1、考博英语模拟试卷 261及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The drug store at the corner of our street sells aspirins and_penicillin prescriptions. （ A） dispenses （ B） disposes （ C） disperses （ D） dispatches 2 Big businesses enjoy certain_that smaller ones do not have. （ A） transactions （ B） privileges （ C） su
2、bsidies （ D） substitutes 3 Running can strengthen your heart and muscles, but ,it can damage your knee joints and the bones in your feet. （ A） previously （ B） formerly （ C） conversely （ D） literally 4 Those who let uncertainty _ rarely achieve much. （ A） turn them down （ B） send them down （ C） weigh
3、 them down （ D） huddle down 5 Four members walked out of the session, with the result that the committee did not have a _and would not take any decisions. （ A） babe （ B） backbone （ C） quorum （ D） apartheid 6 He came back later, _ which time they had left. （ A） after （ B） by （ C） from （ D） for 7 Many
4、 pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _ . （ A） bruises （ B） blunders （ C） handicaps （ D） drawbacks 8 Mary s departure _with Tom s return. （ A） complied （ B） retarded （ C） coincided （ D） collaborated 9 5._in their island community, the various tri
5、bes used languages which became more and more similar to each others. （ A） Managed （ B） Shrunk （ C） Assumed （ D） Isolated 10 David _ his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. （ A） attributed （ B） contributed （ C） acknowledged （ D） pledged 11 The government a
6、greed to _ 1,000 refugees. （ A） accommodate （ B） elucidate （ C） liquidate （ D） vindicate 12 The Committee pronounced four members expelled for failure to provide information in the _ of investigations. （ A） case （ B） chase （ C） cause （ D） course 13 This is an ideal site for a university _ it is far
7、from the downtown area. （ A） provided that （ B） now that （ C） so that （ D） in that 14 (See to it) that the lady (got) what she (wants) and (return to) her hometown safely. （ A） See to it （ B） got （ C） wants （ D） return to 15 Members of parliament are _ by the people. （ A） voted （ B） elected （ C） nom
8、inated （ D） represented 16 To his cosmopolitan mind such deviations from the social _ were no more than are the irregularities of vale and mountain-chain to the whole terrestrial curve. （ A） norm （ B） criterion （ C） measure （ D） standard 17 Many reported that the general military message they receiv
9、ed was that, as nurses, they were expected to be _ strong. （ A） empirically （ B） emotionally （ C） emulously （ D） eminently 18 Dreams are _ in themselves, but, when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer. （ A） uninformative （ B） startling （ C） harmless （ D） uncontrollable 1
10、9 Even when textbooks are _ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly. （ A） commonplace （ B） standardized （ C） competitive （ D） generalized 20 To fund the_event and also promote the marketing value of the National Games, the organizing committee set up the Marketing Development D
11、epartment (MDD). （ A） beneficent （ B） expensive （ C） costly （ D） luxurious 21 The Flower Market in San Francisco is _, and it was established in the 1930s. （ A） home of the second largest flower market in the country （ B） home to the countrys second largest flower market （ C） the second flower marke
12、t in the countrys home （ D） the home to the second countrys large flower market 22 I reject any religious doctrine that does not _ to reason and is in conflict with morality. （ A） apply （ B） appeal （ C） attract （ D） attend 23 In order to earn stronger support, the candidate claimed that the new law
13、would al- low more women and disabled people to enter the _ of American life. （ A） society （ B） artery （ C） center （ D） mainstream 24 Walking is excellent for working_tension. （ A） out （ B） away （ C） down （ D） off 25 My grandpa gave me a watch, which is made of gold, _I keep to this day. （ A） and th
14、us （ B） and （ C） so （ D） and which 26 Kelly fought depression, her sister struggled against violent tendencies, and their only physical touches theyd ever known from their parents were abusive. （ A） cordial （ B） fastidious （ C） sadistic （ D） absurd 27 Although it is only a small business, its_is sur
15、prisingly high. （ A） turn-up （ B） turn-over （ C） turn-about （ D） turn-out 28 Although the government still enjoys a high level of public support, the crime problem has stirred political_and suspicions. （ A） substance （ B） antagonisms （ C） dimension （ D） possession 29 Moshe Katzma, 24, denied any_wit
16、h the beating given to the homeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office. （ A） involvement （ B） admission （ C） isolation （ D） access 30 These early clocks, operated by weights, were not particularly accurate, and it was not until the sixteenth century_. （ A） any great reliabilit
17、y attained it （ B） then attained any great reliability （ C） that any great reliability was attained （ D） when any great reliability attained 二、 Cloze 30 The amazing success of humans as a【 1】 is the result of the evolutionary development of our brains which has led, among other things, to tool-using
18、, tool-making, the【 2】 to solve problems by logical reasoning, thoughtful cooperation, and language. One of the most striking ways in which chimpanzees biologically【 3】 humans【 4】 in structure of their brains. The chimpanzee, with the capacity for【 5】 reasoning,【 6】 a type of intelligence more like
19、that of humans than【 7】 any other mammal living today. The brain of the modern chimpanzee is probably not too dissimilar【 8】 the brain that so many millions of years ago【 9】 the behavior of the first ape man. For a long time, the fact that prehistoric people made【 10】 was considered to be one of the
20、 major【 11】 distinguishing them from other creatures.【 12】 pointed out earlier, I have watched chimpanzees【 13】 grass stems in order to use them to probe for termites. It is true that the chimpanzee does not【 14】 tools to “a regular and set pattern“ but then,【 15】 people, before their development of
21、 stone tools, undoubtedly poked around【 16】 sticks, and straws, at which stage it seems【 17】 that they made tools to a set pattern either. It is because of the close【 18】 in most peoples minds of tools with humans【 19】special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as
22、 a tool: but it is important to realize that this ability, on its own, does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature【 20】 （ A） species （ B） specie （ C） speciman （ D） specimen （ A） competence （ B） ability （ C） quality （ D） skill （ A） resemble （ B） correspond （ C） approach （ D
23、） follow （ A） remains （ B） lies （ C） rests （ D） situates （ A） prehistorical （ B） easy （ C） primitive （ D） early （ A） means （ B） exhibits （ C） shows off （ D） implies （ A） can （ B） will （ C） do （ D） does （ A） to （ B） with （ C） like （ D） for （ A） ordered （ B） led （ C） showed （ D） directed （ A） clothes
24、（ B） tools （ C） foods （ D） living （ A） criterion （ B） criteria （ C） standard （ D） level （ A） As （ B） Since （ C） If （ D） When （ A） modify （ B） transform （ C） convert （ D） transfigure （ A） fashion （ B） form （ C） invent （ D） produce （ A） old （ B） prehistoric （ C） modern （ D） ancient （ A） to （ B） of （ C
25、） for （ D） with （ A） likely （ B） unlikely （ C） possible （ D） probable （ A） imagination （ B） association （ C） relation （ D） comparison （ A） which （ B） that （ C） what （ D） where （ A） concern （ B） concerned （ C） concerning （ D） to concern 50 What attracts customers? Obviously the quality of a product d
26、oes, but visual images【 61】 a great deal. It is not only the image provided by the packaging that【 62】but the whole corporate【 63】 of the company. There are now many products and services on the market which are similar in content【 64】 produced by different companies. It is vital, therefore, for a c
27、ompany to【 65】 itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately【 66】 . Logos are part of this image. They are【 67】 which often include a name or initials to identify a company. The logo establishes a【 68】 identity for the company, just as different groups of young pe
28、ople express their identity through hairstyles and clothes. All groups from all cultures and【 69】 the ages have used colors and symbols to show their identity. In different cultures, different colors【 70】 different meanings. Some colors may be connected with coldness in one culture and with【 71】 in
29、another: some colors represent【 72】 in one culture but death in another. International companies have,【 73】 , to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood or misinterpreted in different countries. Many companies have, over the years,【 74】 their logos to fit in with contemporary design and
30、 to present more powerful images. Company logos can be emotive and can【 75】 loyalty by【 76】 the instinct. Some logos【 77】 an idea of the product, and a case in point is the steering wheel in the Mercedes logo. Logos are used on letterheads, packaging and【 78】 as well as on the product itself. They m
31、ay also appear in newspapers or on television as part of an advertising【 79】 . Companies need to have a strong corporate identity. The logo helps to promote this image and to fix it in the minds of the【 80】 . Logos, therefore, need to be original and to have impact and style. （ A） attribute （ B） con
32、tribute （ C） devote （ D） attract （ A） concerns （ B） involves （ C） counts （ D） means （ A） features （ B） quality （ C） identity （ D） status （ A） instead （ B） and （ C） though （ D） as （ A） exist （ B） isolate （ C） hold （ D） distinguish （ A） observable （ B） differentiable （ C） recognizable （ D） accountable
33、 （ A） symbols （ B） signs （ C） signals （ D） indications （ A） visible （ B） visual （ C） brief （ D） explicit （ A） in （ B） throughout （ C） for （ D） between （ A） contain （ B） carry （ C） predominate （ D） convey （ A） mildness （ B） consolation （ C） affection （ D） warmth （ A） life （ B） love （ C） live （ D） ali
34、ve （ A） otherwise （ B） still （ C） therefore （ D） additionally （ A） continued （ B） kept （ C） changed （ D） refreshed （ A） promote （ B） inspire （ C） prompt （ D） stir （ A） regarding （ B） impressing （ C） influencing （ D） effecting （ A） combine （ B） collaborate （ C） incorporate （ D） blend （ A） covers （ B）
35、 brochures （ C） contents （ D） volumes （ A） movement （ B） plan （ C） campaign （ D） function （ A） consumers （ B） employers （ C） reporters （ D） manufacturers 70 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.
36、Yet much had happened【 21】 . As was discussed before, it was not【 22】 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【 23】 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【 24】 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution【 25
37、】 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【 26】 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【 27】 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in【 28】 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized,【 29】 , that th
38、e introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【 30】 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【 31】 its impact on the media was not immediately【 32】 . As time were by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ t
39、oo. as well as【 33】 , with display becoming sharper and storage【 34】 increasing. They were thought of, like people,【 35】 generations, with the distance between generations much smaller. It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the context
40、 within which we now live. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathered （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） picked （ A） on （ B） out （ C） over （ D） off （
41、A） of （ B） for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （ C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B） since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A） apparent （ B） desirable （ C） negative （ D
42、） plausible （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with 86 【 C5】 （ A） drag （ B） draw （ C） pull （ D） haul 86 Even plants can run a fever, especially
43、 when they are under attack by insects or disease. But【 71】 humans, plants can have their temperature【 72】 from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago,【 73】 the infrared (红外线的 ) scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley【 74】 a quick way to ta
44、ke the temperature of crops to determine【 75】 ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers【 76】 target pesticide spraying【 77】 rain poison on a whole field, which【 78】 includes plants that dont have the pest problem. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop proble
45、m before they became【 79】 to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet【 80】 , an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were【 81】 . into a color-coded map showing【 82】 plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than
46、 they【 83】 would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers【 84】 the new technology and long-term backers were hard【 85】 . But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to【 86】 into operation
47、. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used【 87】 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,“ says George Oerther of Texas AI thought telling the truth had been good for us. But the trouble is.it Washt the whole truth. By the time Tommy was born I
48、did want him, and at【 C6】 _he was happy. Ever since that day, weve both been haunted by some terrible feelings we shared. “ I must admit that Ive come to the conclusion that some things are better left unsaid. Honesty is a fine policy as【 C7】 _as we know what the truth really is , but most of the ti
49、me we dont Its a fine goal to encourage children to express their real feelings. And many marriages have been saved by an open confrontation of deep and painful misunderstandings. But we need a new sense of balance. Disclosure is not a panacea for every problem【 C8】 _even an end in itself. Its useful and freeing under some circumstances and terribly hurtful and damaging under others. Its a good idea, I think, to【 C
