1、考博英语模拟试卷 242及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The intellectually_enterprise of science depends on free communication. （ A） depressing （ B） depressed （ C） exhilarating （ D） exhilarated 2 He was in extreme state of distress and depression when he knew that he had _ lung cancer. （ A） extracted （ B）
2、contracted （ C） abstracted （ D） attracted 3 The captain performs his duties with great_and all the crew believed that they can get over the storm. （ A） affection （ B） suspicion （ C） assurance （ D） definition 4 Americans are highly_, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with
3、others. （ A） moving （ B） mobile （ C） movable （ D） motional 5 The meeting was _ over by the mayor of the city. （ A） presumed （ B） proposed （ C） presented （ D） presided 6 In 1816, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Northern Europe_Europe into a bloody war. （ A） imposed （ B） plunged
4、（ C） pitched （ D） inserted 7 As a result of his pioneering work in the late 1930s, Earl Hines has been called the father of modern jazz piano. （ A） professional （ B） artistic （ C） excellent （ D） original 8 _ enables us to know the past and to use it in preparing for the future. （ A） Beauty （ B） Trut
5、h （ C） Language （ D） Thought 9 The majority of the observers at the conference, in contradiction to the delegates, were opposed to ratification. （ A） adjournment （ B） distribution （ C） tabling （ D） approval 10 The old couple were not rich themselves, but they hated to turn away anyone who were _food
6、 and shelter. （ A） at the mercy of （ B） on the point of （ C） with the exception of （ D） in need of 11 The thief tried to open the locked door but_. （ A） in no way （ B） in vain （ C） without effect （ D） at a loss 12 I didnt need any specific medical input or _ control, although I was in a mess physica
7、lly and I did need to rest, relax, and recharge myself. （ A） symptom （ B） surface （ C） treatment （ D） synthesis 13 Not until actually faced with water scarcity_appreciate the value of water to a region. （ A） one can （ B） one can not （ C） can one （ D） can not one 14 Japan has _ its steps towards putt
8、ing into effect an international treaty banning chemical weapons. （ A） hurried （ B） bustled （ C） accelerated （ D） rushed 15 The old gentle man _ to be an old friend of his grandfathers. （ A） turned in （ B） turned over （ C） turned up （ D） turned out 16 In this age, education is considered an importan
9、t key to success and minority groups especially are _ to better themselves by going to college. （ A） encouraging （ B） persuading （ C） persisting （ D） striving 17 He is_drinker,who has been imbibing for so long that he has figuratively speaking,grown old with the vice. （ A） an inveterate （ B） an inco
10、rrigible （ C） a chronic （ D） an unconscionable 18 Mary was extremely lucky:when her great-uncle died,she_a fortune. （ A） came by （ B） came over （ C） came into （ D） came through 19 I cannot give you _ for the type of car you sell because there is no demand for it in the market. （ A） an expense （ B） a
11、 charge （ C） a purchase （ D） an order 20 According to the international regulation, the playing of the national anthem _ all sports events. （ A） tepels （ B） remarks （ C） precedes （ D） requires 21 Trivial breaches of regulations we can pass over, but more serious ones will have to be investigated. （
12、A） exceed （ B） wither （ C） overpass （ D） neglect 22 These examples show that openness and the ability to change brings couples a giant step closer to the marital harmony they _ . （ A） request （ B） negotiate （ C） crave （ D） detest 23 Language, culture, and personality may be considered _ of each othe
13、r in thought, but they are inseparable in fact. （ A） indistinctly （ B） separately （ C） irrelevantly （ D） independently 24 The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she _ from heat stroke. （ A） passed away （ B） passed off （ C） passed out （ D） passed by 25 Her spirits _ at the though
14、t of all the work she had to do that morning. （ A） sagged （ B） passed off （ C） saddled （ D） scored 26 The professor found himself constantly_the question: “How could anyone do these things?“ （ A） poring （ B） pondering （ C） presiding （ D） presuming 27 Time_, the celebration will be held as scheduled.
15、 （ A） permit （ B） permitting （ C） permitted （ D） permits 28 Miss Black, all heir to a large fortune, is serving a life term. （ A） sentence （ B） conviction （ C） duty （ D） office 29 The scheme was so impracticable that I refused even _ （ A） to consider supporting it （ B） considering to support it （ C）
16、 to considering to support it （ D） considering supporting it 30 They _for an early end to the fighting which had brought about a great loss to the city. （ A） petitioned （ B） reasoned （ C） reckoned （ D） rebuked 二、 Cloze 30 In Microsofts latest attempt to reach out to bloggers, the company recently ga
17、ve away expensive laptops loaded【 C1】 _its new Windows Vista operating system. But the gifts generated controversy as well as good【 C2】 _.with some bloggers accusing Microsoft of bribery and their peers【 C3】 _ unethical behavior. Several bloggers reported last week that they had received Acer Ferrar
18、i laptops, which can sell【 C4】 more than $ 2,200, from Microsoft. A spokeswoman for Microsoft confirmed Friday that the【 C5】 _had sent out about 90 computers to bloggers【 C6】 _wrote about technology and other subjects that could be【 C7】 _by the new operating system, like photography and, oddly, pare
19、nting. But while those on Microsofts mailing list initially greeted the machines with enthusiasm, many【 C8】 bloggers soon objected-not because they had been left off the list but, they said, because bloggers are bound by the【 C9】 _rules as traditional journalists, who should not accept【 C10】 _gifts
20、from companies they cover. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 40 Even before he is 80,the aging person may undergo another identity crisis like that of adolescence. Perhaps there had also been a middle-aged crisis. But for the rest of adult lif
21、e he had taken himself for【 C1】 _,with his capabilities and failings. Now,when he looks in the mirror, he asks himself, “Is this really me? “or he avoids the mirror out of distress at【 C2】 _it reveals,those bags and wrinkles. In his new makeup he is【 C3】 _upon to play a new role in a play that must
22、be improvised. Andre Gibe,that longlived man of letters,wrote in his journal,“My heart has remained so young that I have the continual feeling of playing a part,the part of the 70-year-old that I certainly am;and the infirmities and weaknesses that remind me of my acre act like a prompter,reminding
23、me of my lines when I tend to stray. Then,like the good actor I want to 【 C4】 _,go back into my role,and I pride【 C5】 _on playing it well.“ In his new role the old person will find that he is tempted by new vices,that he receives new compensations (not so widely known)and that he may possibly achiev
24、e new virtues. Chief among these is the heroic or merely obstinate refusal to surrender in the【 C6】_of time. One admires the ships that go down with all flags【 C7】 _and the captain on the bridge. Among the vices of age are avarice,untidiness,and vanity,which last takes the form of a craving to be lo
25、ved or simply admired. Avarice is the worst of those three. Why do so many old persons,men and women【 C8】 _, insist on hoarding money when they have no prospect of using it and even when they have no heirs? They eat the cheapest food,buy no clothes,and live in a single room when they could afford be
26、tter lodging. It may be that they regard money as a form of powenthere is a comfort in watching it accumulate while other powers are dwindling【 C9】 _. How often we read of an old person found dead in a hovel,on a mattress partly stuffed【 C10】 _bankbooks and stock certificates? The bankbook syndrome,
27、we call it in our family,which has never succumbed. 41 【 C1】 42 【 C2】 43 【 C3】 44 【 C4】 45 【 C5】 46 【 C6】 47 【 C7】 48 【 C8】 49 【 C9】 50 【 C10】 50 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much ha
28、d happened【 21】 . As was discussed before, it was not【 22】 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【 23】 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【 24】 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution【 25】 up, begin
29、ning with transport, the railway, and leading【 26】 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【 27】 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in【 28】 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized,【 29】 , that the introduct
30、ion of the computer in the early 20th century,【 30】 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【 31】 its impact on the media was not immediately【 32】 . As time were by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too. as well
31、 as【 33】 , with display becoming sharper and storage【 34】 increasing. They were thought of, like people,【 35】 generations, with the distance between generations much smaller. It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the context within whi
32、ch we now live. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathered （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） picked （ A） on （ B） out （ C） over （ D） off （ A） of （ B）
33、for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （ C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B） since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A） apparent （ B） desirable （ C） negative （ D） plausible
34、 （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with 65 Americas Federal Reserve cut interest rates by another quarter-point, to 3.75%. Wall Street, which
35、had been【 C1】 _for a sixth half-point cut, was disappointed. The Dow fell by 2%【 C2】 _the week. The past weeks economic statistics gave mixed signals. Exports dropped by 2% in both March and April, largely【 C3】 _a decline in high-tech investment【 C4】 _;the merchandise-trade【 C5】_widened to $ 458 bil
36、lion in the 12 months【 C6】 _April. 【 C7】 _, the Conference Boards index of consumer confidence was higher than【 C8】 _in June. Concerns【 C9】 _inflation in the Euro area【 C10】 _. Preliminary data【 C11】 _that German consumer price inflation fell to 3. l%in the year to June, from 3.5% in May; wage growt
37、h【 C12】 _to 1.4% in April, a real pay cut of 1.5%. Some economists fear that Germany is on the【 C13】 _of recessioa The IFO index of business confidence dropped more 【 C14】 _than expected in May, and the institute has cut its forecast of GDP【 C15】 _this year to only 1.2% , well below the German gover
38、nments forecast of 2%. 66 【 C7】 66 How awful it would be to be a celebrity, always in the public eyes, Celebrities lead very. stressful lives, no matter【 51】 glamorous or powerful they are, they have too little privacy, too【 52】 pressure, and no safety. 【 53】 . one thing, celebrities dont have the p
39、rivacy an ordinary person has. The most personal details of their lives are splashed all over the front pages of newspapers and magazines. 【 54】 a celebritys family is hauled into the spotlight. Photographers hound celebrities at their homes, in restaurants, and【 55】 the streets, hoping to get a pic
40、ture of their idols. When celebrities try to do the things that normal people do, like eat【 56】 or attend a football game, they 【 57】 the risk of being interrupted by thoughtless autograph hounds or mobbed by aggressive fans. 【 58】 addition to the loss of privacy, celebrities must cope【 59】 the cons
41、tant pressure of having to look great and act right. Their physical appearance is always【 60】observation, Famous women, especially,【 61】 from the spotlight, drawing remarks like “She really looks old“ or “Boy, has she put on weight“. Unflattering pictures of celebrities are photographers prizes to b
42、e sold to the highest bidder; this increases the pressure on celebrities to look good【 62】 all times. Famous people are also under pressure to act calm under any【 63】 . Because they are constantly observed, they have【 64】 freedom to blow off steam or to do something just a little crazy. Most importa
43、nt, celebrities must deal with the stress of being in constant danger. The friendly grabs, hugs, and kisses of enthusiastic fans can quickly turn into uncontrolled assaults on a celebritys hair, clothes, and car. Most people agree that photographers【 65】 some responsibility for the death of one of t
44、he leading celebrities of the 1990sPrincess Diana.【 66】 or not their pursuit caused the crash that took her life, it % clear she was chased as aggressively as any escaped convict【 67】 bloodhounds. And celebrity can even lead to deliberately lethal attacks. The attempt to kill Ronald Reagan and the m
45、urder of John Lennon came about because 2 unbalanced people became obsessed with these world-famous figures. Famous people must live with the fact that they are always fair gameand never【 68】out of season, Some people【 69】 of starring roles, their names in lights, and their picture on the cover of P
46、eople magazine. But the cost is far too high. A famous person gives up private life, feels pressured to look and act certain ways all the time, and is never completely safe. And ordinary, calm life is far safer and saner【 70】 a life of fame. 三、 Reading Comprehension 86 During the second half of the
47、nineteenth century, in the United States, both the stimulus to produce landscape art and the subject of landscape altered appreciably as the pressure of events surrounding the Civil War witnessed the emergence of a new national consciousness. It was a time when certain fundamental religious beliefs
48、were assaulted by new scientific theory and when new critical writing, particularly those of John Ruskin, exercised an important influence on art. The landscape painting from the Ganz collection provide an opportunity to examine the shifts in taste and the pluralities of style that characterized American landscape painting, especially in the latter part of the century. In the early years of the nineteenth century American landscape was closely associated with the republican ideals of the new nation and took on significance in the popular imagination as a form of national propagand
