1、考博英语模拟试卷 29及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The concept of a loyal opposition the _ of modem democracy rarely prevails and, much more frequently, opposition is equated with treason and ruthlessly suppressed. （ A） loop （ B） essence （ C） equivalent （ D） velocity 2 Timmer is known as a touch manage
2、r who demands _ results. （ A） credible （ B） undeniable （ C） dynamic （ D） tangible 3 He has been plowing through a biography of Lyndon Johnson and a _ of Henry Kissinger. （ A） casualty （ B） criteria （ C） dissection （ D） necessity 4 Now the public has an unprecedented chance to peer over the shoulders
3、 of archaeologists and historians and get a firsthand look at the _ of the Mongols and their Asian predecessors. （ A） legacy （ B） bequest （ C） converse （ D） miracle 5 In the search for solution to seemingly overwhelming problems, it became increasingly _ to include radical, even revolutionary ideas.
4、 （ A） stable （ B） absolute （ C） immortal （ D） plausible 6 Researchers at Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh announced they had discovered _ evidence that a virus is involved in what used to be called juvenile diabetes. （ A） incessant （ B） compelling （ C） identical （ D） problematic 7 Stephen Schneider,
5、 a climatologist at Stanford, notes that unlike greenhouse gases, which _ rapidly around the globe, the sulfate droplets tend to concentrate over industrialized regions. （ A） unify （ B） fragment （ C） disperse （ D） shatter 8 Now the juries, and ultimately the society they speak for, have to find some
6、 way to express _ at the brutality that women and children face every day. （ A） aggression （ B） extenuation （ C） outrage （ D） suppression 9 It was a type of urban story that continues to _ big-city dwellers forward each day, a tale of hard work and self-starting initiative, of taking matters into on
7、es own hands to make dreams come true. （ A） propel （ B） penetrate （ C） baffle （ D） harness 10 The primordial fireball would have been a dense roiling stew of radiation and elementary particles condensing out of the _ energy, annihilating each other, recondensing, then colliding and disappearing all
8、over again. （ A） colossal （ B） audacious （ C） ambient （ D） autonomous 二、 Error Identification 11 The lecturer made (too a long) speech, so every listener (felt tired of) him, and (some even went) out of the lecture hall (without getting) the permission from the speaker. （ A） too a long （ B） felt tir
9、ed of （ C） some even went （ D） without getting 12 It is (raining hard) outside. (Havent) you (taken) an umbrella (with you)? （ A） raining hard （ B） Havent （ C） taken （ D） with you 13 If he (was to come) here this afternoon, I (should ask) him to go to the party (held by) student (union). （ A） was to
10、 come （ B） should ask （ C） held by （ D） union 14 He did not like abstract painting (at all), so (the more) he looked at the drawings (exhibited) in the art gallery, (the little) he liked them. （ A） at all （ B） the more （ C） exhibited （ D） the little 15 He is a (well-known) hardworking and clever stu
11、dent, and he often gets top (scores) in his class; so all his classmates (are sure) that he (studies very hardly). （ A） well-known （ B） scores （ C） are sure （ D） studies very hardly 16 He lookeda (little bit) nervous, (that) could be seen from his (facial expression). （ A） little （ B） bit （ C） that
12、（ D） facial expression 17 (Although) the wages for all the members of the working staff (increase regularly), so (their expenses do); for the prices for everything (are increasing dramatically) at the same time. （ A） Although （ B） increase regularly （ C） their expenses do （ D） are increasing dramati
13、cally 18 (Sound waves) travel (in the air) in much (the same) way (like) water waves spread on the water. （ A） Sound waves （ B） in the air （ C） the same （ D） like 19 Like any other (constant) repeated action, speaking (has to) be learned, but once it (is learned), it becomes a generally (unconscious
14、) and apparently automatic process. （ A） constant （ B） has to （ C） is learned （ D） unconscious 20 (More and more) old people whose (grown-up children) pay little attention to them (gathered) together and organize (interesting activities) for themselves. （ A） More and more （ B） grown-up children （ C）
15、 gathered （ D） interesting activities 三、 Reading Comprehension 20 Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising
16、the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the busines
17、s in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institution, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have t
18、o go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals,
19、roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve ns properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industr
20、ies therefore frequently needed to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new deve
21、lopment. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance. 21 Almost all companies involved in new production and development must _. （ A） rely in their own fin
22、ancial resources （ B） persuade the banks to provide long-term finance （ C） borrow large sums of money from friends and people we know （ D） depend on the population as a whole for finance 22 The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is _. （ A） repaid to its original owne
23、rs as soon as possible （ B） raised by the selling of shares in the companies （ C） exchanged for part ownership in The Stock Exchange （ D） invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange 23 When the savers want their money back they _. （ A） ask another company to obtain their money for them （ B
24、） look for other people to borrow money from （ C） put their shares in the company back on the market （ D） transfer their money to a more successful company 24 All the essential services on which we depend are _. （ A） run by the Government or our local authorities （ B） in constant need of financial s
25、upport （ C） financed wholly by rates and taxes （ D） unable to provide for the needs of the population 25 The Stock exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries _. （ A） to borrow as much money as they wish （ B） to make certain everybody saves money （ C）
26、 to raise money to finance new developments （ D） to make certain everybody lends money to them 25 The year 1400 opened with more peacefulness than usual in England. Only a few months before, Richard , weak, wicked, and treacherous had been deposed, and Henry declared king in his stead. But it was on
27、ly a seeming peacefulness, lasting for but a little while; for though King Henry proved himself a just and a merciful man as justice and mercy went with the men of iron of those days and though he did not care to shed blood needlessly, there were many noble families who had been benefited by King Ri
28、chard during his reign, and who had lost some what of their power and prestige from the coming in of the new king. Among these were a number of great lords who had been degraded from their former rifles and estates, from which degradation King Richard had lifted them. They planned to fall upon King
29、Henry and his followers and to massacre them during a great tournament which was being held at Oxford. And they might have succeeded had not one of their own members betrayed them. But Henry did not appear at the lists; whereupon, knowing that he had been lodging at Windsor with only a few attendant
30、s, the conspirators marched there against him. In the meantime, the king had been warned of the plot, so that instead of finding him in the royal castle, they discovered through their scouts that he had hurried to London, and that he was marching against them at the head of a considerable army. So n
31、othing was left but flight. One and another, they were all caught and some killed. Those few who found friends faithful and bold enough to afford them shelter dragged those friends down in their own ruin. 26 What does the author seem to think of King Henry? （ A） He was the best king England had ever
32、 had. （ B） He was unfair and cowardly. （ C） He was just as evil as King Richard. （ D） He was a better ruler than King Richard. 27 How did King Henry find out about the plot? （ A） His scouts discovered it. （ B） He saw the conspirators coming. （ C） One of the conspirators told him. （ D） He found a cop
33、y of the conspirators plan. 28 How did the conspirators find out that Henry was in London? （ A） They saw him leave Windsor. （ B） Henrys attendants told them. （ C） They saw him at the tournament. （ D） Their scouts told them. 29 Why did the nobles wish to kill Henry? （ A） Henry had taken away power gi
34、ven to them by Richard. （ B） Henry was weak, wicked, and treacherous. （ C） Henry had needlessly killed members of their families. （ D） Henry had killed King Richard. 30 It can be inferred that Richard IIs reign was _. （ A） peaceful （ B） corrupt （ C） democratic （ D） illegal 30 The ballad and the folk
35、 song have long been recognized as important Keys to the thoughts and feelings of a people, but the dime novel though sought by the collector and referred to in a general way by the social historian, is dismissed with a smile of amusement by almost everyone else. Neither folk songs nor dime novels w
36、ere actually created by the plain people of America. But in their devotion to these modes of expression, the people made them their own. The dime novel, interested as it was for the great masses and designed to fill the pockets of both author and publisher, quite naturally sought the lowest common d
37、enominator: themes that were found to be popular and attitudes that met with the most general approval became stereotyped. Moreover, the dime novel, reflecting a much wider range of attitudes and ideas than the ballad and the folk song, is the nearest thing we have had in this country to a true “pro
38、letarian“ literature, that is, a literature written for the great masses of people and actually read by them. Although a study of our dime novels alone cannot enable anyone to determine what are the essential characteristics of the American tradition, it can contribute materially to that end. Sooner
39、 or later, the industrious researchers who have minded so many obscure lodes of American literary expression will almost certainly turn their attention to these novels and all their kind. Let no one think, however, that the salmon-covered paperbacks once so eagerly devoured by soldiers, lumberjacks
40、trainmen, hired girl, and adolescent boys now make exciting or agreeable even for the historian, much as the social and historical implications may interest him. As for the crowds today who get their sensational thrills from the movies and the tabloids, I fear that they would find these hair-misers
41、of an earlier age deadly dull. 31 The principal intention of the author of a dime novel was to _. （ A） explore a segment of American society （ B） promote the American political philosophy （ C） raise the level of intelligence of the great masses of people （ D） make money 32 The “lowest common denomin
42、ator“ refers to _. （ A） the poorer classes （ B） themes and attitudes that would be acceded by the greatest number of people （ C） attitudes accepted by the American intellectuals （ D） the character of the authors of the dime novel 33 “Proletarian“ literature is _. （ A） written for and read by the gre
43、at masses of people. （ B） distinguished by its devotion to pornography. （ C） distinguished by its elegant style. （ D） written for, but not actually read by, most people. 34 The author believes that a study of our dime novels _. （ A） is a waste of time （ B） would be sufficient in itself to determine
44、the essential characteristics of the American tradition （ C） would be a valuable contribution in determining the essential characteristics of the American tradition （ D） would be amusing but unimportant 35 Which of the followings implied in the passage? （ A） The attitudes of the masses of people are
45、 best expressed by sociology texts. （ B） The nearest thing we have had to a proletarian literature is the dime novel. （ C） The study of the formal literature alone will not enable the historian to understand the attitudes and interests of the common people. （ D） Because the themes in the dime novels
46、 were not good, they could no longer be legally distributed. 35 There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; hut as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessa
47、ry for a prince to know how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to the rulers by ancient writers, who relate how Achiiles and many others of those ancient princes were given Chiron the centaur to be bought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal,
48、 semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox ca
49、nnot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and the reasons which made him hind himself no longer exist, If men were all good, this percept would not be a good one; hut as they are bad, and would not observe their faith with you, se you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a princ
