ D） profit 69 【 C13】 （ A） fairly （ B） unfairly （ C） friendly （ D） unnecessarily 70 【 C14】 （ A） exercised （ B） broadened （ C） bankrupted （
44、 D） exemplified 71 【 C15】 （ A） faculty （ B） quantity （ C） quality （ D） fragment 72 【 C16】 （ A） applauding （ B） assessing （ C） ascending （ D） adjusting 73 【 C17】 （ A） affect （ B） accommodate （ C） adhere （ D） affirm 74 【 C18】 （ A） beverage （ B） businesses （ C） bondage （ D） botany 75 【 C19】 （ A） perple
45、x （ B） permit （ C） perturb （ D） plunder 76 【 C20】 （ A） compensate （ B） confront （ C） console （ D） compete 76 Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,【 21】 into a hobby and lately has【 22】 into a full-time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph
46、. D candidates【 23】 Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in April 1994 as a way to keep【 24】 of their personal interest on the internet. Before long they【 25】 that their home-brewed lists were becoming too long and【 26】 . Gradually they began to spend more and more time
47、 on Yahoo. During 1994, they【 27】 yahoo into a customized database designed to【 28】 the needs of the thousands of users【 29】 began to use the service through the closely【 30】Internet community. They developed customized software to help them【 31】 locate, identify and edit material【 32】 on the Intern
48、et. The name Yahoo is【 33】 to stand for “Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle“, but Filo and Yang insist they selected the【 34】 because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo itself first【 35】 on Yangs workstation, “akebono“, while the search engine was【 36】 on Filos computer, “Konishiki“. In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California
