1、考博英语模拟试卷 285及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor. （ A） demand （ B） view （ C） request （ D） opinion 2 The most prolific writer is not necessarily the best. （ A） written-about （ B） productive （ C） artful （ D） re
2、ligious 3 Imagine my vexation when they said they would come to dinner and then didnt show. （ A） enlightenment （ B） astonishment （ C） annoyance （ D） contrariness 4 Any troop of wild animals should be approached warily. （ A） fearlessly （ B） confidently （ C） silently （ D） prudently 5 There is little l
3、earning involved when one is reprimanded two or three months after the deed. （ A） recommended （ B） reproached （ C） recompensed （ D） reversed 6 Archaeologists are interested in pottery, figurines and other vestiges of ancient civilizations. （ A） traces （ B） shards （ C） products （ D） artifacts 7 Packa
4、ging is designed so as to encourage impetuous shopping. （ A） extravagant （ B） careful （ C） impotent （ D） impulsive 8 Pan of his general thrift is to be meticulous in verifying monthly expenses. （ A） painstaking （ B） dilatory （ C） meretricious （ D） gaudy 9 The jurors came to a deadlock in the defenda
5、nts trial for murder. （ A） a decision of guilty （ B） a decision to punish by electrocution （ C） an impasse （ D） an unusual verdict 10 Among the lowest of the judicial ranks, justices of the peace nevertheless frequently exercise jurisdiction over a variety of misdemeanors. （ A） guidance （ B） soverei
6、gnty （ C） authority （ D） suzerainty 11 A mistake is rarely atoned for by a single apology, however profuse. （ A） extravagant （ B） produced （ C） divergent （ D） repetitious 12 Her office in the First National Bank building is provisional. （ A） permanent （ B） temporary （ C） corrupt （ D） craven 13 The b
7、urglars ransacked the room taking anything of value they found. （ A） demolished （ B） took over （ C） inhabited （ D） thoroughly searched 14 The whole of the endowment was used to refurbish the school gymnasium. （ A） millionaires （ B） endorsements （ C） governments （ D） donations 15 The massacre of inno
8、cent people cannot ever be condoned. （ A） overlooked （ B） praised （ C） condemned （ D） satisfied 16 When he realized the true nature of the proposal, he_all communication with the group. （ A） converted （ B） reverted （ C） severed （ D） made 17 The worsening financial situation made it obvious that an e
9、conomic depression was_. （ A） attainable （ B） remote （ C） imminent （ D） eminent 18 All of the dental instruments need to be_before the next patient is seen. （ A） heated （ B） scalded （ C） sterilized （ D） burned 19 Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to_the steepest face with gre
10、at agility. （ A） scale （ B） surpass （ C） overcome （ D） mount 20 If you call the 911 emergency number, they will_firemen, policemen, and paramedics immediately. （ A） assign （ B） detach （ C） attach （ D） dispatch 21 His evident_to his wife despite her indiscretion proved him to be a man of integrity. （
11、 A） personality （ B） character （ C） fidelity （ D） morality 22 I dont know why he has been given_. It wasnt his accomplishment but his wifes. （ A） acclaim （ B） confidence （ C） reimbursement （ D） robustness 23 After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U. S. , he will_work on a five-language opera.
12、（ A） confine （ B） indulge （ C） resume （ D） undergo 24 When Ph.D.candidates _ their impending professorships, they consider housing benefits offered by the prospective universities. （ A） anticipate （ B） assume （ C） apply （ D） demand 25 My supply of confidence slowly_as the deadline approached. （ A） w
13、ithdrew （ B） eliminated （ C） exterminated （ D） diminished 26 The battle is of great significance when viewed in the_of the progress of the war. （ A） prospective （ B） respective （ C） perspective （ D） prescriptive 27 It has long been known that total sleep_is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, upon exami
14、nation of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. （ A） deposition （ B） destruction （ C） deprivation （ D） reduction 28 In that country, hospital doctors dont go sightseeing very often because their work_almost all their time. （ A） takes up （ B） takes off （ C） takes apart （ D） takes over
15、29 According to the law of that country, the Parliament will have to be_before the General Election. （ A） decomposed （ B） dispersed （ C） dissolved （ D） disintegrated 30 He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _the consequences. （ A） answer for （ B） run into （
16、 C） abide by （ D） step into 二、 Grammar 31 Switzerland is Abest known for its Bmajesty mountain range and Cthousands flock to the Alps each year to take advantage of Dtheir ideal skiing conditions. 32 APolice were sent to disperse the crowds but ended up Bby shooting down protesters and it was in Cth
17、is chaos that the seeds of political liberation were Dsown. 33 Even today, Athrough the Bhustle and bustle of Nevsky Prospect, St Petersburgs main street, the Cclassical beauty of the city Dmesmerizes the eye. 34 She is furious Aof her sons grades in school, Bwhich explains why Mark is jealous Cof J
18、ulias high marks Don the exam. 35 Smog-choked Southern California Ademands them. Its a car for people who never want to go to Ba gas station again. But the fact is, for all the talk, selling Cgas-less machines has been a Dhard-sell. 36 People thought: Hey, eat a carp and you will be taking in Awhat
19、it is that gives you these Bfish their long Clife-span. Of course, it Dhasnt done a lot of good for these carp. 37 In deciding to undertake dangerous pursuits, people Ausually strive for their maximum personal ability rating, Bwhen they Care challenged but can be victorious, rather than merely Dsurm
20、ounting the mediocre. 38 In proposing Asuch philanthropic donations, the director of the company certainly spoke Bfrom a genuine concern Cfor the needy and not Dany desire for personal accolades. 39 The armor, infantry and Aother military forces Bwere held up by Cthe enemy counter attack, thus Dcaus
21、ed the delay in the advance. 40 AJust as children the world over Blike Christmas rooming, Cadults so like Christmas evening when Dpeace and calm return to the household. 41 AEach employee with Ba modicum of intelligence Cwould be able to undertake Dsuch a basic process. 42 The economic situation Awi
22、ll improve given that there is Bforecast to be less unemployment and Cclosures than in Dprevious years. 43 The three most important issues Aof concern to citizens today are Bprison reform, Cabusing children, and toxic Dwaste. 44 I was Aon the verge of Bincurring Mr. Rochesters wrath by not listening
23、 to his prohibitions, Cwhile a ray once more shone almost Dimperceptibly on the hallway wall and I heard his muffled step on the carpet. 45 AThe above is the most important aspect Bwhich apes Ccan be told from more Dprimitive social groupings. 46 _that the earth was flat? （ A） Used it to be thought
24、（ B） Did it used to be thought （ C） Was it used to being thought （ D） Does it used to be thought 47 It is most inappropriate_in the college VIP lounge. （ A） for any students to be there （ B） for there to be any students （ C） to be any students there （ D） to have there any students 48 She_much more a
25、ccurate responses now, had she taken more pains in devising the questions. （ A） got （ B） would have got （ C） had got （ D） would be getting 49 An extensive foundation in the basic sciences should be required of all science students, _. （ A） whether they are future physicists or chemists （ B） be they
26、future physicists or chemists （ C） they are future physicists or chemists （ D） they should be future physicists or chemists 50 The general opinion is that he is_to complain. （ A） so much a milquetoast （ B） too a milquetoast （ C） too much of a milquetoast （ D） so much of a milquetoast 51 Although of
27、course there are exceptions, it seems reasonably clear that in certain countriesRwanda, Somalia and parts of the former Yugoslavia come to mindhunger is less a result of an absolute food shortage, _a policy decision or the political situation. （ A） than of （ B） rather than （ C） but the result of （ D
28、） than is 52 The ozone layer plays as great a role in the stability of spaceship Earth as_ the waters of its lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, and streams. （ A） do （ B） does （ C） play （ D） are 53 Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even though I was_last week. （ A）
29、 to be started （ B） to have started （ C） to have been starting （ D） start 54 Despite an overlay of quasi-literary French vocabulary stemming from the Norman Invasion of 1066, the daily vocabulary of English remained Germanic, _its grammatical structure. （ A） the same are （ B） and so are （ C） as did
30、（ D） and so were 55 Although money is always useful, it isnt all_. （ A） what there is to life （ B） to which there is in life （ C） there is to life （ D） that is in life 56 _ever so humble, theres no place like home. （ A） It be （ B） Be it （ C） It was （ D） Was it 57 _all customs, no matter how sacrosan
31、ct, are essentially learned reactions appropriate perhaps only to the holders thereof is a basic assumption of anthropologists. （ A） Nearly （ B） It is nearly （ C） That nearly （ D） When nearly 58 Although women cluster to him like moths around a flame, he is none_ happier for it. （ A） but （ B） the （
32、C） much （ D） any 59 The major reason why Americans enjoy an abundant food supply is that the arable land at their disposal for food production is_. （ A） three times more the world average （ B） three times as much the world average （ C） three times the world average （ D） the world average is three ti
33、mes 60 The sound of the roaring of a tiger is_heard by jungle dwellers_ feelings of unease, for a year does not elapse without victims falling to the tigers ferocity. （ A） always, with （ B） ever, without （ C） ever, with （ D） never, without 三、 Cloze 60 The normal human daily cycle of activity is of s
34、ome 78 hourssleep alternation with some 1617 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides【 C1】_the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this【 C2】 _can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease with which people can change from work
35、ing in the day to working at night is a【 C3】 _of growing importance in industry where automation【 C4】 _round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【 C5】 _form five days to one week for a person to adapt to a【 C6】_routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night.【 C7
36、】 _, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine【 C8】 _he has to change to another,【 C9】 _much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very【 C10】 _. One answer would seem to be【 C11】 _periods on each shift, a
37、 month, or even three months.【 C12】 _recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their【 C13】 _habits to sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any【 C14】_to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appea
38、rs to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【 C15】 _may persist through all weekends and holidays. 61 【 C1】 （ A） in （ B） with （ C） of （ D） over 62 【 C2】 （ A） cycle （ B） period （ C） circle （ D） round 63 【 C3】 （ A） problem （ B） difficulty （ C） trouble （ D） matter 64 【 C
39、4】 （ A） asks （ B） invites （ C） calls for （ D） reacts to 65 【 C5】 （ A） takes （ B） spends （ C） demands （ D） asks 66 【 C6】 （ A） former （ B） returned （ C） reversed （ D） regular 67 【 C7】 （ A） Therefore （ B） Unfortunately （ C） In a word （ D） In comparison 68 【 C8】 （ A） as （ B） when （ C） then （ D） than 69
40、【 C9】 （ A） though （ B） so that （ C） while （ D） as 70 【 C10】 （ A） efficiently （ B） good （ C） easily （ D） happily 71 【 C11】 （ A） shorter （ B） better （ C） longer （ D） nicer 72 【 C12】 （ A） So （ B） In short （ C） Similarly （ D） However 73 【 C13】 （ A） new （ B） normal （ C） temporary （ D） favorite 74 【 C14】
41、（ A） change （ B） return （ C） adaptation （ D） tendency 75 【 C15】 （ A） wakefulness （ B） sleep （ C） preference （ D） habit 四、 Reading Comprehension 75 In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt on from the doctors: salt is bad for youregardless of your health. Politicians also got on board
42、. “There is a direct relationship,“ U. S. congressman Neal Smith noted, “between the amount of sodium a person consumes and heart disease, circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death. “ Frightening, if true! But many doctors and medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has
43、 gone too far. “All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary,“ Dr. Dustan insists. “For most of us it probably doesnt make much difference how much salt we eat. “ Dustans most recent short-term study of 150 people showed that those with normal blood pressure underwent no change at all when
44、placed on an extremely low salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Of the hypertensive subjects, however, half of those on the low-salt diet did experience a drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt was reintroduced. “An adequate to somewhat excessive salt intak
45、e has probably saved many more lives than it has cost in the general population,“ notes Dr. John H. Laragh. “So a recommendation that the whole population should avoid salt makes no sense. “ Medical experts agree that everyone should practice reasonable “moderation“ in salt consumption. For an avera
46、ge person, a moderate amount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of a teaspoon. The equivalent of heart problems may have to limit dietary salt, if their doctor advises. But even the very vocal “low salt “ exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull Hayes, Jr. , admits that “we do not know w
47、hether increased sodium consumption causes hypertension“. In fact, there is increasing scientific evidence that other factors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium; obesity(much more dangerous than sodium); generic predisposition; stress. “It is not your enemy,“ says
48、 Dr. Laragh, “Salt is the No. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you dont need it is wrong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt related health problem, there is no reason to give it up. “ 76 According to some doctors and politicians, the amount of salt consumed
49、_. （ A） exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor health （ B） cures diseases such as stroke and circulatory disorders （ C） correlates highly with some diseases （ D） is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease 77 From Dr. Dustans study we can infer that_. （ A） a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some people （
