1、职称英语理工类 A级（补全短文）模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 0 Science and Technology There is a difference between science and technology. 【 B1】 _Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in
2、nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. 【 B2】 _ Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and kno
3、w the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. 【 B3】 _But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides we have the choice of refusing to belie
4、ve it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic(超音速的 )aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. 【 B4】 _The purpose of technology is to serve people people in general, not merely some people; and future g
5、enerations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. 【 B5】 _Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion(枯竭 )and even social decay in general so much so that the promise of technology is “obscured“. That promise is a cleaner and health
6、ier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?(2003年 ) A. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B. Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. C. What
7、 scientists discover may shock or anger people as did Darwins theory of evolution. D. Science and technology are different. E. We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. F. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. 1 【
8、 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 5 Einstein Named Person of Century Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as “Person of the Century“ by Time magazine on Sunday. A man whose very name is synonymous with scie
9、ntific genius, Einstein has come to represent【 B1】 _the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology. “The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological te
10、chnologies【 B2】 _,“ wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einsteins significance. “Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein. “ Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy ov
11、er fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics. “What we saw Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their
12、rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances【 B3】 _,“ said Time Magazine editor Walter Isaacson. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of wha
13、t he was to become. He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. In his “Speci
14、al Theory of Relativity,“ Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light. Everything else mass, weight, space, even time itself is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squaredE=mc2. “Indirectly, rela
15、tivity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,“ Isaacson wrote in an essay【 B4】 _. “There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality. “ Einsteins famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and w
16、eapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the “Manhattan Projec
17、t“【 B5】 _. Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955. A. explaining Times, choices B. how he thought of the relativity theory C. more than any other person D. that secretly developed the first atomic weapon E. that flowed directly from advances in basic sci
18、ence F. that helped expand the growth of freedom 6 【 B1】 7 【 B2】 8 【 B3】 9 【 B4】 10 【 B5】 10 Read with Greater Speed Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain. At least one out of every five elementary sch
19、ool students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. 【 B1】 _ Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring. Every day, ins
20、tructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes(音素 ). 【 B2】 _ By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year. A
21、s part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students brains. 【 B3】 _This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written word
22、s quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive. A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests. 【 B4】_How-ever, some researchers still doubt the study. 【 B5】 _ A. M
23、any adults are interested in matching sounds with letters. B. The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling. C. The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters. D. Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program di
24、dnt show the same progress. E. The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side. F. They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient. 11 【 B1】 12 【 B2】 13 【 B3】 14 【 B4】 15 【 B5】 15 The Building of the Pyramids The
25、oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems like that【 B1】 _There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the “Step“ pyramid
26、 and the “Bent“ pyramid. Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, 【 B2】 _. The dry climate of Egypt has helped
27、 to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape【 B3】_These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever. It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids, 【 B4】_However, there are no writin
28、gs or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them. One th
29、ing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning【 B5】_The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, a
30、nd certain problems had to be overcome. A. for stone to use in modern buildings B. has made them less likely to fall into ruin C. before they could begin to build D. because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved E. while building the pyramids F. they will continue to stand f
31、or thousands of years yet 16 【 B1】 17 【 B2】 18 【 B3】 19 【 B4】 20 【 B5】 职称英语理工类 A级（补全短文）模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一 、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 【知识模块】 补全短文 1 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 通过浏览全文发现，本文第一句 There is a difference between science and technology为主旨句，简明扼要地阐述了
32、科学与技术之间存在区别。故在做 1题的时候，答案也应该是围绕着科学与技术之间的区别进行阐述。观察备选答案后发 现，只有 D、 F两项内容是在阐述科学与技术的区别， D项的意思是科学与技术是不同的，和第一句话重复，从而排除。 F更为合适。 【知识模块】 补全短文 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章前部分一直是从科学与技术的方法进行论述，空白处的下文主要是讲述进步，通过下一段首句 Progress in science excludes the human factor，即：科学的进步是排除人为因素的。可以知道，文章将要论述科学与技术进步之间的区别，所以答案 A更为合理，衔接得当。 【知识模
33、块】 补全短 文 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 空白处后面的一句话用 but开头，说明下面的内容已经开始转折，也就是说此空白处的内容应与上文保持一致。因为前面主要讲述了科学家的做事方法；选项中只有 C在描述科学家，从而选择 C。 【知识模块】 补全短文 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 下文 The purpose of technology is to serve peoplepeople in general， not merely some people解释了技术是为大多数人服务，而不是少 数人服务。空白处所填的内容应该是和技术有关系。故答案为 B，论述了技术进步是把人为因素考虑
34、进去的。 【知识模块】 补全短文 5 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 原文中提到 Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution， resource depletion(枯竭 )and even social decay in general一 so much so that the promise of technology is“obscured”，许多人都在责备技术本身给环境、生活带来污染，由此暗示对技术的不当利用起了重要作用，从而选择 E选项。 【知识模块】 补全短文 【知识模块】 补全短文 6 【正确答案】 C
35、 【试题解析】 represent后应该加宾语，再根据句意，可以确定选择 C。 【知识模块】 补全短文 7 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 technologies是先行词，后面的从句是对 technologies的解释说明，故答案为 E。 【知识模块】 补全短文 8 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 空白前为 technological advances，只有 F项是对其的解释。 【知识模块】 补全短文 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 空白前主谓宾成分都有，由此判断后面可以是 essay的宾语补足语，故选 A。 【知识模块】 补全短文 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 先行词为 “Ma
36、nhattan Project”，后面可以是由 that引导的从句，故选 D。 【知识模块】 补全短文 【知识模块】 补全短文 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章的题目是：用较快的速度阅读。第二段的第一个句子说的是：在美国每五个小学生中至少有一个在学习阅读方面有困难，虽然这些学生其他科目都不错。这是一个总的说明，接着的句子应该具体化了。 C项就是进一步的说明：科学家说，这些孩子中许多人的最大困难是如何使得读音和字母对应起来。 【知识模块】 补全短文 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第四段的第一句话提到：每天老师帮助他们弄懂字母是如何表达叫做音素的语音单位的。光弄懂是不够的，还需要
37、实践。 B项就是实践：学生还练习朗读和拼写。 【知识模块】 补全短文 13 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 第六段说的是：作为研究的一部分，研究人员用一个特殊的机器拍摄学生大脑运动的照片。 E项：照片显示左大脑后部的活动增加了。故选 E。 【知识模块】 补全短文 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 倒数第二段的第一句讲的是试验组的情况， D讲的是用传统方法的情况。放在一起构成对比，很连贯。故选 D。 【知识模块】 补全短文 15 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 最后一段的第三句提到：然而，有些研究人员仍然不太相信这一 研究。从提供的选项中的第一个词组可以看出，只有 F项是合适的，因为它的起始
38、词是 they，指 some researchers。 【知识模块】 补全短文 【知识模块】 补全短文 16 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 It seems like that后应该接从句，所以只有 F符合。 【知识模块】 补全短文 17 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 空格前有连词 or说明与前面的 for形成并列，因此选择 A。 【知识模块】 补全短文 18 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 空格前有主语，但缺少其他成分，所以选择 B。 【知识模块】 补全短文 19 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据句意，前一句提到了 plans were made for the building of the pyramids，而 D选项正与其呼应。 【知识模块】 补全短文 20 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据句意：在他们开始建设之前一定花费了几个月的时间进行精密的设计。 【知识模块】 补全短文
