1、考博英语模拟试卷 91及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Typically, these children of Democrats switched _ and joined the Republican Party during the 1980s. （ A） authenticity （ B） arrogance （ C） alliance （ D） allegiance 2 Having managed to survive the funeral and the solicitous attention of family and friend
2、s, we long to be left alone so we can stop being brave and give in to the _. （ A） concern （ B） cowardice （ C） demand （ D） grief 3 The sound of the doorbell startled her and she _ knocked the ashtray on to the floor. （ A） detrimentally （ B） spontaneously （ C） inadvertently （ D） strenuously 4 That Lyd
3、ia was able to _ the situation seemed to allow everyone to breathe a deep sigh of relief. （ A） shed light on （ B） make light of （ C） scare lights out of （ D） set light to 5 If the cheek does not cover the full amount of your medical expense, mail the Medicare Explanation of Benefits (MEOB) to your c
4、arrier in order to receive _ for the balance of your expense. （ A） installment （ B） reimbursement （ C） alignment （ D） ornament 6 So if you notice a slight worsening of symptoms after taking a remedy, this is a sign that the medicine is working and you should simply stop dosing until this _ dies down
5、. （ A） affiliation （ B） allegation （ C） aggravation （ D） assimilation 7 A lantern burned inside, making it _ like the belly of a lightning bug. （ A） sparkle （ B） gleam （ C） flicker （ D） glow 8 They hit only the smaller people like me, while the politicians will of course _it with money. （ A） do away
6、 with （ B） take away with （ C） make away with （ D） get away with 9 He has realized-the mistake he had made and wanted to _ himself. （ A） deny （ B） redeem （ C） exempt （ D） conceal 10 A large middle-aged lady _ me on the back and said “Nice to see you again.“ （ A） clapped （ B） grasped （ C） flapped （ D
7、） slapped 11 Get _ of the Yellow Pages, look up D for Dentists and pick one, any one, within half a mile of here. （ A） rid （ B） more （ C） hold （ D） go 12 _ mother-to-be Cherie Blair stunned the party by wearing a sensational violet silk trouser suit which she had specially made for the big night. （
8、A） Radial （ B） Radiant （ C） Radical （ D） Racial 13 Nobody knows why there are so few women at the _ of movies. （ A） helm （ B） seat （ C） control （ D） reign 14 The result on Saturday is likely to _ whether independents and Democrats turn out in numbers for Mr. McCain. （ A） tell apart （ B） decide on （
9、C） hiuge on （ D） map out 15 Wimpy is_ proud of its high reputation for food quality and service and this leaflet is tv reassure our customers that they can enjoy Wimpy fare with complete confidence. （ A） justifiably （ B） intermittently （ C） imperceptibly （ D） sluggishly 16 Unable to defeat him by lo
10、gical discussion, she _ her old habit of criticizing his speech. （ A） fell back on （ B） looked down upon （ C） lived up to （ D） hanged on to 17 The subject matter was so technical as to be beyond the _ of the average layman. （ A） sphere （ B） realm （ C） ken （ D） kingdom 18 Tim has given up his own wri
11、ting and radio interests to pick you up off the ground and _ you to the stature which he truly thought you deserved. （ A） sustain （ B） reinforce （ C） elevate （ D） increase 19 His administrations economic policy would focus un _ inflation and reducing the budget deficit. （ A） winking at （ B） polishin
12、g off （ C） shaking down （ D） reining in 20 It is becoming increasingly clear that stress can wreak _ not only with the immune system, cardiovascular system but hormones too. （ A） havoc （ B） misery （ C） lement （ D） wreck 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 The planets oldest and largest lake, Baikal is about
13、 the size of Belgium and accounts for a fifth of the worlds fresh water reserves. It is a precious resource, an area of surpassing beauty and to some extent, the very symbol of our nation. For several years, newspapers had been publishing Manning reports on threats to Baikal from industrial construc
14、tion along its shores, the felling and rafting of timber and pulp mills discharge of chemical wastes. Documents revealed that Orlov, the prime minister in charge of the paper industry, had ordered construction of a large cellulose complex on the lakes shores to produce a particularly durable rayon c
15、ord for airplane tires with the assumption that the pure water would facilitate the chemical process resulting in stronger fibers, and the story goes that Orlov had chosen the site by simply pointing to a place on the shoreline while cruising in a motorboat with some old friends. Tile site, however,
16、 turned out to be a seismically active region, and the buildings, while supported by steel piles, are still vulnerable to the major earthquakes that have occurred there once or twice a century. The pure water helped the process, whose final product proved out-of-date, aviation industry switching to
17、metallic cord. The variety of fish, unfortunately, fell victim to the toxic waste, the fragile ecological balance of the region threatened. Those concerned proposed that the lakeshores be closed to new industry and existing enterprises be moved but they encountered tough resistance from officials de
18、fending their decision and saving face by insisting on the complexs importance. Of course, what you see on pictures is still a beauty but the lake is no longer a home to more than 1,000 species of plants and animals unknown anywhere else. 21 The statement that best relates the main idea of this pass
19、age is _. （ A） too many people are attracted to the lake that it has now been deprived of its natural beauty （ B） an important natural resource is destroyed by human ignorance （ C） industry is less important than ecological balance （ D） one should be extremely careful when choosing a construction si
20、te 22 According to the passage, the plants product _. （ A） became the most popular of its kind because of the pure water of the lake （ B） did not succeed because the water was used in a wrong way （ C） did not keep up with the development of the tire industry and was finally stopped （ D） could not fi
21、nd its proper place in the market because people now turned to a newer type 23 We can infer from the passage that_. （ A） existing enterprises would be moved and no new industry would be built there （ B） the place chosen added to the cost of the building because of unexpected extra work （ C） damage w
22、as done though the lake is still a beautiful place （ D） officials have decided to adopt the proposal of those people concerned 24 In the authors opinion,_. （ A） the project did more harm than good to both the environment and the industry （ B） some people profited at the price of the loss of the natu
23、ral balance （ C） the complex was so important that all efforts must be made to keep it going （ D） all industrial investments must be given the most careful examination 24 However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gain saying the fact that children spend more time at home than in
24、 the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of tile school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives. Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parent
25、s apprised of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing and developmental mathematics. Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important ro
26、le in enlightening parents. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home. To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arith
27、metic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home,
28、setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis. If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics, and at the same time, enjoying th
29、e work. Too often, however, teachers conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of childrens misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion for penalties and rewards at home. What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional
30、adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. 25 The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that_. （ A） home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many hours with his parents （
31、B） teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the school （ C） parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectives （ D） parents have a responsibility to help students in doing homework 26 The author directly discusses the fact that _. （ A） parent
32、s drill their children too much in arithmetic （ B） a parents misguided efforts can be properly directed （ C） principals have explained the new art programs to parents （ D） a father can have his son help him construct articles at home 27 It can reasonably be inferred that the author _. （ A） is satisf
33、ied with present relationships between home and school （ B） feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental program （ C） feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present （ D） believes that schools are woefull
34、y lacking in guidance personnel 28 A method of communication not mentioned by the author is the_. （ A） classes for parents （ B） new type of report card （ C） informal tea （ D） demonstration lesson 29 The author implies that _. （ A） participation in interesting activities relating to a subject improve
35、s ones achievement in that area （ B） too many children are lazy and have poor work habits （ C） school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parents （ D） teachers should occasionally make home visits to parents 30 The authors attitude toward supervisors is one of _
36、. （ A） disdain （ B） indifference （ C） suspicion （ D） approval 31 We may infer that the writer of the article does NOT favor_. （ A） a fathers helping his son with the latters studies （ B） suggestions by the teacher to a parent in regard to improving the students scholastic average （ C） having the par
37、ent observe lessons which the children are being taught （ D） principal-parent conferences rather than teacher-parent conferences 31 Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate things or processes which have no nam
38、es in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature. Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outsk
39、irts of the English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the techni
40、cal vocabulary, is very old. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are mole familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their older strata, become pret
41、ty familiar to cultivated persons, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the
42、 various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature o
43、r conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associates freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called “popular science“ makes
44、 everybody acquainted with modem views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them com
45、monplace. 32 This passage is primarily concerned with _. （ A） technical terminology （ B） various occupations and professions （ C） scientific undertakings （ D） popular science 33 Special words used in technical discussion _. （ A） never last long （ B） should be confined to scientific fields （ C） are c
46、onsidered artificial speech （ D） may become part of common speech 34 It is true that_. （ A） the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him （ B） various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons （ C） everyone is inter
47、ested in scientific findings （ D） an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms 35 In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the nomenclature of_. （ A） farming （ B） botany （ C） government （ D） sports 36 The writer of this article is mos
48、t probably _. （ A） a hnguist （ B） a scientist （ C） an essayist （ D） a physician 37 The authors main purpose in the passage is to _. （ A） describe a phenomenon （ B） argue a belief （ C） propose a solution （ D） stimulate action 37 Everything in todays world is going faster and faster, and television co
49、mmercials are no exception. At the start of the television age the standard commercial lasted 60 seconds, but most of todays commercials are only half that length and many are even shorter. The 15-second commercial, introduced a few years ago as a way to cut skyrocketing advertising costs, may soon be the most common in the United States. (Our television-watching counterparts in Japa
